Download Middle Ages Final Exam Review

Middle Ages Final Exam Review
1. The exam will cover the Middle Ages (Early, High and Late medieval periods).
2. There will be 100 multiple-choice and matching questions and DBQ writing prompts.
3. Organize your notebook by chapter and section, include note taking study guides, Cornell
notes, guided notes, supplemental handouts, and miscellaneous assignments to create a
study packet.
4. Below is a list questions and word bank of the people, places, and terms you should
recognize. Most of them will probably appear on the Final.
Chapter 7: Sections 1 – 4
Section 1: The Early Middle Age: Objectives / Questions
*Describe Western Europe after the collapse of the western Roman empire.
*Describe how Germanic tribes carved Europe into small kingdoms.
*Explain how Charlemagne briefly reunited much of Western Europe and what
happened to his empire after his death.
1. What change signaled the beginning of the Middle Ages?
2. Describe the Germanic kingdoms that conquered much of Western Europe after the fall
of Rome.
3. Discuss the rise of the Franks, the important Frankish leaders and their influence on
Europe during the Early Middle Ages.
4. What was the Battle of Tours?
5. Who was Charlemagne and what were the long term effects of the pope giving him the
title “emperor of the Romans”?
6. What role did powerful nobles in Charlemagne’s kingdom play?
7. What happened to Charlemagne’s empire after his death?
8. Discuss Charlemagne’s legacy.
Section 2: Feudalism and the Manor Economy: Objectives / Questions
*Explain how feudalism shaped mediaeval society.
*Describe the life of knights and nobles.
*analyze how the economic system of the manor worked and how it affected peasants and
nobles.
9. Discuss feudalism and its role in shaping the social / political life in Europe during the
Early Middle Ages.
10. Explain the responsibilities of lords, noblewomen, vassals, serfs and peasants in feudal
society.
11. What is a feudal contract.
12. Contrast a serf and a peasant?
13. What is manorialism (manor economy)?
Section 3: The Medieval Church: Objectives / Questions
*Explain how the Church shaped medieval life.
*Understand the monastic life and the influence of medieval monks and nuns.
*Analyze how the power of the Church grew during the Middle Ages and how reformers worked
for change in the Church.
*Describe the situation of Jews in medieval Europe.
14. How did the Roman Catholic Church change during the early Middle Ages?
15. Describe the responsibilities of parish priests?
16. What was monastic life like for a monk / nun (monasticism)?
17. Discuss the papal power during the Middle Ages (power of the pope).
18. What contributions did St. Francis of Assisi and St. Dominic make to the Church and
society?
19. What caused prejudice against Jewish people to increase in the late 1000s?
Section 4: Economic Recovery Sparks Change: Objectives / Questions
*Summarize how new technologies sparked an agricultural revolution.
*Explain how the revival of trade revolutionized commerce and led to the growth of towns.
*Analyze the rise of the middle class and the role of guilds.
Describe life in medieval towns and cities.
20. What new farming technologies and methods led to an Agricultural Revolution?
21. Why did Flanders and northern Italy become centers of trade?
22. What new business methods were devised to make trade easier and less risky?
23. What is a guild?
24. What influence did guilds have on medieval society (merchant guild / craft guild)
25. Discuss the positive and negative aspects of living in a medieval city?
Chapter 8: Sections 1 – 5
Section 1: Royal Power Changes: Objectives / Questions
*Learn how monarchs gained power over nobles and the Church.
*Describe how William the Conqueror and Henry Ii strengthened English royal power.
*Analyze the traditions of government that developed under King John and later English
monarchs.
*Explain how strong monarchs unified France.
26. Why did the balance of power begin to shift toward monarchs in the High Middle Ages?
27. What were the notable accomplishments of English monarchs: William I, Henry II, King
John, Edward I?
28. What is the Magna Carta and why is it important?
29. What is the “power of the purse”?
30. What is Parliament?
31. Explain the significance of Parliament having the power of the purse?
32. Contrast the English Parliament and the French Estates General.
Section 2: The Holy Roman Empire and the Church: Objectives / Questions
*Understand why Holy Roman emperors failed to build a unified nation-state in Germany.
*Describe the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV and summarize the
struggle to control Italy.
*Analyze how the Church reached the height of its power under Pope Innocent III.
33. Why was the power of Holy Roman emperors limited?
34. What conflict led Pope Gregory VII to excommunicate emperor Henry IV?
35. What areas did Holy Roman emperors of the 1100s and 1200s want to control?
36. How would you characterize Church power in the 1200s?
37. Why was it so difficult for the German states in the Holy Roman Empire to unite?
Section 3: The Crusades: Objectives / Questions
*Identify the advanced civilizations that were flourishing in 1050.
*Explain the causes and effects of the Crusades.
*Summarize how the Christians in Spain carried out the Reconquista.
38. What is the Byzantine empire?
39. Why did Pope Urban call for a Crusade?
40. What happened during the First, Third, and Fourth Crusades?
41. Discuss the major effects of the Crusades?
42. How did religious policy in Spain change under Ferdinand and Isabella?
43. What is the Reconquista?
Section 4: Learning and Culture Flourish: Objectives / Questions
*Explain the emergence of universities and their importance to medieval life.
*Understand how newly translated writings from the past and from other regions influenced
medieval thought.
*Describe the literature, architecture, and art of the High and late Middle Ages.
44. Why was learning and literacy important during the High and Late Middle Ages?
45. What is a university and why were they important to medieval life?
46. What ancient, Jewish and Muslim scholars helped advance knowledge in Western Europe
in the 1100s?
47. How was the conflict between faith and reason resolved?
48. Who is Thomas Aquinas?
49. Discuss the importance of the major literary accomplishments of the High Middle Ages
(Song of Roland, Canterbury Tales, El Cid, Summa Theologica).
50. How did replacing Latin with vernacular writing shape European society?
51. How did religion influence the art and architecture of the High Middle Ages?
Section 5: A Time of Crisis: Objectives / Questions
*Understand how the Black Death caused social and economic decline.
*Describe the problems facing the Church in the late Middle Ages and how the Church reacted.
*Summarize the causes, turning points, and effects of the Hundred Years’ War.
52. What caused the Black Death?
53. How did people react to the Black Death?
54. What is one way people reacted to the spread of the Black Death?
55. What were the social and economic effects of the Black Death?
56. How did the Black Death and the Schism affect Church power and authority?
57. What did John Wycliffe and Jan Hus do that upset the Church?
58. What were the causes of the Hundred Years’ War?
59. Who is Joan of Arc?
60. Discuss the effects of the Hundred Years’ War?