Download Dynamics / louds and softs Fortissimo very loud Forte loud piano soft

Terms
Dynamics / louds and softs
Fortissimo
Forte
piano
pianissimo
mezzo piano
mezzo forte
crescendo
diminuendo
subito
accent
sforzando
very loud
loud
soft
very soft
moderately soft
moderately loud
getting gradually louder
getting gradually softer
suddenly
loud (individual notes marked with a sideways V)
loud (individual notes marked ‘sf’ or ‘sfz’
Tempo / speed
Adagio
Largo
Moderato
Allegro
Vivace
Presto
Accelerando
Rallentando
Ritenuto
Allargando
Rubato
Pause
slow
slow
moderate speed
fast
lively
very fast
getting gradually faster
getting gradually slower
getting gradually slower
broadening out (getting louder and slower)
flexible timing
a note held for longer than normal
Texture and articulation
Tutti
Legato
Staccato
Countermelody
Doubling
Tremolo
Descant
the whole orchestra plays
smoothly
notes are detached, separated from one another (opposite of legato)
A secondary melody that is played at the same time as the main melody. A countermelody
could be used in Classical music, a Disco song, a Salsa piece or even in a piece of Serial
music.
This term is used to describe two different voices or instruments playing the same part. We
say these instruments or voices are ‘doubling’ the main tune, or ‘doubling’ the
countermelody, or ‘doubling’ the bassline.
When violins, violas, cellos or double basses play a single note over and over again, very
quickly, with a very small length of their bow. This technique could be used whenever string
instruments are used e.g. Classical, Baroque, Waltz, Minimalism, Serial music etc.
A high part. A descant part is often a high countermelody.
Structure
Coda
Interlude
An ending or conclusion of a piece. It could be the ending of a Disco song, a Classical piece,
or any piece of music.
A short piece of music that provides a break between sections.
Harmony and tonality
Consonant
Dissonant
Harmonies or chords that do not clash
Harmonies or chords that clash