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Ancient Israel Monotheism Up until this point, we have only studied _____________ religions Judaism is __________________, meaning “one god” The term ________________ comes from the tribe of Judah, one of the 12 tribes that descended from Abraham (the father of the Jews) The Beginnings in Canaan The Hebrew _________ traces back to a man named ______________________. God told Abraham to leave his home in __________________ Abraham settled in _____________________ The Hebrew’s Abraham’s ___________________-The Hebrews-lived in Canaan for many years. Later some Hebrews moved to ______________, because of a ___________________ in Canaan. The Hebrews lived well in Egypt, and their ______________________ grew. The pharaoh feared the Hebrew’s would become too __________________ so he made them _____________. The Israelites Over time, the Hebrews took the name ________________ (where we get the country Israel) For a while the Israelites were the ________ of the Egyptians What do you think the Egyptians made the Israelite slaves do? Moses The _______________ remained the slaves of Egypt until a man named ____________ helped them leave The __________________(meaning departure of a large group of people) was the time when the Israelites left ________________ After the Exodus After the Israelites left Egypt, they wandered around the ___________ _____________ for _______ years According to the _____________, Moses went to the top of Mount Sinai and God gave him two stone tablets known as the ____ __________________. The Ten Commandments became the basis of the laws for the ________________. Return to Canaan The giving of the Ten Commandments led to the ______________ moving back to their original home (Canaan) When they got back to Canaan, the Israelites divided into ___ ________ and spread out to establish ___________ This was not a _________ time; fighting continued for _______ years Kingdoms and Captivity Recall some knowledge: when the Israelites returned to ______________ from wandering in the __________ Desert, there was lots of ____________ and clashing with the inhabitants of the region The Israelites’ ______________ set them apart from the other cultures in Mesopotamia and the surrounding __________ In 1029 B.C.E, a group named the ______________ began to invade the Israelites The Israelites were divided up into ______ different tribes, so they were not __________ and therefore were weak, they knew they had to unite themselves or be __________ The First Kings The Israelites selected ________ as their first king, who helped the Israelites take back some ________ from the Philistines After Saul, the Israelites selected a new king___________ who helped the Israelites drive out the rest of the Philistines After David came ____________ David’s son. With David as king, Israel became a powerful ____________ A Kingdom Divided When the Israelites were under _________, they united in a new kingdom called ____________ However, as soon as the threat ended, the Israelites began to ____________ and fight with each other Once the wise King ______________ died, the fighting and quarrelling ________________, which led to the kingdom splitting into _________ The kingdom of Israel divided over something that countries today are still fighting about today: ___________ It split into two kingdoms: _____________ (North, 10 tribes) and ______________ (South, 2 tribes) The Southern kingdom of ____________ remained loyal to Solomon’s son, the king. Today we get the word “__________” and “Jew” from the name Judah Both Kingdoms Conquered The _________________ invaded Israel and conquered it, forcing both kingdoms to pay tribute. What is tribute??? ______________________________________ Then the Babylonians took over under King Nebuchadnezzar (bonus: what was he famous for?) ___________________ In summary, the Babylonians took the Israelites from both kingdoms as ____________ in a time known as the Babylonian captivity. This is when the Israelites became known as the _________ Hebrews Israelites Jews Babylonian Captivity During captivity, the Jews became ___________, a word meaning “people removed from their native land” The exiles dreamed of a time when they could return home to rebuild their _____________ in Jerusalem They also dreamed of one day having their own king, who they referred to as the ____________, meaning “anointed one” (later, those who believed ____________ ___________ was the Messiah became known as Christians) The Temple is Rebuilt The Persians conquered the Babylonians under a king by the name of Cyrus the Great King Cyrus let everyone worship as they chose to The Israelites were allowed to return to their ______________ and rebuild their cities, especially their sacred _________________ *Rome and Judea* The Jews were allowed to ______________ to their homeland where they once again had to ask themselves the question: Do we want to be ____________with a king or divided with more ____________ to rule ourselves? What happened when the Jews were divided? _____________________________ What happened when they decided to unite? __________________________________________ So, what lessons can they learn from history? ______________________________________ Rome Conquers Judea The Jews were a _______ people, but not for long. An empire that had been growing now controlled their region: _______________ Unlike ____________, who allowed the Jews to practice their religion and choose their own _________, Rome picked the _________________ for the Jews Why would Rome want to pick the leaders of the Jews? __________________________________________________ Another choice Once again the Jews were under control of another _________, so they began to _____________ amongst themselves about what to do: should they _______________ or should they _____________? Some decided they were going to _________ back, these Jews were known as the ______________ Based on history, how do you think this worked out? ________________________________________________ The Diaspora The Zealots were ______________, the second temple was burned to the ground, and Jerusalem was taken This led to the _____________ (Greek word meaning “scattered”) The Diaspora was the time when Jews began to ________ Judea for other parts of the world Some Jews were taken back to _____________ as slaves Judaism Today After the ___________________, the Jewish people worried that they would lose their ____________and identity Wherever Jews settled, they set up________________________, which are places for prayer and worship The religious leaders are known as _________________