Download Anatomical Planes

The Human Body: An
Orientation
Chapter 1
1.3 The language of anatomy
Bellwork Write these vocabulary words on your bell work sheet
1. Superior
2. Inferior
3. Anterior
4. Posterior
5. Medial
If you were absent Monday get the other 15 words
from a class mate/ see absent folder for worksheet
we did in class
2
Now with a partner
define these. You
can use your books,
or your phone
Quiz: This Friday
Anatomical Position
▪ Anatomical Position:
• Body is standing, the feet
together, the arms to the
side, and the head and
eyes and palms of the
hands facing forwards.
• Used for the purpose of
description
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Anatomical Planes
▪ Anatomical Planes: Flat surfaces which
pass through body parts
– The Main Planes
1. Sagittal (parasagittal and midsagittal)
2.Frontal
3.Transverse
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Anatomical Planes
1. Sagittal: a cut made lengthwise
(longitudinal) that divides the
body into left and right halve
–Midsagittal
–Parasagittal
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Anatomical Planes
2. Frontal Plane:
• A cut made
lengthwise that
divides the body into
anterior and
posterior parts (front
and back)
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Frontal
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Anatomical Planes
3. Transverse Plane:
• Cut made along a
horizontal plane,
dividing the body
into superior and
inferior parts (top
and bottom)
• AKA a cross section
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Transverse
10
3
1
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Anterior(Ventral): Nearer or to the front of the body
Anterior
1
1
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Directional Terms
▪ Posterior(Dorsal): Nearer or to the back of the body
2
Posterior
2
Anterior
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Directional Terms
▪ Superior(Cranial): Toward the head, or the upper part of a
structure
3
Posterior
Anterior
3
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Directional Terms
▪ Inferior(Caudal): Away from the head, or the lower part of
a structure
Posterior
Anterior
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4
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Directional Terms
▪ Proximal: Nearest to the center of the body relative to
another body part.
Examples:
• the humerus is
proximal to the radius
• the femur is proximal to
the tibia
• the shoulder is
proximal to the elbow
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Directional Terms
▪ Label proximal on your handout
6
5
4
3
7
1
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Distal: Furthest from the center of the body relative to
another body part
Examples:
• the phalanges(fingers)
are distal to the
carpals(wrist)
• the eyes are distal to
the mouth
• the knees are distal
to the hip
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Directional Terms
▪ Label proximal on your handout
6
1
5
4
3
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Medial: Nearer to the midline
Examples:
• the nose is medial to the
eyes
• the sternum is medial to
the shoulder
• the ears are medial to the
shoulders
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Directional Terms
▪ Label medial on your handout
6
5
4
3
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Lateral: Farther from the midline
Examples:
• the thumb is lateral to
the pinky
• the lungs are lateral to
the heart
• the shoulders are lateral
to the ears
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Directional Terms
▪ Label lateral on your handout
4
4
3
2
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Directional Terms
▪ Pair up
▪ Divide the directional term
cards evenly and randomly
▪ Take some tape and put your
directional terms onto your
partner and vice versa
▪ Use the directions provided
on this slide
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Area distal to the knee
Area proximal to the elbow
Lateral to the big toe
Anterior side of the body
Posterior side of the body
Area that is medial to the
shoulder
g. Area that is superior to the
lungs
h. Area that is inferior to the
heart
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Body Cavities
▪ Dorsal Body Cavities:
• Cranial Cavity
• Space inside the skull
• Contains the brain
• Spinal Cavity
• Extends from the cranial
cavity down the vertebral
column
• Contains the spinal cord
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Body Cavities
▪ Ventral Body Cavities:
• Thoracic Cavity
• The upper body cavity
that extends down to the
diaphragm
• Abdominopelvic Cavity
• Abdominal cavity
• Pelvic cavity
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Cranial: skull
▪ Cervical: neck
▪ Orbital: eye socket
▪ Nasal: nose
▪ Oral: mouth
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Thoracic: chest
▪ Brachial: arm
▪ Acromial: shoulder
▪ Antebrachial: forearm
▪ Carpal: wrist
▪ Phalanges: Fingers and toes
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Femoral: thigh
▪ Patella: knee cap
▪ Tarsal: ankle
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Scapula: shoulder blade
▪ Vertebral: spinal column
▪ Dorsal: back
▪ Gluteal: buttock
▪ Sural: calf
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Language of Anatomy
▪ Abdominal: Anterior body trunk
▪ Buccal: Cheek
▪ Inguinal: Where thigh meets body trunk
▪ Umbilical: bellybutton
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