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Kendra Simmons 11/29/11 Chapter 11 ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ Aboriginals- the original or first people to inhabit a place Kritis- Hindu religious songs that are sung in praise of a particular god or gods Overtones- the series of faint tones that are generated when any one tone is sounded Harmonics- a series of tones generated by the fundamental tone Conjunct- a melody formed by successive pitches of the scale Disjunct- a melody formed by intervals larger than a second Mass- liturgy Chorale- hymn tune Chorale Preludes- compositions that served as introductions to the singing by the congregation Cantata- an accompanied vocal work in a number of movements with a sacred or a secular text Counterpoint- the combination of two or more related melodies to create a harmonic texture Gospel Music- spirited songs accompanied by tambourines, drums, and piano Qawwali- rhythmic, fast-paced music is used by groups of Muslims called Sufis Chapter 12 ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ National Anthem-a song of praise or devotion to one’s country Protocols- rules of diplomatic or state etiquette Lakalaka- the national dance of Tonga Compound Meter- a division of the pulse into groupings of three segments Heterophony- a musical texture that occurs when melodic variants of the same tune are performed simultaneously Chapter 13 ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ Drone- a continuous note of fixed pitch serving as permanent bass Opus- a term designating a musical works or set of works Dirge- a slow, mournful hymn or lament Gamelan Gambang- a Balinese sacred instrumental ensemble Contrafactum- compositional technique of writing new lyrics to an existing melody Chapter 14 ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ Opera- a staged drama that is predominantly sung, most often with orchestral accompaniment Arias- songs for a solo singer and orchestra Recitative- sung conversation between characters to help advance the story line Opera Seria- a serious form of opera with lofty heroic themes from history and mythology Opera Buffa- comic opera Verismo- a style of Italian opera with realistic portrayals of everyday life Libretto- the text of an opera or musical, including dialogue and lyrics Fermata- the sustaining of a pitch Pathos- the feeling of sympathetic pity or compassion for a character Chapter 15 ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ Operettas- stage plays with songs and dance interspersed with spoken lines Broadway Musical- a dramatic stage form that combines the arts of acting and singing Vaudeville- an early staged variety show that included songs, dances, and comedy skits Dialogue- the spoken lines of a play or musical show Repertoire- an inventory of compositions mastered and performed by a musician Monologue- a dramatic speech or song delivered by one character in a play Motive- a short musical idea that is easily remembered and helps unify a composition