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The Columbian Exchange Open your book to page 232. What were some of the foods and animals that were exchanged across the Atlantic? What else was exchanged? • • • • • • • Ideas Technology Religions Government Arts Languages Diseases Smallpox Why do you think the Spanish forced the Native Americans to give up their own religions and languages? Mercantilism • The wealth of a nation was determined by the amount of gold and silver it had. Explain how a country could gain more gold and silver. • Countries wanted to keep a favorable balance of trade. • The goal was to export more than they imported. How did colonies help mother countries achieve a favorable balance of trade? Open the Atlas of World History to page 78. The Atlantic Slave Trade The First Slaves • The first slaves Europeans used were Native Indians. • Native Indians easily escaped because they knew the land well. • Many Indians died from contact with European diseases. The Triangular Trade • Slaves were part of the triangular trade. • The route that African slaves took from Africa to the Americas was known as the Middle Passage. The Middle Passage • It was the journey across the Atlantic from Africa to the Americas. • The journey across the Atlantic could last several months. • Many would die of disease before ever reaching the Americas. The Middle Passage The First African Slaves • The first slaves were taken from West Africa. • Africans traded other Africans into slavery to the Europeans • Africans would receive guns, liquor, and textiles for slaves Africans trading other Africans into slavery Resistance to Slavery • Some African kings led armies against European slave traders, but most did not. • Other African kings appealed to the Pope for help against the slave trade. • In some plantation colonies, the slaves themselves fought back against slave owners. Resistance to Slavery Effect of slavery on colonies in the Americas • In areas with plantations, the slaves would outnumber free people. • Many people would become racist against enslaved Africans. • African culture would influence American culture. Atlantic Slave trade’s effect on Africa • Some estimate that Africa lost 11 million people to the slave trade. • Areas in West Africa lost almost every sign of civilization. • Africa was never the same. Write a paragraph from the point of view of a person in this picture. Open the Atlas of World History to page 79.