Download EOC Practice Quiz (1) - Duplin County Schools

EOC Review HW Quiz 1
Objective 2.1.2 Char. Of Life:
1. This important process, controlled by the action of enzymes, is vital to life
a. Homeostasis b. adaptation c. responding to stimuli d. metabolism
2. All of the following are adaptations of animals to enable them to live on land EXCEPT
a.internal lungs b. waterproof covering c. Limbs with digits d. external sensory organs
3. All living things can do which of the following? A. react to stimuli b. carry out
photosynthesis c. communicate d. move
4. Consider the following:
 Mitochondria resemble bacteria.
 Mitochondria contain DNA and ribosomes.
 The ribosomes in mitochondria resemble those in bacteria.
What would be a logical interpretation of these findings?
a. There are many coincidences in nature.
b. Mitochondria might one day become bacteria
c. Mitochondria evolved from a type of bacteria.
d. Cells evolved from mitochondria.
5. Which is not a topic studied in a typical biology class?
a. Importance of proper diet and sleep on the body c. organisms that can harm pets
b. Constellation of stars in the western sky
d. being good stewards of environment
6. Organic molecules always include which elements?
a. Carbon, phosphorous b. hydrogen, oxygen c. carbon, calcium d. carbon, hydrogen
7. Living organisms must regulate their internal environments to maintain optimum, stable
conditions. This is called a. respiration b. homeostasis c. development d. reproduction
8. How does perspiring help to maintain homeostasis in the body?
a. It keeps metabolic rate elevated
c. it maintains breathing rate.
b. It keeps body temperature constant. d. it maintains rate of molecular traffic.
9. Metamorphosis occurs during development of all the following organisms EXCEPT the
a. frog b. butterfly c. grasshopper d. cockroach e. crocodile
10. The different species of Hawaiian honeycreepers birds all descended from a single species
of North American bird. They now have different beaks, eat different foods, sing different
songs, and live in different environments on the islands. Which factor probably contributed
most to the development of these different species?
a. loss of habitat
b. geographic isolation c. egg size d. predation
Objective 4.1.1 Biochemistry (Macromolecules):
11. The compound that does most of the work in organisms and are the major structural
components would be
a. carbohydrates b. proteins c. lipids d. nucleic acids.
12. The most abundant inorganic compound in living things is
a. carbon dioxide b. sugar c. sodium chloride (salt) d. water e. protein
13. Each of the following is a major role of lipids in living organisms EXCEPT the
a. Formation of biological membrane
c. chemical messengers
b. Storage of enengy
d. movement of cells
14. Which of the following substances is found in every living cell?
a. Chlorophyll b. blood c. cellulose d. protein
15. A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic
compound? A. carbohydrates b. lipids c. proteins d. nucleic acids
16. In humans, blood sugar levels are kept in balance by the following protein.
a. Hemoglobin b. insulin c. steroids
d. glycogen
17. RNA and DNA are nucleic acids that are composed of a. amino acides
b. nucleotides
c. monosaccharids d. fatty acids and alcohol
18. Which is a general statement about lipids? A.lipids contain nitrogen b. lipids are soluble
in water c. lipids are insoluble in water d. lipids contain chains of amino acids
19. What is the function of nucleic acids?
a. to provide protection and structural support for cells
b. to transfer genetic information to the next generation
c. to ensure hydration for all of the organelles within a cell
d. to produce and store energy for the cell and its organelles.
20. Marathon runners preparing for a long race will consume lots of pasta in order to
a. Build muscle b. have expendable energy c. insulate their bodies d. keep from
getting dehydrated.
21. Which macromolecule is the primary energy source for all cells?
a. carbohydrates b. protein c. lipids d. nucleic acids
22. A student is trying to identify four organic substances. Tests are done on the substances
and the results are shown below. To which group of organic compounds does Substance 3
most likely belong?
Benedict’
Solution
Substance 1
NR
Substance 2
Color
change
Biuret’s
Solution
Brown
Paper
Color
change
NR
NR
Lugol’s
(iodine)
Solution
NR
NR
NR
Substance 3
NR
NR
Substance 4
NR
NR
NR
Turns
Blueblack
NR
a. Carbohydrates b. proteins c. lipids d. nucleic acid
23. Lungs were an important adaptation for life on land. Why couldn’t amphibians use gills
to breathe once they began walking on land?
a. There is not enough oxygen in the air.
b. The temperature of the air fluctuated greatly.
c. The gills could not have been kept moist enough for gas exchange.
24. A certain molecule is found on the surface of most cells and is responsible for
communication between the cells. This molecule is make up of long chains of amino acids
and is specific to each cell type. Identify the molecule.
a. lipid b. RNA
c. DNA d. protein
25. Why would a distance runner consume carbohydrates instead of proteins before a race?
a. Carbohydrates provide insulation for heat.
b. Carbohydrates provide structure for tissues.
c. Carbohydrates provide genetic material for muscle cells.
d. Carbohydrates provide energy for endurance.
Objective 4.1.3 Biochemistry (Enzymes):
26. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the speed and efficiency of enzyme
reactions?
a. temperature b. pH c. substrate concentration d. light
27. Individuals who lack lactase are unable to break down the sugar lactose. Which term best
describes lactase? A. starch b. fatty acid c. lipid d. protein
28. What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
a. The reaction rate will increase. c. The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
b. The reaction rate will decrease. d. The reaction will stop.
29. This diagram shows an enzyme-substrate complex.
Which is represented by Structure X. a. substrate b. product c. enzyme d. complex
30. The active site would be located on a. substrate b. product c. enzyme d. complex
31. Based on the above diagram the function of this enzyme is to a. make a compound
b. destroy a compound c. replicate a compound d. break down a compound
32. When a compound is made energy is _________ and when a compound is broken down
energy is __________. a. stored, lost b. lost, stored c. made, destroyed d. destroyed,
made
33. When a piece of bread is placed in the mouth but not chewed it will still get soft in a few
minutes. Why? a. lipase is acting on it b. peptidase is breaking it down c. hydrochloric acid
is reacting with the bread d. amylase in the saliva
34. Pepsin is a digestive enzyme present in the stomach. The pH at which pepsin has its
maximum effectiveness is
a. between 1.5 and 2.2 b. 7 c. 8.5-9.0 d. >9
35. An experiment is conducted to determine the effect of temperature on enzyme activity.
The results are summarized in the graph.
From the graph, you can conclude that
a. The activity of the enzyme increases as temperature decreases.
b. The activity of the enzyme decreases as temperature increases.
c. The enzyme reaches its peak activity at a temperature of about 40 degrees.
d. The enzyme reaches its peak activity at a temperature of about 50 degrees.
36. How do enzymes speed up biological chemical reactions?
a. enzymes increase the energy required for a reaction to occur
b. enzymes decrease the energy required for a reaction to occur
c. enzymes have no effect on the energy required for a reaction to occur
d. enzymes maintain the energy needed for a reaction to occur.
Objective 1.1.1 Cell Structure and Function
37. Which of the following organelles is involved in the digestion of worn-out organelles?
a. Lysosome
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. chloroplast e. ribosome
38. Proteins are assembled by which organelle?
a. Lysosome
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. chloroplast e. ribosome
39. All of the following are differences between plant cells and animal cells except which one?
a. ribosomes b. centrioles c. cell wall
d. chloroplast
40. What is the function of the cell nucleus? A. to remove waste products b. to manufacture
proteins c. to control cell activity d. to allow molecules to enter the cell2
41. Production of ATP occurs at which of the structures shown below?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
42. Using the above cell structure which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized
into polypeptides? A. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
43. Which is the most likely function of a group of cells that contain a high number of
chloroplasts?
a. Cell respiration b. transpiration c. fermentation d. photosynthesis
44. A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that stops protein synthesis. As a result, which cell
organelles did the chemical destroy? a. ribosomes b. mitochondrias c. lysosomes d. SER
45. This cell structure is composed of channels and pumps for regulating the movement of
particles in and out of the cell. Name the structure. a. mitochondria b. cell wall c.
plasma membrane d. ribosome
46. The main function of the cell wall is to a. support and protect the cell b. store DNA c. aid
in movement of the cell d. direct the activities of the cell
47. The message of the DNA code is the information for building
a. Nucleic acids
b. glucose
c. proteins
d. polysaccharides
48. DNA is located in the nucleus in
a. all cell types b. prokaryotes c. eukaryotes
49. A runner is competing in a 10 km track meet and just before completing the race, the
runner is nearly out of breath and the energy needed to finish the race. Which cell
structure is most affected by this lack of energy?
a. nucleus b. ribosome c. mitochondrion d. plasma membrane
Objective 1.1.2 Cells
50. What can be used to distinguish between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
a. only eukaryotic cells come from preexisting cells.
b. only prokaryotic cells are the smallest unit of living organisms.
c. only prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes.
d. only eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
51. If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a. virus
b. bacteria
c. plant
d. prokaryote.
52. Which of the following instruments allows a scientist to study intracellular structures?
a. Scanning electron microscope
c. compound light microscope
b. Transmission electron microscope d. all of the above
53. Viruses and DNA can be viewed using a compound light microscope. a. true b. false
54. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are distinguished from each other by which of the
following?
a. Prokaryotic cells include most cells, other than bacteria, and lack a nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles.
b. Prokaryotic cells include mainly bacteria, and lack a nucleus as well as membrane-bound
organelles.
c. Prokaryotic cells include most cells, other than bacteria, and contain a nucleus and
d. Prokaryotic cells include mainly bacteria, and contain a nucleus as well as membranebound organelles.