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World History – Patterns of Interaction – Review Sheet – Chapter 2 – Early River Valley Civilizations – Sections 1 – 4. Name…………………………………………………………….. Date……………………………… Period……………… ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: I – Historical Terms. 1 – City-state 2 – Ziggurat 3 – Dynasty 4 – Cultural Diffusion 5 – “land of no return” 6 – Epic Poem 7 – Debt slave (debt bondage) 8 – Cuneiform 9 – Code of Hammurabi 10 – Lex talionis 11 – Shadoof 12 – Cataract 13 – Pharaoh 14 – Theocracy 15 – Mummification 16 – Rosetta Stone 17 – Hieroglyphics 18 – Papyrus 19 – Geometry 20 – Theocracy ************************************************************************************************************ 21 – Subcontinent 22 – Monsoon 23 – Levee(s) 24 – Loess 25 – Filial Piety 26 – Oracle Bones 27 – Mandate of Heaven ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: II – People. 1 – Sumerians 2 – Gilgamesh 3 – Sargon of Akkad 4 – Hammurabi 5 – Narmer 6 – Jean Francois Champollion 7 – Hyksos 8 – Shang Dynasty 9 – Zhou Dynasty ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: III – Places. 1 – Fertile Crescent 2 – Mesopotamia 3 – Tigris River 4 – Euphrates River 5 – Nile River 6 – Upper Egypt 7 – Lower Egypt 8 – Sahara Desert 9 – Red Land 10 – Black Land 11 – Giza ************************************************************************************************************ 12 – Hindu Kush Mountains 13 – Himalaya Mountains 14 – Indus River 15 – Ganges River 16 – Harappa 17 – Mohenjo-Daro 18 – Huang He River 19 – Chang Jiang River ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: IV – Gods/Goddesses. 1 – Enlil 2 – “Wicked Udugs” 3 – Re 4 – Osiris 5 – Isis 6 – Anubis 7 – “Eaters of the Dead” :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: V – Multiple Choice. 1 – What initially attracted people to settle and farm the flat, swampy lands in southern Mesopotamia? 2 – What three negatives did the early Sumerians have to deal with in the region of southern Mesopotamia in which they settled? 3 – Over a long period of time, what solutions did the people of Sumer create to deal with those problems? 4 – Why did Sumerian priests and the people give military commanders permanent control of standing armies? 5 – Through what three means can “cultural diffusion” occur? 6 – What rights/privileges did women have in Sumerian society? 7 – With what three inventions are the Sumerians credited? 8 – Upon what “base” was the Sumerian number system based? 9 – What three factors contributed to the fall of the dynasty that was created by Sargon of Akkad? 10 – Why did many of Hammurabi’s laws relate to property issues? 11 – What fundamental principle was established through the Code of Hammurabi? 12 – Why did the Greek historian Herodotus describe Egypt as “the gift of the Nile”? 13 – Although the Nile floods were predictable, what risks did the floodwaters pose to the people of ancient Egypt? 14 – Why were the tombs of Egyptian kings more important than their palaces? 15 – What three aspects of Egyptian civilizations are reflected in the pyramids that were constructed during the Old Kingdom? 16 – What human organs were placed in canopic jars by Egyptian embalmers? 17 – Identify three environmental challenges that people of the Indus Valley had in common with the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt. 18 – Why do historians know less about the Indus Valley civilization than of Mesopotamia and Egypt? 19 – What was one of the most remarkable achievements of the Indus Valley people? 20 – Why do historians and other researchers believe the Indus peoples had strong central government? 21 – Why have linguists been unable to decipher (translate) the Harappan language? 22 – Identify three natural barriers that somewhat isolated ancient China from all other civilizations. 23 – What percentage of China’s land is suitable for farming? 24 – Why did the Chinese name their land the “Middle Kingdom”? 25 – What was the one major advantage of the Chinese system of writing? 26 – What was one major disadvantage of the Chinese system of writing? 27 – Identify three innovations in trade and technology that were introduced during the Chou Dynasty. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: VI – Reading Analysis. “Hatshepsut: How A Woman Took The Throne”. 1 – What “blood myth” can be found in the first paragraph of the artcile? 2 – What is the meaning of the term “regent” as used in the artile “Hatshepsut”? 3 – How frequent was it for a widowed queen to exercise power for a son? 4 – What is the meaning of the name “Hatshepsut”? 5 – In order to rule as king and pharaoh, Hatshepsut needed the support of what two groups in Egypt? 6 – What were the various responsibilities of a pharaoh? 7 – What is the meaning of the term “Ma’at”? 8 – What was the intent of the “story of Hatshepsut”? 9 – What did Hatshepsut’s change of dress signify? 10 – What regions of Egypt were referred to as the “Two Lands”? 11 – Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple was/is named “Djeser-Djeseru”. What is the meaning of that term? 12 – From what illnesses may Hatshepsut have suffered and may have caused her death?