Download EEA Report: Review of fisheries and aquaculture

EEA Report: Review of fisheries
and aquaculture – a basis for
indicator development.
Structure
Geographic coverage
Who will write it?
Literature consulted
When ??
First results from interviews
structure
Part 1. marine fisheries
Part 2. marine & freshwater aquaculture
following the DPSIR chain with chapters on socioeconomic driving forces of the sector, pressures
arising from these driving forces, state of fish stocks
and aquaculture production, impacts on species,
habitats and ecosystems from fishing and
aquaculture activities, policy responses and
measures to reduce the impact and finally
prospective analysis of the developments during
the coming 10-20 years.
geographic focus
The European seas and 37 EEA
countries plus Balkan countries.
.
 global aspects like the activities of the
European fleet in third countries and its
relation to overfishing in Europe.
Authors
Subcontracts are assigned to experts
ICES, GFCM
Socioeconomic (EAFE)
.
NCMR, ENEA and individual consultants.
Other ETC partners, with marine,
fisheries, aquaculture expertise, will be
asked to comment on drafts.
Literature consulted

DG Fisheries reports

ICES reports

GFCM reports

FAO reports like State of Fisheries and Aquaculture
2002 (Sofia 2002) + Sofia 2000
http://www.fao.org/sof/sofia/index_en.htm

OECD reports like Liberalising Fisheries Markets
Scope and Effects, & The Costs of Managing Fisheries:
http://www.sourceoecd.org/content/
·
Fact sheets Eurostat, EEA
·
EEA proposed set of fisheries indicators
Review papers
Countries reports if necessary like Finland’s www.rktl
Results of research projects like
 IMPRESS: Interactions between the marine environment, predators, and
prey:implications for sustainable sand eel fisheries: Contract nr: >QLK5-CT2000-30864.Coordinator Jaap VAN DER MEER www.nioz.nl.
http://www.nioz.nl/en/deps/mee/projects.html
European Fisheries Ecosystem Plan’ (QLRT-CT-2000-01685).
http://www.efep.org/efep09.htm

THE UTILIZATION OF DISCARDS BY SEABIRDS IN THE NORTH SEA
http://www.nioz.nl/en/deps/mee/projects/seabirds/seabirds.html

REDUCtion of adverse ENvironmental impact of demersal trawls EUproject: FAIR CT-97-3809
http://www.nioz.nl/en/deps/mee/projects/reduce/reduce.htm
Provisional Timetable
Detailed Task Plan: December 2002, revised January 2003.
Agreed annotated list of contents with allocation of work to subcontractors
by end of March 2003
Interview sessions during March 2003
Subcontract with authors by end of April
Delivery of draft chapters by authors to NCMR by end of May
.
First
draft from ETC to EEA by mid June,
EEA comments to task leader by end of June
Second draft from ETC to EEA by end of July
Review of final draft by relevant fisheries organisations by mid September
Final version of report from ETC to EEA by end of September
Finalisation of report for publication by mid October.
Review Group
MS
Fisheries Indicators Working Group
.
Brussels workshop (28-29.10.02)
Members of this group :
Eurostat, FAO, ICES, IBFSC, EAFE,
OECD, DG Environment, DG Fisheries
and EIFAC.
1. FISHERIES : Driving Forces
The market for fish socio-economic aspects: sales/landing value, incomes,
fleet value, employment (dependence of local populations- direct and spin-off
2. FISHERIES: Pressures
The different types of fisheries and fleets. Technological improvements in
detection and gear, size of fleet, numbers of new vessels, fishing capacity
/effort/intensity, fishing activities by EU fleet in non-EU waters
3. FISHERIES : State
Assessment of current stocks all species, trends in fish catches,– numbers,
biomass, biodiversity, structure of fish populations, recruitment, spawning
stock levels.
4. FISHERIES: Impact
Different
impacts of different fleets, SBL, by-catch and non-target species,
.
physical damage to habitats and species, reduction in biodiversity, the
ecosystem approach to fisheries, impact of EU fleet in non-EU waters,
impact on bed and surrounding waters, incidence of disease.
5. FISHERIES: Responses
Quota management, zone management, fleet management, grants &
subsidies, current status of ecological approach to management, integration
of environment into fisheries policy, international agreements, national and
local legislation (consents to abstract/discharge), marine stewardship R & D
6. FISHERIES: Prospective analysis
How we see the development in 10-20 years.
Dr. P. Rogers
EAFFE
ICES : ICES
area
NCMR: Med +
Black Sea
ICES: ICES area
J.F. Caddy (ex
FAO consultant)
Med + Black Sea
ICES
NCMR + ΕΝΕΑ
NCMR
NCMR
J.F. Caddy
AQUACULTURE
7. Driving Forces
Dr. E. Mente
The market for fish and aquaculture, socio-economic aspects: incomes, employment
- direct and spin-off (e.g. fish processing), costs of feed
8. Pressures
Dr. E. Mente
The different types of aquaculture (fish, shellfish, freshwater and coastal).
Technological improvements in aquaculture techniques, water usage.
9. State
NCMR
Trends in aquaculture production of different species in Europe.
Status of fish/shell/fish as food
Status of chemical & ecological quality of water bodies
10. Impact
Dr. J. Karakassis+
Different impacts of different aquaculture types, physical damage to habitats and
ENEA
species, reduction in biodiversity, use of fish-meal from capture fisheries or other
. farm on land and in water, quality of effluent water, control of discharges,
food
amount of nutrients, organic matter, antibiotics being discharged, chemicals used in
production, impact on bed and surrounding waters, incidence of disease, escapes
and genetic pollution.
11. Responses
Dr. I. Theodossiou
CFP –zone management, grants and subsidies, current status of ecological
approach to management, integration of environment into aquaculture policy, codes
of practice (aquaculture), national and local legislation (consents to
abstract/discharge), marine stewardship, research and development
12. Prospective analysis
NCMR
How we see the development in 10-20 years.
Dr. J.F. Caddy
INTERVIEWS
The fisheries attachés of 8 MS countries were interviewed in
Brussels the period 11-18 of March 2003.
A questionnaire was distributed to them ahead to allow time
for preparation of the responses. Some had communicated the
questionnaire to their national experts and had prepared their
answers
ahead. In 2 cases (Germany, Belgium) the answers
.
came via e-mail.
The questionnaire included queries on level of interaction with
environmentologists, status of implementation of the council
Directive 1543/2000 (collection of data), existence of
appropriate body at place to assess indicators primarily at the
national level and their view on the long term perspectives for
Discards practices? Would fishermen accept inspectors on board?
Are there any fishing effort management schemes at national level?
Plans for the medium, long term?
How many closed areas (no take zones included) to fisheries, coastal, open seas are
there at the national level ? Closed to which fisheries?
Are protected areas monitored? (fisheries impact studies for fish, benthos, sensitive
species) What are the plans for the next 10-20 years.
.
Do you interact with Environmental managers in your country? Managers of ICZM,
Habitats Directive...
Legislation in place to ensure enforcement of law?
Perspectives on fisheries/ aquaculture
Fisheries perspectives
•Fishery is not an attractive sector and is becoming less and less
important as an economic factor in many countries.
•With the new CFP measures reduction of fishing capacity is
inevitable.  less vessels and less fishermen.
.
•The old traditional fishery is going down because fishermen are
getting old and fishing is not profitable.  In some countries only
high professional boats using selective gear to catch species of
high commercial value will be maintained.
•Recruitment of young fishermen is difficult  some countries are
trying through education to make the sector attractive

Retain of the same level of catches seems to be the best
scenario for many countries. countries are willing to implement
technical measures such as closed areas, selective gear but not
control fishing effort. Exploitation of new fishing ground (i.e. deep
seas) or new stocks (such as the red prawn) are possibilities.
Public awareness for an ecosystem approach fishery has
helped in some countries e.g. decreased the demand for
undersized fish.  More countries are ready to promote
public awareness.
.

Active involvement of the fishermen is anticipated 
Development of MAGP on a long term basis is required by
most countries so as to better plan their fishery
management with the stakeholders
Development of new highly quality products seems to be a
way forward.  Development of more attractive processed
products or earlier delivery to the market (the faster you
deliver the better)
Use of more selective gear to avoid discards is anticipated
More interaction with environmentologists in planning is
anticipated
Aquaculture perspectives
•Because of strong environmental focus which implies restrictions
in the development of aquaculture, some countries are facing
difficulties in further developing the sector.  Financial
incentives are required to convince further investment in the
sector.
•Saturation of the market with low price products is prohibitive for
some countries.  countries are aiming at the development
of new processed more attractive products
•While some countries do not foresee further development,
research in others focuses on developing new species such as
powan, Octopus, turbot, clams
 diversification of aquaculture is a goal countries are
working on
What is to be done next?
First draft from ETC to EEA by mid June,
EEA comments to task leader by end of June
Second draft from ETC to EEA by end of July
Review of final draft by relevant fisheries
organisations by mid September
Final version of report from ETC to EEA by end
of September
Finalisation of report for publication by mid
October 2003.