Download Unit-2-Match-Up - Lesmahagow High School

Match Up
Reproductive Organs and Hormonal Control
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Seminiferous tubules
4. Interstitial cells
5. Negative feedback
control
6. Ovarian hormones
7. Endometrium
8. Proliferation
9. Vascularisation
10.Menstrual cycle
11.Follicular phase
12.Luteal phase
13.Ovulation
14.Menstruation
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Gender
Male
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Name of
hormone
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A. Located in testis and produces sperm.
B. Loss of the inner lining of the endometrium resulting in
small volume of blood passing out of female’s body.
C. This happens when hormones are in high concentration
and inhibit release of other hormones.
D. A series of events that result in the production of different
hormones in the female to prepare her body for a
pregnancy.
E. Located in brain and releases hormone to stimulate
pituitary gland.
F. 1st phase of the menstrual cycle where the ova develops a
follicle and there is proliferation of the endometrium.
G. Oestrogen and progesterone
H. Located in testis and produces testosterone.
I. 2nd phase of the menstrual cycle that results in the follicle
developing into the corpus luteum and vascularisation of
the endometrium.
J. Releases FSH and ISCH in males and FSH and LH in
females.
K. When cells of the endometrium divide.
L. This is when an egg is released from the ovary due to LH.
M. Lining of the uterus.
N. When there is an increase in blood vessels in the
endometrium making it spongy.
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Name of
structure that
releases
hormone
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Target
tissue
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Function of hormone
FSH
Interstitial
cells
Female
FSH
LH
Causes proliferation of the
endometrium and release of LH.
Corpus luteum
Biology of Fertility Control
1. Cervical mucus
2. Superovulation
A. When sperm and eggs are mixed together outside the body to allow
fertilisation.
B. Is the intentional prevention of conception or pregnancy.
3. Artificial
Insemination
4. In vitro Fertilisation
C. Makes use of hormones to prevent ovulation or implantation of an
egg in a female.
D. When a single sperm is directly injected into an egg.
5. Pre-implantation
genetic Screening
6. Pre-implantation
genetic Diagnosis
7. Intra-Cytoplasmic
Sperm Injection
8. Contraception
9. Barrier methods
E. Is secreted into the vagina and when thin and watery allows sperm
to swim.
F. A T-shaped structure fitted into the uterus to prevent implantation of
an embryo into the endometrium.
G. Is the insertion of semen into the female tract by some other means
than sexual intercourse.
H. When the embryo is checked for a known chromosomal or gene
defect.
I. When multiple eggs are released and could result in multiple births.
10. Chemical methods
J. Involves the cutting and tying of the two oviducts.
11. IUD
K. When the embryo is checked single gene disorders and common
chromosomal abnormalities.
L. Involves the cutting and typing of the two sperm ducts.
12. Vasectomy
13. Tubal ligation
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M. Makes use of a device that physically blocks the sperm from
reaching the egg. Examples are condoms and IUDs.
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Ante- and Postnatal Screening
1. Antenatal screening
A. Involves taking a sample of placental cells to analyse for
chromosomal abnormalities.
2. Ultrasound scan
B. Tests carried out while the fetus is still developing in the
uterus to assess risk of inheriting genetic disorders.
C. Test shows the fetus to have the condition when in fact it
does not, because test wee carried out at the wrong time.
D. Involves taking a sample of amniotic fluid to analyse for
chromosomal abnormalities.
E. Both alleles are dominant. Individuals can have fully
expressed form of the condition or partly expressed form.
Affects males and females equally.
F. Picks up high frequency sounds bounced off the fetus and
converts them to an image.
G. Individual has condition if they have two recessive alleles.
Relatively rare, skips generations and affects males and
females equally.
H. Females need two recessive alleles to have condition; males
only need one recessive allele on X chromosome. Affects
males more.
I. Test used to detect signs and symptoms associated with a
condition. Is used to assess a degree of risk.
J. Detects serious physical abnormalities in the fetus.
3. Dating scan
4. Anomaly scan
5. Biochemical tests
6. False positive
7. False negative
8. Screening test
9. Diagnostic test
10. Karyotype
K. Involves running tests of the mother’s blood to establish its
type.
L. A family tree to show inheritance of a characteristic.
11. Amniocentesis
12. Chorionic Villus Sampling
13. Rhesus antibody testing
14. Postnatal screening
M. Used to determine how far along in the pregnancy the
woman is and the due date.
N. A visual display of their complete chromosome complement.
15. Pedigree chart
O. Testing the newborn baby for chromosomal abnormalities.
16. Autosomal recessive
inheritance
17. Autosomal dominant
inheritance
18. Autosomal incomplete
dominance
P. Test shows the fetus to not have the condition when in fact it
does.
Q. Concentration of certain hormones at particular points in the
pregnancy to indicate risk of abnormalities in the fetus.
R. Individual has condition if they have at lease one dominant
allele. Trait appears in every generation and affects males
and females equally.
S. A definitive test that shows if the fetus is suffering from a
disorder.
19. Sex-linked recessive
inheritance
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Structure of the Cardiovascular System
1. Arteries
A. Small arteries which connect arteries to capillaries.
2. Capillaries
B. Carry blood to the heart and have valves.
3. Veins
C. When arterioles relax and get bigger.
4. Lumen
D. Formed when plasma is squeezed out of capillaries.
5. Endothelium
E. Carry blood away from heart and have thick layer of muscle.
6. Arterioles
F. Carries lymph to lymph ducts to allow it to return to the blood.
7. Venules
G. This is what tissue fluid is called when it is in a lymphatic vessel.
8. Valves
H. When arterioles contract and get smaller.
9. Vasoconstriction
I. The space in the middle of a blood vessel.
10. Vasodilation
J. Small vein that connect veins to capillaries.
11. Plasma
K. Prevent the backflow of blood.
12. Tissue fluid
L. Water yellow fluid that contains dissolved substances.
13. Lymph
M. Exchange substances between the blood and the cells of the body.
14. Lymphatic system
N. Lines the inside of the blood vessel and is made of epithelial cells.
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The Cardiovascular System in Action
1. Atrio-ventricular valves
A. This describe when two pathways have opposite effects
from each other.
B. The pattern of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole)
shown by the heart during one heartbeat.
C. This is when the two ventricles contract simultaneously.
2. Semi-lunar valves
3. Heart rate
7. Atrial systole
D. The part of the nervous system that controls the body’s
internal environment eg. heart rate and breathing.
E. Part of the medulla that sends electrical signals via
parasympathetic nerves to the heart to decrease heart rate.
F. Located between the atria and ventricles to prevent the
backflow of blood.
G. The neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nerve.
8. Ventricular systole
H. The volume of blood pumped out of a ventricle per minute.
9. Atrial & Ventricular Diastole
10. Lubb-dupp
I. The force exerted by blood against the walls of the blood
vessels.
J. The number of heartbeats that occurs per minute.
11. SAN
K. Term used to describe high blood pressure.
12. AVN
13. Autonomic nervous system
L. The hormone released by the adrenal glands to increase
heart rate.
M. This is the sound the heart makes when the valves close.
14. Cardio-accelerator centre
N. Equipment used to measure blood pressure.
15. Cardio-inhibitor centre
O. Located between the ventricles and arteries to prevent the
backflow of blood.
P. Part of the medulla that sends electrical signals via
sympathetic nerves to the heart to increase heart rate.
Q. This is when both the atria and ventricles are relaxed.
4. Stroke volume
5. Cardiac output
6. Cardiac cycle
16. Antagonistic
17. Sympathetic nerve
18. Parasympathetic nerve
R. Carries nerve impulses to the heart from the cardioaccelerator centre.
S. The pacemaker of the heart located in the right atrium that
gives out electrical impulses to cardiac muscle cells.
T. The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle on
contraction.
U. Pattern produced by the electrical activity of the heart.
19. Norepinephrine
(noradrenaline)
20. Acetylcholine
21. Epinephrine (adrenaline)
22. ECG
V. The neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic
nerve.
W. This is when the two atria contract simultaneously.
23. Blood pressure
24. Sphygmomanometer
X. Carries nerve impulses to the heart from the cardio-inhibitor
centre.
Y. Located near the base of the atria and receives electrical
impulses from the SAN. It then sends impulses to a bundle
of conducting fibres.
25. Hypertension
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Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes and Obesity
1. Cardiovascular Disease A. Insoluble molecule that platelets adhere to forming a blood
clot.
2. Atherosclerosis
B. Hormone that causes glucose to be converted into glycogen
in the liver.
3. Coronary heart disease
C.A broken thrombus that is carried by the blood until it blocks
a small blood vessel.
4. Myocardial infarction
D. Blockage of the artery supplying the heart muscle with
blood.
5. Stroke
E. Diagnostic test used to see if someone has diabetes.
6. Angina
F. Active version of the prothrombin enzyme.
7. Prothrombin
G. An inherited condition where the person suffers very high
LDL-cholesterol levels due to lack of LDL-receptors in body cells.
8. Thrombin
H. Hormone that causes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
9. Fibrinogen
I. Disease that affects the heart and blood vessels.
10. Fibrin
J. Condition caused by high concentrations of glucose in the
blood.
11. Thrombosis
K. Disease affecting the small blood vessels due to a high
concentration of glucose in the blood.
12. Embolus
L. Inactive enzyme present in blood plasma involved in blood
clotting.
13. Peripheral Vascular
Disease
M. Transports cholesterol from the liver to the body cells.
14. Deep Vein Thrombosis
N. Another term for heart attack.
15. Pulmonary Embolism
O. This is the formation of a thrombus in a vein in the leg.
16. Cholesterol
P. Formation of a blood clot.
17. LDL
Q. A condition characterised by the accumulation of excess
body fat in relation to lean tissue such as muscle.
18. HDL
R. The formation of plaques called atheromas beneath the inner
lining of the endothelium in the wall of an artery.
19. Familial
Hypercholesterolaemia
S. Hormone released by the adrenal glands that inhibits the
action of insulin and causes an increase in blood glucose
concentration.
T. Soluble molecule converted to fibrin by prothrombin.
20. Microvascular Disease
21. Insulin
U.This is when an embolus forms in an artery leading to the
lungs.
22. Glucagon
V.Transports cholesterol from the body cells to the liver.
23. Epinephrine
W. Blockage of a blood vessel leading to the brain.
24. Diabetes
X. Molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of steroids and
it a part of cell membranes.
25. Glucose tolerance test
Y. Measurement used to assess body mass.
26. Obesity
Z. Condition where there is pain in the chest during exercise
due to blocked coronary arteries.
27. BMI
AA. This is when atherosclerosis affects those arteries other
than the aorta and carotid artery.
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