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Ancient Chinese money To continue. The Quest of China … China’s Geographical Map • China is surrounded by deserts, mountains, and the Pacific ocean. • China has thrived along side of the Yellow (Huang He) and Yangtze Rivers. Welcome to Ancient China! • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Did you know? The ancient Chinese invented: Paper Gunpowder Matches The compass A seismograph to measure earthquakes The umbrella Silk Porcelain and china The clock The wheelbarrow The crossbow The animal harness The printing press Ink And playing cards. Musically Inclined… • Archaeologists have found the world's oldest playable flute in China! • Like other ancient peoples, the Chinese developed unique attributes. • Their form of writing, developed by 2000 BC, was a complex system of picture writing using forms called ideograms, pictograms, and phonograms. • Today there are over 80,000 Chinese symbols Oracle Bones • Such early forms of Chinese became known through the discovery by archaeologists of oracle bones. • Oracle bones were bones with writings inscribed on them. They were used for fortune-telling and record keeping in ancient China. • Records of the Shang dynasty were written on animal bones and tortoise shells. • The Shang Dynasty was then the first documented dynasty of Ancient China. • Archaeologists have found over 100,000 oracle bones. • Chinese civilization, as described in mythology, begins with Pangu, the creator of the universe who taught the ancient Chinese to communicate and to find sustenance, clothing, and shelter. • The Chinese had settled in the Huang He, or Yellow River, valley of northern China by 3000 BC. • They had pottery, wheels, farms, baked brick houses, and silk, but they had not yet discovered writing or the uses of metals. Emperors and Dynasties • The Ancient Chinese were ruled by various dynasties. • A dynasty is a time period that is ruled by a specific family. When a new dynasty was to come into power it would overthrow the existing dynasty. • There were several dynasties that lasted up to thousands of years. In the early Chinese age the Xia ruled. • In the Bronze age the Shang and Zhou ruled. In the Classical Age the main dynasties were the Qin and the Han. My Family Rules! The Shang and Chou Dynasties • • • • • Shang and Chou times are known for their use of jade, bronze, horse-drawn chariots, ancestor worship, highly organized armies, and human sacrifice. Cities were surrounded by protective walls. One city was surrounded by a wall 30 feet high, 65 feet thick, and 4 1/2 miles long! Inside these walled cities lived the rulers, priests, and warriors. Merchants and craftsmen lived in mud houses built up against the outside walls of the cities. Farmers lived in nearby villages. Chopsticks were invented, which changed the way people ate their food. •Ancestor worship was very important to the early Shang kings and nobles. It was a way of life. (About 1700 BCE to 250 BCE ) • When a man died, the ancient Chinese believed his spirit lived on in the afterworld. •They believed their ancestors had magical powers that could punish them or could help them make wise decisions. Sometimes the Chinese would use Oracle bones to contact ancestors. •To keep their ancestors happy, they brought gifts of food and wine to special places or temples. •They held many celebrations to honor their ancestors. Han Culture • Philosophies and institutions that began in the Zhou and Qin periods reached maturity under the Han. These consisted of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. • During Han times, the Chinese distinguished themselves in making scientific discoveries, many of which were not known to Westerners until centuries later. • The Chinese were most advanced in astronomy. ~ The Yin Yang is the main symbol of contrasting forces in Taoism. ~ Ancient Chinese star map The Great Wall of China • The Great Wall of China was built in the year 220 BC. It was mostly built in the Qin Dynasty. • During this time over 300,000 people worked for 10 years to build a defense against Northern invaders. • It stretches for 2400 kilometers and is about eight meters high along the wall. This equals 1,491 miles or 26,246 football fields! Pyramids Are Not Just in Egypt! • A three-story pyramid dating 5000 years back has been discovered in north China's Region. • One was said to be three stories high! The Terra-Cotta Soldiers • In 1973, a man was digging a well, when he discovered a life-size terra-cotta soldier! • Since then, over six thousand individual terracotta soldiers have been found, each with different hair, posture, and facial expressions. • All of the terra-cotta soldiers were discovered near an emperor's tomb. • The first true evidence of mathematical activity in China can be found in numeration symbols on tortoise shells (oracle bones) and flat cattle bones • Chinese were one of the first civilization to understand and efficiently use a decimal numeration system. • The Chinese also discovered the concept of Zero Mathematics: It’s China’s Fault! •The need to control the floodprone rivers of China, such as the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, was an important factor in the development of mathematics in ancient China. •The problem of providing a safe environment in a waterdependent society were solved using science and mathematics, including the construction of canals, dams, etc. Dragons in China • Dragons are referred to as the divine mythical creature that brings with it ultimate abundance, prosperity and good fortune. • Dragons are an important part of many Chinese festivals, including Chinese New Year. In ancient China, dragons did not breathe fire. • Dragons were wise and caring. They guarded the wind, the rain, the rivers, precious metals and gems. Ready for a Quiz?... It’s Quiz Time!!!! Which invention did the Chinese not make? A. The umbrella C. Gunpowder B. The Wheelbarrow D. Paper clips Try again! The Ancient Chinese did in fact invent this! Click to go back. CORRECT! Paper clips were not invented by the Chinese! What are Oracle bones? A Old tortoise shells used for record keeping and fortune telling. B Remains found in ancient Chinese tombs. C Ancient cattle bones in which Chinese farmers predicted weather patterns. D New tasty dog treats from an ancient Chinese recipe. Try again! Click to go back. Correct! Oracle bones are tortoise shells with recorded history and fortunes on them. Which statement is False? A B C China’s culture is full of mythology, invention, and philosophy. The Yangtze and Yellow Rivers were not an important factor in the development of mathematics in ancient China. Chinese dragons were wise and caring, and contrary to popular belief, did not breath fire. Try again! This is a true statement. Click to go back. Correct! This Statement is False. The Yangtze and Yellow Rivers were an important factor in the development of Mathematics in Ancient China. The Great Wall of China was used to keep out wild animals. TRUE OR FALSE Try again! Click to go back. Correct! This statement is False. The Great Wall of China was built to keep out foreign invaders. You are at the end of your journey! Click here to end the show. And that was only a taste of ancient China … stay tuned! Works Cited Slide • http://www.wcsu.k12.vt.us/~newfane/4inventions/4inventions.jpg • http://blue.butler.edu/~jfmcgrat/china/timeline1.jpg • http://www.historylink101.com/dwimages/chinapage_r4_c5.gif • http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ANCCHINA/ANCCHINA.HTM • http://members.aol.com/Donnclass/Chinalife.html#INTRO • http://www.internet-at- • work.com/hos_mcgrane/china/eg_china_menu1.html • http://campus.northpark.edu/history/webchron/China/TerraWar.html