Download Body System Vocabulary - Armuchee Middle School

Body System Vocabulary
Artery
Capillaries
Circulatory system
Diaphragm
Digestive system
blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the
body
tiny blood vessels where gasses are exchanged between the blood and
body cells
system that provides all body tissues with a regular supply of oxygen
and nutrients and carries away carbon dioxide and waste products.
Included in this system are the heart, arteries, veins, and blood.
a wall of muscle below the ribs which forces your lungs to pull in and
push out air
breaks food down into chemicals that the body can use for energy and to
maintain cells and tissues. Included in this system are the mouth,
esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine and large intestine.
Esophagus
the tube that connects the mouth with the stomach
Joints
the point of contact of two bones in the body often including the
surrounding and supporting parts
Large intestine
deals with food that cannot be digested; water is drawn through the
walls of the large intestine into the bloodstream
Lungs
Nerves
Nervous system
Respiratory system
paired organs forming the special breathing structure of vertebrates that
breathe air
one of the stringy bands of nervous tissue connecting the nervous
system with other organs and carrying nerve impulses (sends messages
from the spinal cord to parts of the body)
system that gathers information from the external environment, stores,
and processes it, and initiates appropriate responses. Included in this
system are the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Responsible for carrying oxygen from the air to the bloodstream and for
expelling the waste product carbon dioxide. Included in this system are
the lungs, bronchial tubes, alveoli, and bronchi
Skeletal system
supports the body and to help protect internal soft tissues and organs.
Included in this system are the bones, kneecap, ribs, and skull
Small intestine
digestion is completed in the small intestine; dissolved food enters the
bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine
Vein
blood vessel that carries blood from the body back to the heart
Vertebrae
the sections of bone or cartilage that make up the spinal column
Epithelial tissue
a body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body inside and out.
Muscle tissue
a body tissue that contracts or shortens making body parts move
Connective tissue
a body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its
parts
Cardiac Muscle
muscle tissue found only in the heart
Skeletal muscle
a muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the
force that moves the bones
Smooth Muscle
involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body
Dermis
the inner layer of the skin
Epidermis
the outer layer of the skin
Voluntary muscle
a muscle that is under conscious control
Involuntary muscle
a muscle that is not under conscious control
Cartilage
a connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and protects the ends
of bones
Ligament
strong connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints
Tissue
a group of similar cells that perform the same function
Organ
a structure in the body that is composed of different kinds of tissue
Organ system
a group of organs that work together to perform a major function in the
body
Lymphatic System
Network of vein like vessels that returns the fluid that leaks out of blood
vessels to the bloodstream.
Immune System
The disease fighting system. Cells of this system react to each kind of
pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen.
Nervous Tissue
Body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the
brain and every other part of the body
Synapse
The space between an axon and the structure that receives the nerve
impulse
Central nervous
system
Peripheral nervous
system
Made up of the brain and spinal cord
Made up of sensory and motor neurons
Homeostasis
The maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism
Marrow
The soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in bone. Red blood
cells are made in red marrow. Yellow marrow stores fat.
Endocrine system
Produces the chemicals that control many of the body’s daily activities
and regulates long term changes such as growth and development.
Reproductive system
a system of organs within an organism which work together for the
purpose of reproduction
Somatic cells
body cells
Muscular system
Provides movement for the body
Excretory system
System for filters and eliminate urea, water, and other wastes. Includes
the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
Integumentary
system
System made up of skin, hair and glands. Helps protect body and
maintain homeostasis.
Respiratory System
Allows gas exchange to all parts of the body. Made up of the esophagus,
lungs, bronchi, and diaphragm.
Diaphragm
Large dome-shaped muscle that help expand or contract your chest
allowing air to flow in or out