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Major Chinese Dynasties Han Dynasty Established basis for Chinese government Established a series of trading routes called the Silk Road Silk Road connected China to central Asia and the Middle East What else besides goods could travel along the Silk Road? Exchange of culture and ideas Religions Technology Such as.. Paper, printing, agriculture, weapons, What is a Middle Man? Traders on Silk Road did not travel entire distance. Sold goods to others along the way who continued moving the goods along What does that do to the price?? Costs increase with each trade off point. Mandate of Heaven Do you remember your vocabulary? Mandate of Heaven Belief that the emperor is chosen to rule by the laws of nature; if mandate is lost, the dynasty falls. What is this? How did this boat move? Sui Dynasty (589-618) Sui Dynasty (589-618) China becoming an empire Harsh Rulers- Wen Di and son, Yang Di Forced labor to pay off debt Help Spread Buddhism Grand Canal How was this canal made? Great Wall of China The Great Wall of China Originally built during the Warring States Period (476 BC - 221 BC) to Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) –(2,000 years) Dynasty Was built to keep nomadic tribes (outsiders) from raiding China’s riches Protected the Silk Road and traders Review Questions How did the Sui Dynasty govern China? Emperors Wen Di and Yang Di are remembered for harsh rule. Forced many peasants to fight in army or work on public works projects. What belief systems did this dynasty encourage? Encouraged the practices of Buddhism, Confucianism and Daoism. Tang Dynasty (618-907) Silk Road Reopens The Tang Dynasty gave China its greatest expansion. Most significant expansion was in the West because it allowed the reopening of the Silk Road. Tang Dynasty (618-907) Silk Road reopened for trading w/ West Culture & Technology flourish Buddhism attacked b/c too powerful Peasants chance to gain wealth Tang Technology More Technology Fireworks spaghetti Silk Road Route Song Dynasty (906-1279) Song Dynasty (906-1279) Problems w/ neighbors Empire loses land Govt. based on Civil Service Exam Confucianism disapproves of merchants Civil Service Exam Examination hall with 7500 cells, Guangdong, 1873. Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) China under Mongolian rule—Kublai Khan Maintained Chinese form of govt.; top officials foreigners Chinese treated poorly Marco Polo visits Kublai Khan & Marco Polo Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) Chinese rebel b/c of discrimination & high taxes Emperor Hong Wu revives China: 1. Absolute power 2. Beats incompetent & corrupt officials 3. Civil Service Exam used again Builds fleet to trade throughout Asia Emperor Hong Wu (r.1368-1398) Zheng He’s & Colombus’ Ships Silk Road & Sea Routes Forbidden City Ming Legacy Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) Manchurians invade & take over China Imposed Manchu dress & hairstyles Allows Christians to enter China; later throws them out Europeans arrive, causes major problems Emperors Kangxi &Qianlong Europeans “Ocean Devils” Relationship with Europeans 1516 Portuguese arrive Chinese not prepared for Europeans Portuguese rob Chinese ships”ocean devils” Foreign countries can only trade if bow down to Emperor Trade only 3 months of year British demand more trade, China denies it, eventually leads to Opium Wars People’s Republic of China (1912-Present) Resources http://www.chinahighlights.com/map/index.htm 8/27/06 Carr,Karen. “Kublai Khan.” http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/history/mongol.htm 8/27/06 Portland State University 1998-2006 “Marco Polo.” http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/images/marcpolo.jpg 6/2/99 8/27/06 “Great Wall of China.” http://www.hctravel.com/CHINAGreat%20Wall%20ofr%20China%203.jpg 8/27/06 “Grand Canal.” http://www.chinapage.com/canal.html 8/27/06 “Chinese Printing Press.” http://library.thinkquest.org/23062/print4.jpg 8/27/06 “Chinese Paper.” http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/literature/pictures/earlypaper.jpg 8/27/06 “Civil Service Exam.” http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/confucian3.html 8/27/06 Google images maps of China Resources “Examination Cells.” http://www.answers.com/topic/exam-cells-large-jpg 8/27/06 Ying, Qiu. “Civil Service Candidates.” c. 1540. http://www.answers.com/topic/civilserviceexam1-jpg 8/27/06 “Hongwu Emperor.” http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/zhenhe/131459.htm 8/27/06 “Ming Vase.” http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/images/mingvase.gif 8/18/05 “Forbidden City.” http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/china/pictures/forbidden_city.jpg 8/27/06 “Qianlong.” http://www.asianart.com/exhibitions/forbiddencity/index.html 8/27/06