Download Lesson 10 Assessing Breathing Models

Lesson 10 Assessing Breathing Models
Ventilation- the process of bringing oxygen to the lungs and
carbon dioxide out of the lungs (breathing)
Cellular Respiration- metabolic activity that allows you to live
Diaphragm- the thin, flattened muscle that separates the
abdomen from the rib cage
Intercostal muscles- rib muscles
Pleura- the double layered membrane that is filled with fluid that
protects the lungs
Breathing process- (see figure
10.2 on page 80)
Alveoli-
part of lung where oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange
happens. There are about 600 million in our lungs (300 million in
each lung)
Inhalation: the diaphragm contracts and moves downward which
increases the size of the chest cavity from top to bottom. The
intercostals muscles also contract to move upward and outward.
This action increases the volume of the chest cavity by enlarging
its circumference. The increase in the size of the chest cavity
reduces the air pressure in the lungs causing the walls of the
lungs to move outward. Because the air pressure is now higher
outside the lungs than onside, air rushes into the lungs through
the mouth.
Exhalation: the diaphragm and intercostals muscles relax, the
volume of the chest cavity decreases, and the internal air
pressure increases. This forces air out of the lungs.
Gas Exchange: (see figure 10.3 on page 81 )
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and
bloodstream by diffusion. Diffusion is also responsible for the
gas exchange between the cells of the body and the blood
stream. Oxygen is moved into the lungs during inhalation and
carbon dioxide is removed during exhalation. The bloodstream
carries carbon dioxide to the lungs from body cells and delivers
oxygen from the lungs to body cells.
Lesson 11- How Much Air Can You Exhale?
Tidal Volume- the total amount of air you inhale and exhale in 1
normal breath
Vital Capacity- the amount of air that you can forcibly exhale
after a deep breath
Residual Volume- the air left over in your lungs, after you have
forcibly exhaled as much as you can, after vital capacity
Total Lung Capacity- Vital Capacity plus Residual Volume
together or the amount of air your lungs can hold
Macrophages- cells that clean your respiratory tract
Smoking- increases the amount of mucus in your lungs, which
decreases surface area and in turn makes it harder to breathe
- kills macrophages
- creates an environment for bacteria to thrive
A. Which of these amounts represents the air you could forcibly
exhale after taking a deep breath? The amount of water be squeezed
from the sponge represents the air that a person could forcibly exhale.
B. Which of these amounts represents the air you could not
forcibly exhale from your lungs? The amt of air remaining in the sponge
after squeezing represents the air you could not forcibly exhale from your
lungs.
C. Which of these amounts represents the total amount of air
your lungs can hold when you take your deepest breath? The
amount of water absorbed by the sponge represents the total amount of air
that the lungs can hold.