Download 1-Intoduction

Database
Management
Systems
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Instructor: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cengiz Örencik
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E-mail: [email protected]
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Course material
http://myweb.sabanciuniv.edu/cengizo/cour
ses
◦ all the notes will be shared there
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Not required
You may use any database book
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Database Management Systems – 3rd Edition
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◦ Ramakrishnan and Gehrke
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Midterm
Inclass quizzes (2)
Final
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Hws
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40%
5% + 5%
50%
◦ Self study
◦ Not to be graded
4
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Learning database system concepts
Learning how to design and implement a database
application
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Computers were originally developed for number crunching.
By time, data storage and processing became as important as
scientific computing
Amount and types of data increased :
◦ Image/audio/video data
◦ Genome data
◦ Customer transactions
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Database Management Systems were developed to manage
this data.
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Someone should
Someone should
Someone should
database
Someone should
system crashes
design the database
maintain/tune the database
design queries to retrieve data from the
deal with the recovery process when the
Database Management System (DBMS)
provides….
… efficient, reliable, convenient, and safe
multi-user storage of and access to massive
amounts of persistent data.
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Massive – terrabytes/day
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Persistent
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Safe – hard/software failure, power cut
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Multi-user
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Convenient
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Efficient
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Reliable
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A Database Management System (DBMS) is a
software package designed to store and manage
databases
We will not consider:
Database applications may be programmed via
“frameworks”
◦ Environments that help to develop program
◦ Ruby on rails, Django…
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DBMS may run in conjunction with “middleware”
◦ Web servers that interact with database
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Data-intensive applications may not use DBMS at
all
◦ Store everything on files
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Data independence
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Efficient access
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Data integrity and security
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Uniform data administration
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Reduced application development time
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◦ Application programs don’t need details of data representation
and storage
◦ A variety of techniques
◦ Enforce constraints, access control…
◦ How different groups of users use it
◦ Organized to minimize redundancy
◦ DBMS support most common important functions
Concurrent access, recovery from crashes
◦ Multiple users use it without conflict
◦ Protect from effects of system failures
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They are system programs like the operating system
Database Management Systems (DBMSs) enable us to
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Create a database
Populate the database
Query the database
Let multiple users use the database at the same time
Recover the data when something goes wrong
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Lets say you would like to create a database for the library:
You need to keep information about the books and who
borrowed them
What do we need to know about a book?
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Name
Author
Publisher
Year
For each book we need to keep that information
◦ Book (Name, Author, Publisher, Year)
CREATE TABLE book (name CHAR(20),
author CHAR(20),
publisher CHAR(20),
year INTEGER)
INSERT INTO book (‘Kyle’s Mom’, ‘Eric McCarthy’, ‘Chef’, 2001)
Name
Author
Publisher
Year
Kyle’s Mom
Eric McCarthy
Chef
2001
Death becomes him
Kenny Grave
Mr. Garrison
2000
….
….
….
…
SELECT name
FROM book
WHERE publisher = ‘Chef’
Name
Author
Publisher
Year
Kyle’s Mom
Eric McCarthy
Chef
2001
Death becomes him
Kenny Grave
Mr. Garrison
2000
….
….
….
…
User
DBMS
Database
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Introduction to Database Systems
Entity Relationship Model
Relational Model
SQL Queries, Triggers, and Stored Procedures
Schema Refinement and Normal Forms
Data Storage and Indexing
Transaction Management
Concurrency Control
Crash Recovery
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What is the name of the student with sid
53680?
How many students are enrolled to DBMS
course?
How many instructors are there in the
Computer Engineering Department?
What fraction of students of DBMS course get
a grade better than BB?
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DBMS used to maintain, query large datasets
Benefits include recovery from system
crashes, concurrent access, quick application
development, data integrity and security
DBAs hold responsible jobs
and are well paid
Whether you know it or not, you’re using a
database every hour