Download Civil War DBQ

Professional Development Builder
Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Goal:
Create inquiry activities with primary sources.
Objectives:
to create DBQ’s from Library of Congress primary sources
Materials:
 Document organizer
 Primary source analysis tool
 Documents
 DBQ introduction PowerPoint (TBA)
 DBQ check list
Read and understand the following LOC resources before the activity:
 Finding Primary Sources
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/professionaldevelopment/selfdirected/finding.html
 Supporting Inquiry with Primary Sources
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/professionaldevelopment/selfdirected/inquiry.html
Preparation:
Print one copy per participant of the items below, include bibliographic information, and
keep items as a numbered set.




Procedure:
Assessment:
Field of Gettysburg, July 1st, 2nd & 3rd, 1863 Prepared by T. Ditterline.
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3824g.cw0331000
Forward, volunteers! Take the bounties while the opportunity lasts! The draft is
inevitable. It can't be shirked. Enlist in Duryea's Zouaves Second Battalion, 19th
Ward, Brooklyn. [Poster] http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/query/r?ammem/cwnyhs:@field(DOCID+@lit(ac03143))
24 Weeks on the Potomac [Ink on paper] http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/query/r?ammem/cwnyhs:@field%28DOCID+@lit%28ag0082f%29%29
Etc. (see attached document LOC Civil War DBQ)
Part I.
1. Introduce the concept of DBQ
2. Distribute a packet of documents to each participant.
3. Have participants look through the packet to assess the commonalities of the
documents to try to determine what question the document might be useful in
answering. (revel the actual question afterward)
4. Use the Primary Source Analysis Tool to analyze the first three documents (first
two as a large group, third in table groups)
5. Participants will then examine the remaining documents and come up with
specific questions that will guide students into obtaining the appropriate
information from the sources.
6. Once all the documents have been analyzed, the groups will answer the DBQ
question using the information obtained from the documents.
Part II
7. Participants will be given access (or packets) to the Primary Source Sets on the
LOC Teacher’s Page.
8. Each group will be assigned one set to create a DBQ around.
9. Participants are encouraged to find sources outside the set that will aid in
answering the question they devise.
DBQ’s will be assessed by the DBQ checklist (attached).
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Resources:
Officers of 139th Pennsylvania Infantry, photographed between 1861 and 1865, printed later.
Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002695199/
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. A
(1863) Field of Gettysburg, July 1st, 2nd & 3rd, 1863 Prepared by T. Ditterline. Retrieved
from http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?ammem/gmd:@field%28NUMBER+@band%28g
3824g+cw0331000%29%29
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. B
Baker & Godwin, NY. ca. 1863. Forward, volunteers! Take the bounties while the opportunity
lasts! The draft is inevitable. It can't be shirked. Enlist in Duryea's Zouaves Second Battalion,
19th Ward, Brooklyn. [Poster]. Retrieved from http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/query/r?ammem/cwnyhs:@field%28DOCID+@lit%28ac03143%29%29
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. C
(January 1862) 24 Weeks on the Potomac
SUMMARY
Larger than life Union and Confederate generals, [McClellan and Beauregard] each seated
leisurely in a chair with drink nearby, view each other through telescopes. They are separated by
a river, on each side military camps are set up, and soldiers throw stones across the river at each
other.
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. D
Moore, H. P. (c.1863). U.S.S. "Wabash." After pivot gun. X in. Dahlgren. Retrieved from
http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/cwnyhs:@field%28DOCID+@lit%28aa020
05%29%29
SUMMARY
Sailors surrounding large gun on deck of ship, officers stand above them on raised deck.
NOTES
From "U. S. Navy. Edisto Island. Morris and Folly Islands. Fort Warren, Mass. Andersonville Prison,
Miscellaneous." photographic album, p 48 (Naval).
Series: Photographs of the War of the Rebellion
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. E
Gettysburg Address
1. For what occasion
did Lincoln give this
speech?
2. What is the mood
of Lincoln's speech?
3. What reaction is Lincoln
trying to provoke from the
audience?
4. What is Lincoln
defending in this speech?
5. Why does this speech
resonate with Americans
today?
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. E -- Cont.
This document represents the earliest known of the five drafts of what may be the most famous American speech.
Delivered by President Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, at the dedication of a memorial cemetery on
November 19, 1863, it is now familiarly known as the "Gettysburg Address." Drawing inspiration from his favorite
historical document, the Declaration of Independence, Lincoln equated the catastrophic suffering caused by the Civil
War with the efforts of the American people to live up to "the proposition that 'all men are created equal.'" This
document is presumed to be the only working, or pre-delivery, draft and is commonly identified as the Nicolay Copy
because it was once owned by John George Nicolay, Lincoln's private secretary. The first page is on White House
(then Executive Mansion) stationery, lending strong support to the theory that it was drafted in Washington, D.C.
But the second page is on what has been loosely described as foolscap, suggesting that Lincoln was not fully
satisfied with the final paragraph of the Address and rewrote that passage in Gettysburg, on November 19, while
staying at the home of Judge David Wills.
Abraham Lincoln. “Nicolay Copy” of the Gettysburg Address, 1863. Holograph manuscript. Manuscript Division,
Library of Congress
Digital ID# al0186p1
Transcription: Gettysburg Address
"Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation,
conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are
engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so
dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to
dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that
nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But in a larger sense,
we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living
and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The
world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here. It is for us the living rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who
fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great
task remaining before us--that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause
for which they gave the last full measure of devotion--that we here highly resolve that these dead
shall not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that
government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth."
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. F
Volck, A. J. (1864). Caricature of Lincoln writing the Emancipation Proclamation in V. Blada's
War Sketches. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm189.html.
During times of war, art often serves as propaganda, as artists seek to demonize the enemy and
glorify a cause. During the American Civil War, no artist attacked the Northern war effort more
savagely than the satirical printmaker and Southern sympathizer Adalbert J. Volck. A dentist by
trade in Baltimore, Maryland, a city which harbored strong secessionist sentiment, Volck
covertly published numerous scathing caricatures of Union leaders, including this portrayal of
President Abraham Lincoln as the Devil himself, composing the Emancipation Proclamation
while trampling the United States Constitution.
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. G
A letter from President Lincoln that appears on
the front page of the August 25, 1862, New
York Times was written in response to Horace
Greeley's New York Tribune (August 20, 1862)
editorial entitled "The Prayer of Twenty
Millions," in which he beseeched the President
to free the slaves at once. The Times, one of the
leading Republican papers of the country, was
unwavering in its determination that the Federal
union should be preserved. It is not surprising
that Lincoln sent his letter to the New York
Times for publication.
Emancipation or Preservation of the Union?
The New York Times
(New York, August 25, 1862)
Retrieved from
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm080.ht
ml
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. H
Washington, District of Columbia. Maimed soldiers and others before office of U.S. Christian
Commission (1865 Apr.). Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/cwp2003006397/PP/
Washington, District of Columbia. Maimed soldiers and others before office of U.S. Christian Commission
1.
Divide the photo into quadrants and discuss the people you see in each part.
2.
How does this photo show how life was different for Americans after the war?
3.
What questions do you have about the image/title?
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. I
Barnard, George N. 1862. Departure from the old homestead. Retrieved from
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cwpb.00943
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. J
To the patriotic women of Philadelphia. A meeting of the ladies of the City of Philadelphia will
be held this day, at 4 o'clock, P. M., at the School Room, in Tenth Street ... to devise means to
give aid and comfort to our noble soldiers
Philadelphia, 1861.
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
Doc. K
Fitzburg, L. (c.1910). Map of the Confederate States of America. Days of long ago: half
century Confederate memorial. Retrieved from http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.ndlpcoop/glva01.lva00071
Map is surrounded by portraits of Jefferson Davis and Generals Lee, Gordon, Jackson,
Beauregard, J. E. Johnston, A. S. Johnston, Stuart, Hood, and Longstreet and pictures of
Confederate money and postage stamps, the Virginia capitol building, war memorials, the flags
of the Confederacy and a certificate of military service in the Civil War with blanks to be filled
in.
Professional Development Builder: Building Document Based Questions (DBQ’s)
DBQ Check List
Title Page
Yes
No

Image
□
□

Grade level
□
□

Description of lesson
□
□
Yes
No
Directions

Historically significant Question
□
□

Encourages the use of multiple sources of information
□
□

Does not allow for a YES/NO answer
□
□
Yes
No
Documents

10 documents related to topic
□
□

Multiple format of documents (visuals, cartoons, illustrations, printed
□
□
Yes
No
materials, newspapers, magazine, textbook, personal documents, letters,
diaries, public records, political documents, speeches, maps, graphs,
charts)
Scaffolding

Scaffolding questions for each of the documents included
□
□

Use of Library of Congress Document Analysis Sheets
□
□