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VII. Chapter Seven Fighting Against Diseases Lesson One: What Causes Communicable Diseases Definition: A Disease that can be spread from one person to another Causes (pathogens-germs) Bacteria is one of the most common germs Virus is the other most common germ How do Certain Kinds of Bacteria Harm Your Body? They are very small, a million will fit on a pinhead Some are harmless and some are helpful Small numbers of bacteria will not make you sick Bacteria reproduce very quickly Some diseases can be caused by different bacteria How Do Viruses Harm Your Body? Viruses are smaller than bacteria They cause more illnesses than any other germ Each different type of virus causes a different disease Lesson Two: How does Your Body Fight Communicable Diseases? What are your first lines of defenses? Your Body has 3 ways to defend itself Skin- largest organ on your body 1st Line of Defense Mucus Membranes- Sticky liquid Hairs or Cilia Stomach acid White Blood Cells- 2nd Line of Defense Cells in the blood that attack germs Antibodies- 3rd Line of Defense They are tiny substances produced by white blood cells The antibodies attach to the germ Now the germs are harmless EACH ANTIBODY CAN ONLY ATTACK A SPECIFIC TYPE OF GERM Once you get the germ, your body remembers how to make the antibodies, you are immune to the disease. How do Vaccines give you immunity? Once you have the disease your body knows how to destroy it A vaccine is an injection of a dead or weakened germ. A healthy body then attacks the germ and now the body knows how to defend itself against an attack of the same kind of germ What else helps fight Communicable diseases? Antibiotics are medicines that can kill many kinds of bacteria Penicillin is the most common- discovered in 1928 Bread mold What is AIDS? Acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome It is preventable AIDS attacks the white blood cells(with out WBC then can’t fight germs) Lesson Three: What are Some Diseases of the Respiratory System? Cough, Cold, watery eyes, runny nose most common What causes a Cold? The most common disease in America Caused by the Rhino virus Many other viruses cause colds too When does Sinusitis Occur? If the opening in the sinus cavity become blocked with mucus: Sinusitis Take care of yourself: Get rest, drink fluids take medicine and eat properly How do you get Influenza Flu is more severe, Headaches, nausea, dizziness, coughing Sometime scientist can predict types of flu coming What is Pneumonia Inflammation of the lungs Caused by bacteria and it is infectious Symptoms include coughing fever, chest pain and noisy breathing What can cause sore throats? Germs Tonsils change get bigger or red and swollen (Pus, white) Strep throat is caused by the streptococcus germ