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The Human Body: An Orientation Chapter 1 1.3 The language of anatomy Bellwork Write these vocabulary words on your bell work sheet 1. Superior 2. Inferior 3. Anterior 4. Posterior 5. Medial If you were absent Monday get the other 15 words from a class mate/ see absent folder for worksheet we did in class 2 Now with a partner define these. You can use your books, or your phone Quiz: This Friday Anatomical Position ▪ Anatomical Position: • Body is standing, the feet together, the arms to the side, and the head and eyes and palms of the hands facing forwards. • Used for the purpose of description 4 Anatomical Planes ▪ Anatomical Planes: Flat surfaces which pass through body parts – The Main Planes 1. Sagittal (parasagittal and midsagittal) 2.Frontal 3.Transverse 5 Anatomical Planes 1. Sagittal: a cut made lengthwise (longitudinal) that divides the body into left and right halve –Midsagittal –Parasagittal 6 Anatomical Planes 2. Frontal Plane: • A cut made lengthwise that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts (front and back) 7 Frontal 8 Anatomical Planes 3. Transverse Plane: • Cut made along a horizontal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (top and bottom) • AKA a cross section 9 Transverse 10 3 1 2 11 Directional Terms ▪ Anterior(Ventral): Nearer or to the front of the body Anterior 1 1 12 Directional Terms ▪ Posterior(Dorsal): Nearer or to the back of the body 2 Posterior 2 Anterior 13 Directional Terms ▪ Superior(Cranial): Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure 3 Posterior Anterior 3 14 Directional Terms ▪ Inferior(Caudal): Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure Posterior Anterior 4 4 15 Directional Terms ▪ Proximal: Nearest to the center of the body relative to another body part. Examples: • the humerus is proximal to the radius • the femur is proximal to the tibia • the shoulder is proximal to the elbow 16 Directional Terms ▪ Label proximal on your handout 6 5 4 3 7 1 2 17 Directional Terms ▪ Distal: Furthest from the center of the body relative to another body part Examples: • the phalanges(fingers) are distal to the carpals(wrist) • the eyes are distal to the mouth • the knees are distal to the hip 18 Directional Terms ▪ Label proximal on your handout 6 1 5 4 3 2 19 Directional Terms ▪ Medial: Nearer to the midline Examples: • the nose is medial to the eyes • the sternum is medial to the shoulder • the ears are medial to the shoulders 20 Directional Terms ▪ Label medial on your handout 6 5 4 3 2 21 Directional Terms ▪ Lateral: Farther from the midline Examples: • the thumb is lateral to the pinky • the lungs are lateral to the heart • the shoulders are lateral to the ears 22 Directional Terms ▪ Label lateral on your handout 4 4 3 2 23 Directional Terms ▪ Pair up ▪ Divide the directional term cards evenly and randomly ▪ Take some tape and put your directional terms onto your partner and vice versa ▪ Use the directions provided on this slide a. b. c. d. e. f. Area distal to the knee Area proximal to the elbow Lateral to the big toe Anterior side of the body Posterior side of the body Area that is medial to the shoulder g. Area that is superior to the lungs h. Area that is inferior to the heart 24 Body Cavities ▪ Dorsal Body Cavities: • Cranial Cavity • Space inside the skull • Contains the brain • Spinal Cavity • Extends from the cranial cavity down the vertebral column • Contains the spinal cord 25 Body Cavities ▪ Ventral Body Cavities: • Thoracic Cavity • The upper body cavity that extends down to the diaphragm • Abdominopelvic Cavity • Abdominal cavity • Pelvic cavity 26 Language of Anatomy ▪ Cranial: skull ▪ Cervical: neck ▪ Orbital: eye socket ▪ Nasal: nose ▪ Oral: mouth 27 Language of Anatomy ▪ Thoracic: chest ▪ Brachial: arm ▪ Acromial: shoulder ▪ Antebrachial: forearm ▪ Carpal: wrist ▪ Phalanges: Fingers and toes 28 Language of Anatomy ▪ Femoral: thigh ▪ Patella: knee cap ▪ Tarsal: ankle 29 Language of Anatomy ▪ Scapula: shoulder blade ▪ Vertebral: spinal column ▪ Dorsal: back ▪ Gluteal: buttock ▪ Sural: calf 30 Language of Anatomy ▪ Abdominal: Anterior body trunk ▪ Buccal: Cheek ▪ Inguinal: Where thigh meets body trunk ▪ Umbilical: bellybutton 31