Download TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer

SET ONE
Toss Up- 4 points
Bonus if you get the Toss Up first – 10 points
TOSS-UP
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the proper name of the star that is most commonly noted to have
coordinates closest to the north celestial pole?
ANSWER: NORTH STAR (ACCEPT: POLARIS or ALPHA URSA
MINORIS)
Star naming
Ancient cultures saw patterns in the heavens that resembled people, animals or
common objects — constellations that came to represent figures from myth, such as
Orion the Hunter, a hero in Greek mythology. Astronomers now often use constellations
in the naming of stars. The International Astronomical Union, the world authority for
assigning names to celestial objects, officially recognizes 88 constellations. Usually, the
brightest star in a constellation has "alpha," the first letter of the Greek alphabet, as part
of its scientific name. The second brightest star in a constellation is typically designated
"beta," the third brightest "gamma," and so on until all the Greek letters are used, after
which numerical designations follow.
http://www.space.com/57-stars-formation-classification-andconstellations.html
BONUS
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the most well-known asterism in Ursa Major?
ANSWER: BIG DIPPER
Constellations and Asterisms
Constellations are patterns of stars visible to the unaided eye, or regions of space seen from Earth
that are bounded by borders designated by the International Astronomical Union. Asterisms are
also naked-eye star patterns, but they do not form constellations on their own. An example is the
Big Dipper, which is part of Ursa Major. Americans know northern hemisphere constellations by
the names given them by ancient Babylonians and Greeks. Seafaring explorers named those in
the southern hemisphere. Every culture created its own constellations, although most of those in
use today came from western sources.
https://stardate.org/astro-guide/constellations-and-asterisms
Toss-Up
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What star has the greatest apparent magnitude?
ANSWER: SUN
Magnitude: measure of it’s brightness as seen from Earth.
See magnitude scales:
http://www.astronomynotes.com/starprop/s4.htm
Also, other start magnitudes
http://www.stargazing.net/david/constel/brightstars.html
BONUS
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What planet is known to be most like Earth in size and density?
ANSWER: VENUS
Scroll down and look at conclusions figures:
http://www.universetoday.com/22551/venus-compared-to-earth/
Toss-Up
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the declination of the north celestial pole?
ANSWER: 90 (ACCEPT: +90)
http://www.physics.csbsju.edu/astro/CS/CS.11.html
good diagrams – like latitude – how far are you away from the celestial
equator.
BONUS
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
The Sagittarius Arm is part of what galaxy?
ANSWER: THE MILKY WAY
http://www.astronomytrek.com/which-constellation-can-be-seenalong-the-milky-way/
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What basic force of the universe is most responsible for holding the
planets of our solar system in their orbits?
ANSWER: GRAVITY
BONUS
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What are the proper names of the 5 celestial bodies called wanderers by
Greek astronomers because they had unusual paths in the sky throughout
the year?
ANSWER: MERCURY; VENUS; MARS; JUPITER; SATURN (in any order)
This link has much needed info: From the course posted.
http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit2/wanderers.html
Toss-Up
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
First proposed by Georges Lemaitre, what is the name, most likely
coined by Fred Hoyle, for the theory that the universe originated at a
finite time many eons ago from an extremely compressed hot state?
ANSWER: BIG BANG
BONUS
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
In what constellation is the star Polaris found?
ANSWER: URSA MINOR (DO NOT ACCEPT: LITTLE DIPPER)
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the primary elemental product of stellar hydrogen fusion?
ANSWER: HELIUM
Yet, another full course source: good visual on fusion – scroll down
This page:
http://linus.highpoint.edu/~mdewitt/phy1050/?page=week5
BONUS
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
In the equatorial celestial coordinate system, what terms are
synonymous with longitude and latitude, respectively?
ANSWER: LONGITUDE = RIGHT ASCENSION; LATITUDE = DECLINATION
7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
The temperature of a star can be estimated most directly from its:
W) distance
X) elemental makeup
Y) color
Z) density
ANSWER: Y) COLOR
BONUS
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
The local group is generally referred to as a collection of what celestial
objects?
ANSWER: GALAXIES
TOSS-UP
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
The stars Merak and Dubhe in the bowl of the big dipper are most
commonly used to locate what star?
ANSWER: POLARIS (ACCEPT: POLE STAR; NORTH STAR;
ALPHA URSA MINORIS)
BONUS
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
The main asteroid belt is located immediately between what two
planets?
ANSWER: MARS AND JUPITER (in any order)
TOSS-UP
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the proper name for the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way?
ANSWER: ANDROMEDA
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the common name for the 88 sections into which the
International Astronomical Society has divided the sky?
ANSWER: CONSTELLATIONS
TOSS-UP
7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What planet of our solar system has the most nitrogen-rich atmosphere?
ANSWER: EARTH
BONUS
7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Most of the galaxies in the universe are classified as which of the
following:
W) spiral
X) elliptical
Y) irregular
Z) dwarf
ANSWER: Z) DWARF
TOSS-UP
14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the primary characteristic of the Jovian
planets:
W) high axial spin rates
X) low mean density
Y) retrograde orbits
Z) prominent layer of liquid-metallic hydrogen
ANSWER: X) LOW MEAN DENSITY
BONUS
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Which one of the Gas Giant planets emits the LEAST amount of
energy? ANSWER: URANUS
TOSS-UP
21) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
From mid-northern latitudes, during which of the following months
would the constellation Orion be most prominent in the southern sky at
about 10 PM:
W) April
X) July
Y) August
Z) December
ANSWER: Z) DECEMBER
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the most common term for the apparent dividing line between
night and day on the Moon?
ANSWER: TERMINATOR
TOSS-UP
7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
The luminosity of a star is most directly related to the star’s:
W) relative magnitude
X) magnitude
Y) distance from Earth
Z) intrinsic brightness
ANSWER: Z) INTRINSIC BRIGHTNESS
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
At which of the following locations would Betelgeuse most likely be
found by a stargazer at mid-northern latitudes during January at about
midnight:
W) at the beginning of the handle of the big dipper
X) at the zenith near the star Vega
Y) about 10º north of Orion’s belt in the southern sky
Z) in the northern sky just above the star Capella
ANSWER: Y) ABOUT 10º NORTH OF ORION’S BELT IN THE
SOUTHERN SKY
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
The formation of what is referred to as “metallic hydrogen” on some of
the our solar system’s planets is driven by what basic force?
ANSWER: GRAVITY
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following would typically appear to be the farthest away
from the ecliptic:
W) the planet Mars
X) the constellation Leo
Y) the Sun
Z) the constellation Cassiopeia
ANSWER: Z) THE CONSTELLATION CASSIOPEIA (Solution:
planets, the Sun and zodiacal constellations are all near the ecliptic
plane)
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What terrestrial planet has the most elliptical orbit?
ANSWER: MERCURY
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Although you might expect this planet to be visible to the unaided eye
because of its maximum apparent magnitude value of about +5.8, what
planet is unlikely to be seen by most stargazers since it requires nearly
ideal viewing conditions?
ANSWER: URANUS
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following best explains from where most of the dust that
covers the surface of the Moon came:
W) weathering when the Moon was young and had an atmosphere
X) interstellar dust deposited over billions of years
Y) from rock pulverized from many impacts
Z) from its original makeup of a soft, silicate rock
ANSWER: Y) FROM ROCK PULVERIZED FROM MANY
IMPACTS
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What physical property of stars is most directly responsible for how long
they will continue fusion?
ANSWER: MASS
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
If a star is seen just above the eastern horizon at sunset, where would it
most likely be found just before the following sunrise:
W) just above the eastern horizon
X) half-way up in the eastern sky
Y) low in the western sky
Z) directly overhead
ANSWER: Y) LOW IN THE WESTERN SKY
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the MOST common organic molecule in the atmosphere of the
planet Uranus?
ANSWER: METHANE (ACCEPT: CH4)
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
To the first decimal place, how many astronomical units is the average
radius of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun? ANSWER: 1.0
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
How many degrees above the celestial equator is the north celestial
pole?
ANSWER: 90
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
From data primarily on the motions of what planet did Kepler propose
that planets follow elliptical orbits?
ANSWER: MARS
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What object in the night sky can reach a maximum apparent magnitude
of negative 12.6?
ANSWER: MOON (ACCEPT: FULL MOON)
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate:
W) solar eclipses are less common than lunar eclipses
X) stars that begin their lives with greater mass have longer life-spans
Y) stars in the same constellation are not necessarily at the same
distance from Earth
Z) M-31 is a galaxy
ANSWER: X) STARS THAT BEGIN THEIR LIVES WITH
GREATER MASS HAVE LONGER LIFE-SPANS
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
In what constellation is the brightest-appearing star in the night sky?
ANSWER: CANIS MAJOR (Solution: Alpha Canis Majoris, also called
Sirius, is in Canis Major and is the brightest star in the sky)
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What basic force is responsible for forming the liquid-metallic hydrogen
layer on the planet Jupiter?
ANSWER: GRAVITY
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
During what month is the average surface temperature of the Earth
typically the highest?
ANSWER: JULY
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Which of the terrestrial planets has the lowest albedo?
ANSWER: MERCURY
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Most of the hydrogen that makes up the planet Jupiter is in what phase?
ANSWER: LIQUID
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
From what specific celestial body do meteor showers originate?
ANSWER: COMET(S)
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Of which of the following is the Hubble Law most directly a
consequence:
W) Doppler shift
X) Kirchoff’s second law
Y) Kepler’s second law
Z) Drake’s equation
ANSWER: W) DOPPLER SHIFT
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the most accurate term astronomers use for the time it takes for
a planet to orbit the Sun relative to the stars?
ANSWER: SIDEREAL PERIOD
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What terrestrial planet has the longest sidereal period?
ANSWER: MARS
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true:
W) the star Sirius at its brightest has an apparent magnitude of about
negative 1.5
X) metal-rich stars sometimes have planets
Y) typical binoculars allow observation of stars with apparent
magnitudes of about 9.0
Z) the Sun has an apparent magnitude of about negative 12
ANSWER: Z) THE SUN HAS AN APPARENT MAGNITUDE OF
ABOUT NEGATIVE 12 (Solution: the Sun’s apparent magnitude is –
26.73)
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Astronomers will often refer to certain stars as low metal content stars.
In this sense astronomers consider metals as any element:
W) heavier than helium
X) heavier than carbon
Y) heavier than copper
Z) heavier than iron
ANSWER: W) HEAVIER THAN HELIUM
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
As a comet approaches the Sun, most of its icy substances are released
during what phase change process?
ANSWER: SUBLIMATION
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
During which of the following orbital arrangements can a transit occur
for the planet Venus:
W) opposition
X) greatest eastern elongation
Y) superior conjunction
Z) inferior conjunction
ANSWER: Z) INFERIOR CONJUNCTION
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Which 2 of the following 4 factors most directly determine the apparent
visual magnitude of a star: distance from Earth; intrinsic brightness;
color; age
ANSWER: DISTANCE FROM EARTH; INTRINSIC BRIGHTNESS
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What 2 characteristics of Uranus are most commonly noted as the
reasons why Uranus was not discovered until the late 1700’s?
ANSWER: APPARENT MAGNITUDE; ORBITAL PERIOD (
ACCEPT: BRIGHTNESS or MAGNITUDE)
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What specific class of stars was discovered by Henrietta Leavitt to have
special properties that allowed it to be used in measuring long
astronomical distances?
ANSWER: CEPHEID VARIABLES
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following most directly addresses that a gas of low density,
when excited, will emit light of a certain wavelength:
W) Kirchhoff’s second law
X) Bode’s second law
Y) Wien’s law
Z) Balmer’s law ANSWER:
W) KIRCHHOFF’S SECOND LAW
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true of coronal mass ejections:
W) they can lead to a loss in radio communications
X) they can indirectly cause damage to electrical transformers
Y) they typically will not damage space-based satellites
Z) the next peak of ejections will likely be during the years 2010 to 2012
ANSWER: Y) THEY TYPICALLY WILL NOT DAMAGE SPACEBASED SATELLITES BONUS
14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Choosing from upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right, where
on the HR diagram would a blue Supergiant be found?
ANSWER: UPPER LEFT
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What 2 planets of our solar system are most alike in elemental makeup
to the solar nebula?
ANSWER: JUPITER; SATURN BONUS
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Order the following 4 stars from the HOTTEST to the COOLEST:
K-3; K-2; B-7; M-10
ANSWER: B-7; K-2; K-3; M-10
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur for a stargazer
observing from mid-northern latitudes during summer months:
W) the planet Venus passing within a few degrees of the Moon a few
hours after sunset
X) the Moon at perigee
Y) the planet Saturn passing with 5 degrees of the Moon
Z) the planet Mercury within 10 degrees of the zenith
ANSWER: Z) THE PLANET MERCURY WITHIN 10 DEGREES OF
THE ZENITH
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Through how many degrees does the Earth rotate in 8 hours? ANSWER:
120 (Solution: 15º per hour = 8 × 15º = 120º
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
As seen from the Earth, what planet has the smallest maximum eastern
elongation?
ANSWER: MERCURY
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Choosing from noon, sunset, midnight or sunrise, at what time of the day
does a new Moon rise for an observer at mid-northern latitudes in
September?
ANSWER: SUNRISE
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a space observatory, launched in 2004 through
the combined effort of Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States,
for the detection and study of gamma-ray bursts:
W) SOHO
X) SWIFT
Y) MOC
Z) international GRB
ANSWER: X) SWIFT
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
How were the rings of the planet Uranus discovered:
W) astronomers in 1977 noticed stars were occulted by Uranus before
the planet passed in front of them and reappeared afterwards
X) the Magellan 1 space probe took pictures of them
Y) the Hubble space telescope detected them with its infrared detector
Z) the rings are made of gases with certain signatures revealed in
absorption spectra
ANSWER: W) ASTRONOMERS IN 1977 NOTICED STARS WERE
OCCULTED BY URANUS BEFORE THE PLANET PASSED IN
FRONT OF THEM AND REAPPEARED AFTERWARDS
TOSS-UP
14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true:
W) an eclipse of the Moon only occurs during a full Moon
X) Mercury will appear to be in its full phase when it is farthest from
Earth
Y) an event horizon is associated with black holes
Z) no more than 50% of the Moon’s surface can be seen over any one
year
ANSWER: Z) NO MORE THAN 50% OF THE MOON’S SURFACE
CAN BE SEEN OVER ANY ONE YEAR (Solution: libration will allow
more than 55% to be seen over a year)
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the most common location of young blue and
white stars in a spiral galaxy:
W) halo
X) spiral arms
Y) nucleus
Z) throughout the entire galaxy
ANSWER: X) SPIRAL ARMS
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
For someone standing at 43° north latitude, how many degrees above the
horizon will the north celestial pole be?
ANSWER: 43
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
In what phase does the planet Venus appear during superior
conjunction?
ANSWER: FULL
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
The BEST explanation of why population I (read as: one) stars have a
higher proportion of elements heavier than helium than population II (
read as: two) stars, is because Population I stars are:
W) younger than population II stars
X) older than population II stars
Y) usually closer to planetary nebula than population II stars
Z) often found near H-I (read as: H, one) regions
ANSWER: W) YOUNGER THAN POPULATION II STARS
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
How many sidereal minutes are in 7.5 sidereal hours?
ANSWER: 450
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is closest to the range for the Balmer series:
W) microwave
X) infrared through UV
Y) UV to soft x-ray
Z) visible light to UV
ANSWER: Z) VISIBLE LIGHT TO UV
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Choosing from upper right, lower right, lower left, and upper left, in
what area of the Hertzsprung Russell diagram will the Sun end its life?
ANSWER: LOWER LEFT
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Giving your answer in decimal form, what would the “Z” value be if a
distant celestial object were shifted towards longer wavelengths by 40%
of the original wavelength?
ANSWER: 0.4
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
If a planet had an orbital period of 11.2 years, what is the length of its
orbital semi-major axis, in astronomical units rounded to the nearest
whole number?
ANSWER: 5 (Solution: d3 = p 2 ; d3 = (11.2)2 ; d3 = 125.4; d = 5)
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is TRUE of red supergiants:
W) some form Cepheid variables
X) most end as nova stars
Y) most have luminosities about 10 to 100 times that of our Sun
Z) most have surface temperatures at least 2-times that of our Sun
ANSWER: W) SOME FORM CEPHEID VARIABLES
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of B-type stars like Rigel
or Spica (read as: SPY-kah):
W) very luminous
X) apparent blue color
Y) medium strength hydrogen spectral lines
Z) average solar mass of about 3.2
ANSWER: Z) AVERAGE SOLAR MASS OF ABOUT 3.2 (Solution:
solar mass of about 16-18)
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following BEST describes where the zodiacal light is
brightest to a stargazer at mid-northern latitudes:
W) within about 20 degrees of the ecliptic
X) at the western horizon at sunrise
Y) at right angles to the Milky Way
Z) parallel with the Milky Way
ANSWER: W) WITHIN ABOUT 20 DEGREES OF THE ECLIPTIC
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the BEST explanation for what causes
zodiacal light:
W) reflection of moonlight off the Earth’s surface
X) dispersion of the Earth’s radiant heat off the troposphere
Y) sunlight reflected off interplanetary dust particles
Z) radiation from the Van Allen belts
ANSWER: Y) SUNLIGHT REFLECTED OFF INTERPLANETARY
DUST PARTICLES
TOSS-UP 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
If the surface temperature of a star increased from 6,000 kelvin to
18,000 kelvin, how many times as much energy would it radiate?
ANSWER: 81
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Using the most common temperature-based spectral classification
system, a star with an apparent color of blue and a surface temperature
of 55,000 kelvin would have what spectral letter classification?
ANSWER: O
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following positions is an inferior planet most likely in if it
is seen just after sunset:
W) opposition
X) superior conjunction
Y) greatest eastern elongation
Z) greatest western elongation
ANSWER: Y) GREATEST EASTERN ELONGATION
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
According to the Pogson scale for brightness, by what multiple does the
brightness of 2 stars differ that have apparent magnitudes of +3 and +8?
ANSWER: 100
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is closest to the age of most chondrites:
W) 150 million years
X) 1.5 billion years
Y) 4.6 billion years
Z) 13.7 billion years
ANSWER: Y) 4.6 BILLION YEARS (Solution: most are about the same
age as our solar system)
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the hydrogen spectral line
strength for an A-type star of about 3 solar masses:
W) missing
X) weak
Y) medium
Z) strong
ANSWER: Z) STRONG
TOSS-UP
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
In astronomical units to the first decimal place, what is the
Chandrasekhar Limit?
ANSWER: 1.4
BONUS 21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
If a new Moon occurs on May 5th at 8:20 AM eastern daylight time, on
what day will the full Moon occur that month?
ANSWER: 19th
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
Order the following 3 stages from the EARLIEST to the LATEST in the
evolution of a G-type star of 2 solar masses: red giant; T-tauri; white
dwarf
ANSWER: T-TAURI; RED GIANT; WHITE DWARF
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
If a star has a surface temperature of 3,000 degrees kelvin, a core
temperature of 100 million Kelvin, and a luminosity of 2,000-times our
Sun, choosing from upper right, upper left, lower left, and lower right,
where on an H-R diagram would it most likely be found?
ANSWER: UPPER RIGHT (Solution: this describes a red giant)
https://www.physics.rutgers.edu/analyze/wiki/hr-ms-rg.png
TOSS-UP
14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur when viewed from
mid-northern latitudes in the month of August:
W) Venus passing within 2º of Saturn
X) Neptune at opposition
Y) the Moon at apogee on the 1st of the month and perigee at the 29th of
the month
Z) the Moon passing within 5º of Uranus
ANSWER: Y) THE MOON AT APOGEE ON THE 1ST OF THE
MONTH AND PERIGEE AT THE 29TH OF THE MONTH (Solution:
apogee and perigee are separated by about 14-15 days)
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following was seen from mid-northern latitudes by casual
stargazers as a bright light in August of 2008 at midnight, about 1/2 way
up the southern horizon:
W) Venus
X) Vega
Y) Jupiter
Z) Uranus
ANSWER: Y) JUPITER (Solution: Venus and Vega are not there at this
time of year and Uranus is never that bright)
TOSS-UP
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What 3 elements are most prominent in the carbon fusion cycle?
ANSWER: CARBON; NITROGEN; OXYGEN
BONUS
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
If the surface of a star is 15,000 kelvin, at what wavelength, in
nanometers rounded to the nearest whole number, does it emit its
maximum energy?
ANSWER: 200 (Solution: λ max = 3 × 106 /15,000 K = 200 nm)
TOSS-UP 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
Which of the following would astronomers most likely consider
emission nebula:
W) Population III (read as: 3) regions
X) Population II (read as: 2) regions
Y) glowing H II (read as: H, 2) regions
Z) active regions
ANSWER: Y) GLOWING H II REGIONS
BONUS 7) ASTRONOMY Multiple Choice
In which of the following locations would there typically be more
Population Two stars than Population One stars:
W) in globular clusters
X) in spiral arms of galaxies
Y) in planetary nebula
Z) in regions actively forming stars
ANSWER: W) IN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
TOSS-UP 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What element makes up the innermost core of a type II (read as: type 2)
supernova just before core collapse?
ANSWER: IRON
BONUS 14) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
What is the magnification of a telescope with an objective lens that has a
focal length of 250 centimeters and an eyepiece with a focal length of
0.50 centimeters?
ANSWER: 500X (ACCEPT: 500 or 500 TIMES) (Solution: M = Fo ÷
Fe = 250/0.50 = 500)
TOSS-UP
21) ASTRONOMY Short Answer
From the LEAST to the MOST, what are the 3 most abundant elements
in a G-type star?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN; HELIUM; CARBON
BONUS
21) ASTRONOMY
Short Answer
If a supernova with an apparent magnitude of –2.0 was observed for the
first time in the year 2,000 at 35.00 kiloparsecs from Earth, how many
years before observation, rounded to the nearest whole number, did the
supernova most likely occur?
ANSWER: 114 (Solution: 3.26 × 35.00 = 114.1)