Download SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Teacher: Marilia Martinez
Room 414
Email: [email protected]
Text: Chemistry The central Science by Brown, Lemay, Bursten, and Murphy, 2009.
ISBN-­‐13: 978-­‐0-­‐13-­‐601879-­‐7
ISBN-­‐10: 0-­‐13-­‐601879-­‐3
Additional Resources Required:
Multiple-­‐ Choice & Free Response
Questions In Preparation for the AP Chemistry
Examination, Fifth Edition
Multiple-­‐ Choice & Free Response Questions In Preparation for the AP Chemistry
Examination (Student’s Solution), Fifth Edition
Mastering Chemistry account
Composition notebook
Scientific calculator
Pens and pencils
2014-2015 Mastering Chemistry access instructions:
The student must visit www.pearsonschool.com/access , and follow the onscreen instructions to
locate and register for Brown/Lemay/Bursten, Chemistry The Central Science 11e, Mastering
Chemistry. When prompted to do so enter the following access code into the space provided:
SSNAST-TTBBO-MOUSY-PRIVY-TRAWL-TAXES
Course Description:
In this AP Chemistry Course the student shall cover all material outlined in the new AP
Chemistry Course Outline as follows:
Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter
can be understood in terms of arrangements of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in
chemical reactions.
Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and
the arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them.
Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or
the transfer of electrons.
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Big Idea 4: Rates of chemical reactions are determined by details of the molecular collisions.
Big Idea 5: The laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and
predict the direction of changes in matter.
Big Idea 6: Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These two
processes are in a dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations.
The science practices for AP Chemistry are designed to get the students to think and act like
scientists. The science practices are:
Science Practice 1: The student can use representations and models to communicate scientific
phenomena and solve scientific problems.
Science Practice 2: The student can use mathematics appropriately.
Science Practice 3: The student can engage in scientific questioning to extend thinking or to
guide investigations within the context of the AP course.
Science Practice 4: The student can plan and implement data collection strategies in relation to a
particular scientific question.
Science Practice 5: The student can perform data analysis and evaluation of evidence.
Science Practice 6: The student can work with scientific explanations and theories.
Science Practice 7: The student is able to connect and relate knowledge across various scales,
concepts, and representations in and across domains.
Home Learning:
Students will be responsible to complete assigned home learning assignments
assigned from the supplementary workbook: Multiple-­‐ Choice & Free Response
Questions In Preparation for the AP Chemistry Examination, Fifth Edition, worksheets and
online interactive assignments through the mastering chemistry website. The Home Learning
assignments will be due and reviewed the following class.
Laboratory:
A minimum of 25% of class time will be dedicated to conduct laboratories. Students will also be
required to complete 6 guided inquiry labs, where the student will design their own experiment/
procedures using knowledge from previous activities to solve a problem. Due to time constraints
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus because of our 8 block schedule we will be conducting additional laboratory sessions after school
on Tuesdays as per our tentative schedule. These lab sessions are Mandatory NOT OPTIONAL!
Laboratory Notebook:
Apart from the students class notebook the student will be given a laboratory notebook with
carbon copies. This notebook will be dedicated solely to lab reports. Students will be expected to
prepare a pre-­‐lab prior to the day they will perform the lab (directions on how to prepare pre-­‐lab
will be reviewed in class.) The day of the laboratory experiment they will perform the procedures
and collect their data. From the data collected they will finish their formal lab with their
calculations and conclusions that will be turned in next class for a grade.
Laboratory Report Requirements:
Pre Labs are required before any student can begin any in class laboratory. Pre-lab requirements
are below:
• Name and Date. The students name and date should be printed in the upper left
hand corner of your laboratory notebook.
• Title: The Pre-lab must have a title in the top center of the lab report. The title
must briefly describe what is being investigated.
• Introduction/ Purpose: The introduction must summarize the purpose of the lab in
2 to 3 sentences.
• Procedure: Students must re-write procedures in their own words and use exact
measurements and equipment as the lab manual instructs. They may be written as
steps (bulleted or numbered.)
• Pre-Lab Questions: These questions will be provided to the student prior to the
lab. Student must answer the questions before starting the lab. Students must use
their resources available to answer the questions in its entirety.
• Data Tables: Data tables must be pre-constructed in your lab reports to collect
data during the lab. Students may not spend class/lab time drawing tables.
Post Lab requirements
• The final lab report should include all of the previous requirements and the
additional following:
• Calculations and graphs: All calculations including all the steps must be included
as part of your lab report. When necessary one must create graphs to show
relationships of variables tested. Graphs must be labeled accordingly(title, axis,
units and keys.)
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus •
•
Conclusion: Students must write a complete conclusion that includes analysis of
the results. Discussion of results from other groups must be included when
indicated to do so. They must be well written using correct terms and ideas
accurately.
Post lab questions: All labs have are accompanied by a post lab question section
that must be completed when lab reports are to be turned in to class.
Outline of topics
Chapter
Ch. One and
Two
Atoms,
Molecules and
Ions
Topics Covered
• Atomic structure
• Average atomic mass
• Isotopes
Activities/ LABS
LAB: Spectroscopy:
What Is the Relationship
Between the
Concentration of a
Solution andthe Amount
of Transmitted Light
Through the Solution?
LO 1.15 The student can
justify the selection of a
particular type of
spectroscopy to measure
properties associated
with vibrational or
electronic motions of
molecules.
*Home Learning: Ch1 Atomic Structure from AP Exam manual. Complete Multiple choice and free response questions. Quiz on Ch 1 and Ch 2
Big
Ideas
1
2
3
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Ch. Three
Chemical
Reactions
• Double Replacement,
single
replacement,
combustion,
decomposition,
combination
reactions, gas forming
• Solubility rules
• Precipitation reactions
• Acid-base reactions
• Redox reactions
• Combustion analysis
Guided Inquiry
LAB:
Spectrophotometry:
How Can Color Be
Used to Determine
the Mass Percent of
Copper in Brass?
LO 1.16 The student can
design and/or interpret the
results of an experiment
regarding the absorption of
light to determine the
concentration of an absorbing
species in a solution.
1
2
3
5
6
Chemical reaction worksheet. Students will be given word
equations and they must identify and write out the entire
balanced chemical reaction.
Quiz on Ch 3
Ch. Four
Quantitative
Information
and Chemical
Reactions
• Nomenclature
• Molar mass of
compounds
• Hydrated compounds
• Balancing equations
• Percent composition
• Excess and limiting
reagents
• Percent yield
LAB:
Gravimetric
Analysis:
What Makes Hard
Water Hard?
LO 1.19 The student can
design, and/or interpret data
from, an experiment that uses
gravimetric analysis to
determine the concentration of
an analyte in a solution.
1
3
Ch 4 problem set.
Stoichiometry Word Problem Worksheet. Given balanced
chemical equations students must determine limiting reactant
and find unknown values of the product formed.
Ch. Five
Principles of
Chemistry
Reactivity:
Energy and
Chemical
Reactions
•Energy
•Specific Heat
•First Law of
Thermodynamics
•Enthalpy and
calorimetry
•Hess’s Law
Quiz on Ch 4
Coffee Cup Calorimeter Lab
Determine enthalpy change of a basic neutralization reaction.
Ch 5 online problem set.
Ch5 Quiz
3
5
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Ch. Six
The Structure
of Atoms
Seven
The Structure
of Atoms and
Periodic
Trends
•
•
•
•
Ch. Eight
Bonding and
Molecular
Sturcture
Ch. Nine
Bonding and
Molecular
Structure:
Orbital
Hybridization
Different models
Quantum view of
atom
o Electron
Configuratio
ns Aufbau
o Hund’s Rule
o Pauli
Exclusion
Principle
Periodic Trends
o Different
trends
o Coulomb’s
Law
Photoelectron
Spectroscopy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bonding
Metallic
Ionic
Covalent
Types of energy
associated with
different
structures: bond
dissociation
energy
lattice energy
Types of
covalent bonds,
sigma, pi,
resonance
structures
Lewis Dot
Guided Inquiry LAB:
Stoichiometry: Using the
Principle That Each
Substance Has Unique
Properties to Purify a
Mixture: An Experiment
in Applying Green
Chemistry to Purification
LO 3.5 The student is
ableto design a plan in
order to collect data on
the synthesis or
decomposition of a
compound to confirm the
conservation of matter
and the law of definite
proportions.
1
5
Ch six problem Set (worksheet.)
Home Learning: Students compare periodic trends for
different elements by graphing the value for the trend to
identify the trend for each one. Students will use atomic
radius, electronegativity and ionization energy.
Ch 6 Quiz
The students are provided with Potential Energy Curves and
1
compare single, double, and triple bonds – looking for
2
patterns and investigating the strength of the different types of 5
bonds. (LO 2.17) [CR3b]
LAB: Physical and
Chemical Changes: Can
the Individual
Componentsof Quick
Ache Relief Be Used to
Resolve Consumer
Complaints?
LO 3.10 The student is
ableto evaluate the
classificationof a process
as a physical change,
chemical change, or
ambiguous change based
on both macroscopic
observations and the
distinction between
rearrangement of
covalent interactions and
noncovalent interactions.
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus •
•
•
Ch. Ten
Gases and their
Properties
•
•
•
Diagrams
Formal Charge
VSEPR Theory
Hybridization
Ch 8 and Ch9 Quiz
Ideal versus Real Chapter 10 Practice problems using ideal gas law
PV=nRT
Gas Laws
Kinetic
Mastering Chemistry Ideal Gas Tutorial
Molecular
Theory
Temperature and particle motion simulation. Students will
graph the average kinetic energy of a gas vs temperature to
determine the relationship.
1
2
3
5
Ch 10 Quiz
Ch. Eleven
Intermolecular
Forces and
Liquids
Ch. Twelve
The Chemistry
of Solids
Ch. Thirteen
Solutions and
Their Behavior
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Intermolecular
Forces London
Induced dipole –
induced dipole
Dipole – dipole
o
Bond versus
molecular
polarity
Properties of
liquids
Structures of
solids
Phase Change
Diagrams
Solution
Chemistry
Supersaturated
solutions
Saturated
solutions
Unsaturated
solutions
Guided Inquiry LAB:
Chromatography:
LO 2.10 The student can
design and interpret the
results of a separation
Sticky Question: How Do experiment (filtration,
You Separate Molecules paper chromatography,
That Are Attracted to
column chromatography,
One Another?
or distillation) in terms of
the relative strength of
Based on prior knowledge
interactions among and
of intra and intermolecular
between the components.
forces determine the best
solvent to separate
unknown dye mixture.
Guided Inquiry LAB:
Bonding in Solids:
What’s in That Bottle?
Using Chemical and
physical properties of a
substance design a
procedure to determine
whether it is ionic,
molecular or metallic.
LO 2.22 The student is
able to design or evaluate
a plan to collect and/or
interpret data needed to
deduce the type of
bonding in a sample of a
solid.
Ch 11 and 12 Practice problems and Worksheet on identifying
the intermolecular force and/ or intramolecular force.
1
2
5
6
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Ch 13 Problem set
Ch 11, 12, 13 Quiz
Ch. Nineteen
Principles of
Chemical
Reactivity:
Entropy and
Free Energy
•
•
•
•
•
Ch. Twenty
Principles of
Reactivity:
Electron
Transfer
Reactions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Spontaneous
versus nonspontaneous
(thermodynamic
ally favored
versus not
favored)
Entropy
Free Energy
Three laws of
thermodynamics
Concept of
equilibrium
Review redox
reactions
Oxidation versus
reduction
Oxidizing and
Reducing agents
Galvanic and
voltaic cells
Electrolysis
Relationships
Relating
thermodynamics
to
electrochemistry
Relating
electrochemistry
to equilibrium
via
thermodynamics
Worksheet Ch 19: Given a set of conditions, the students
determine if the situation is thermodynamically favored or not
favored by looking at entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs Free
Energy (LO 5.13)
2
5
6
Ch 19 Quiz
Worksheet: Students balance by the half-reaction method.
Students balance by oxidation number change method
LAB: Redox Titration:
How Can We Determine
the Actual Percentage of
H2O2 in a Drugstore
Bottle of Hydrogen
Peroxide?
Ch 20 Quiz
LO 3.9 The student is
able to design and/or
interpret the results of an
experiment involving a
redox titration.
3
5
6
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Ch. Fourteen
Chemical
Kinetics: The
Rates of
Chemcial
Reactions
•
•
•
•
•
•
Students complete the worksheets “Simple Rate Laws” and
Reaction rates
“Not So Simple Rate Laws” and use the given data to
Relative rates
Rate law, general determine the order of each reactant (LO 4.2) [CR3d]
form
Determination of
Guided Inquiry
LO 4.1 The student is ableto
rate law
LAB: Kinetics: Rate design and/or interpretthe
Graphical
of Reaction: How
results of an experiment
methods for
zero, first, and
Long Will That
regarding the factors (i.e.,
second order rate Marble Statue Last? temperature, concentration,
laws.
surface area) that may
Mechanisms
influence the rate of a
4
reaction.
LAB: Kinetics:
Rate Laws:
LO 4.2 The student is able to
analyze concentration vs. time
data to determine the rate law
What Is the Rate
for a zeroth-, first-, or secondLaw of the Fading of order reaction. In cases in
Crystal Violet Using which the concentration of
Beer’s Law?
any other reactants remains
essentially constant during the
course of the reaction, the
order of a reaction with
respect to a reactant
concentration can be inferred
from plots of the
concentration of reactant
versus time.
Ch. Fifteen
Principles of
Reactivity:
Chemical
•
•
Nature of
equilibrium
Equilibrium
Ch 14 Quiz
Problem Set to determine the type of equilibrium problem it is
(i.e. given K or asked to find K) and then determine the
missing values by using an ICE table. This activity focuses on
the structure of equilibrium questions. (LO 6.5) [CR3f]
6
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Equilibria
•
•
•
•
Ch. Sixteen
Principles of
Reactivity: The
Chemistry of
Acids and
Bases
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
constant
Kc and Kp
Use of ICE
tables to solve
Kc, Kp
Conversion
between Kc, Kp
Le Chatelier’s
Principle
Concepts of acid
and bases
Arrhenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis
Strength of acid
and bases
pH and pOH
Ka, Kb
Finding pH of
strong and weak
acids and bases
Auto-ionization
of water and Kw
pH of different
salts
Guided Inquiry LAB:
Equilibrium: Can We
Make the Colors of the
Rainbow? An
Application of Le
Châtelier’s Principle
LO 6.9 The student is
able to use LeChâtelier’s
principleto design a set
of conditions that will
optimize a desired
outcome, such as product
yield.
Ch 15 Quiz Guided Inquiry LAB:
Titration: How Much
Acid Is in Fruit Juice and
Soft Drinks?
Students must design an
experiment using
Titration methods to
determine concentration
of acid in fruit juice and
soft drink.
LO 1.20 The student can
design, and/or interpret
data from, an experiment
that uses titration to
determine the
concentration of an
analyte in a solution.
Chapter 16 problem Calculations using Ka and Kb equations. Using values obtained to determine pH and/ or pOH Ch 16 Quiz 6
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Ch. Seventeen
Principles of
Reactivity:
Other Aspects
of Aqueous
Equilbria
•
•
•
•
•
Acid-base
titration curves
Indications and
their roles
Common ioneffect
Buffers
Solubilty product
constant, Ksp
LAB: Acid-Base
Titration:
How Do the Structure
and the Initial
Concentration of an Acid
and a Base Influence the
pH of the Resultant
Solution During a
Titration?
LO 6.13 The student can
interpret titration data for
monoprotic or polyprotic
acids involving titration
of a weak
or strong acid by a strong
base (or a weak or strong
base by a strong acid) to
determine the
concentration of the
titrant and the pKa for a
weak acid, or the pKb for
a weak base.
LAB: Buffering Activity: LO 6.20 The student can
identify a solution as
To What Extent Do
being a buffer solution
Common Household
and explain the buffer
Products Have Buffering mechanism in terms of
Activity?
the reactions that would
occur on addition of acid
or base.
Guided Inquiry LAB:
Buffer Design:
The Preparation and
Testing of an Effective
Buffer: How Do
Components Influence a
Buffer’s pH and
Capacity?
LO 6.18 The student can
design a buffer solution
with a target pH and
buffer capacity by
selecting an appropriate
conjugate acid-base pair
and estimating the
concentrations needed to
achieve the desired
capacity.
1
3
6
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Soil Management for farming and gardening activity.
Students will receive different soil samples from different areas with different pH values. Dependent on the type of crop grown in that area they must design the most effective buffer to maintain sustainable growth. Chapter 17 problem set
Worksheet: Student will interpret charts that depict strong acid with strong base, strong acid and weak base, and strong base with weak acid. Each chart will be accompanied by guided question and calculations. Fourth Nine-­‐Weeks There will be review conducted up until the day of the exam. Tutoring sessions will be announced in January. We will review on experimental design of previous labs. AP Exam will be scheduled early May. Final Exam will be administered the last week in May. Grading Policy:
The grading system is based on weighted percentages. Each assignment will have a point value and weighed
according to the category.
(15%): Homework (Includes Mastering chemistry online assignments and other home learning assignments.)
(15%): Classwork (In class assignments that are turned in for a grade, including group assignments)
(20%): Laboratory (This includes lab attendance, pre-lab and post lab assignments)
(20%): Quizzes (This includes scheduled and pop-quizzes)
(30%): Chapter Tests (All cumulative exams at the end of each nine weeks)
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Classroom Expectations:
-All students must respect themselves, the teacher and each other.
-No disruptive behavior will be tolerated and will be dealt with accordingly with a detention or referral.
-NO Electronic Devices of Any Kind Will be allowed during lectures, quizzes and exams. The only exception is the
BYOD (bring your own device) policy during labs and group assignments.
-NO food, drink, or gum should be brought into the classroom.
-You are expected to be in class and in your assigned seat on time.
-Be prepared for class! This means all necessary materials must be brought to class each day (homework, pen, paper,
notebook etc).
-The laboratory or room must be clean at the end of the period before leaving.
-All school rules will be followed as stated in the student handbook.
-All safety rules as stated in the Science Safety Agreement must be followed.
SCIENCE DEPARTMENT AP Chemistry Syllabus Please detach and return with Safety Contract by Monday, August 25 (B day) or Tuesday
August 26 (A day)
Parent/Student Acknowledgement
I acknowledge by my signature below, that I have read and discussed the AP Chemistry
Syllabus with my parent/child.
Student Name (print) __________________________________________ Period______
Student signature
Parent Name (print)
Parent signature
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