Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
AP Statistics Chapter 5 Probability Key Terms/Ideas The probability of any outcome of a chance process is a number between 0 and 1 that describes the proportion of times the outcome would occur in a very long series of repetitions. (p. 285) Basic Rules of Probability (p. 301) Favorable outcomes o If all outcomes are equally likely, P( A) Total outcomes o Probability of any event is between zero and one. o Sum of all possible outcomes must have a probabilities that add to 1. o The complement of A is denoted AC. P(AC ) = 1-P(A) The union of A or B is denoted A B and consists of the events in A or B. The intersection of A and B is denoted A B. Events that are in both A and B Addition Rule: P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A B) This formula is given on the AP Test. (p. 304) Mutually exclusive or Disjoint means the two events have nothing in common. If two events are mutually exclusive, P(A B) = 0 (p. 305 with Venn diagrams) Conditional probability. Let A and B be two events with P(B)>0. Then, the probability of A given B occurred is given by the formula. (p. 313) P( A B) P( A | B) P( B) Definition of Independence: Two events are independent if the occurrence of one event has no effect on the chance that the other event will happen. P(A|B) = P(A) General Multiplication Rule: (p. 319) P( A B) P( A | B) P( B) Multiplication Rule if events are independent: P( A B) P( A) P( B) p. 321 Be able to use a tree diagram to apply Bayes Theorem (pp. 325-326 examples) Be able to describe how to use a random digit table to carry out a simulation and be able to clearly mark on the digit table your procedure. o Read ____ (one, two, three) digits from ## to ##, ignoring __________. o State if repeats are allowed or ignored. o State the design, what each digit represents in the context. o State the stopping rule. o State the results of your procedure. o Carry out the procedure as stated in the problem. If you need to carry out three trials, start the next trial on the next line is a common technique. AP Problems: 2004#4, 2006#3, 2008#3, 2006B#3, 2009B#2, 2010B#5, 2005B#2, 2002B#2, 2003B#2, 2007B#6, 2009B#2, 2004#3, 2000#6