Download dhg 241 integrated dental hygiene i

DENTAL HYGIENE PROGRAM
COURSE SYLLABUS
DHG 241
INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I
LECTURE/LAB
COURSE INSTRUCTOR
Dr. Vance Shields
[email protected]
Office Hours:
(By Appointment)
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
HORRY GEORGETOWN TECHNICAL COLLEGE
DENTAL HYGIENE PROGRAM
COURSE TITLE:
CREDIT/CONTACT HOURS:
SEQUENCE:
LENGTH:
COURSE TIME:
CLASSROOM:
INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I
0-3-1
FALL SEMESTER, SECOND YEAR
14 WEEKS
Wednesday: 1:30-4:30pm
Speir Dental Annex , Rm. 1281
& Dental Hygiene Clinic
PRE-REQUISITES:
1-3-2 DHG 239
2-9-5 DHG 175
3-0-3 MAT 101
3-0-3 PSY 201
Dental Assisting for Dental Hygienists
Clinical Dental Hygiene II
Beginning Algebra
General Psychology
CO-REQUISITES:
2-0-2 DHG
2-3-3 DHG
2-0-2 DHG
1-12-5 DHG
General & Oral Pathology
Public Health Dentistry
Dental Pharmacology
Clinical Dental Hygiene III
140
230
143
255
REQUIRED TEXT:
Bassett, Local Anesthesia for Dental Professionals, Current
Edition
REFERENCE TEXT:
Fehrenbach, Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Current Edition
CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course provides for the integration of the basic and dental hygiene sciences with current
concepts of clinical dental hygiene practice.
COURSE PURPOSE:
This course will provide the student the opportunity to establish the theory and clinical skills
necessary to establish competency in infiltration anesthesia for dental hygiene procedures.
COURSE CONTENT:
 Pain control concepts
o Local anesthesia in dentistry
o Fundamentals of pain management
o The neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of pain control
 Pharmacology of local anesthetic pain control
o Pharmacology basics
o Dental local anesthetic drugs
o Vasoconstrictors in dentistry
o Dose calculations for local anesthetic solutions
o Topical anesthetics
 Injection fundamentals
o Local anesthetic delivery devices
o Sharp’s management
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
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o Dental safety syringes and needles
o Steps of loading syringes
o Needle recapping techniques
Patient assessment for local anesthesia
o ASA physical status classification
o Stress reduction protocols
o Modifications to local anesthesia for common medical conditions
o Medical conditions and/or drug therapy requiring modifications of anesthesia
Fundamentals for administration of local anesthetic agents
Clinical Administration of local anesthesia
o Maxillary pain control
o Palatal pain control
o Mandibular pain control
o Supplemental pain control
o Troubleshooting inadequate anesthesia
o Local anesthesia complications and management
Insights for the fearful patient
COURSE OUTCOMES/OBJECTIVES:
At the completion of the lectures and the reading assignments for this course, the student will be
able to:
1.
Describe the psychology of pain management.
2.
Discuss the physiology of pain control via infiltration anesthesia.
3.
Identify the anatomic landmarks on both a skull and a patient for infiltration of various
teeth.
4.
Discuss medical emergency management associated with infiltration anesthesia.
5.
Discuss the importance of a comprehensive medical history review prior to
administering infiltration anesthesia.
6.
State conditions for which antibiotic prophylaxis is required and the current AHA
guidelines for the antibiotics.
7.
State the rationale behind the selection of a particular anesthetic agent when providing
dental hygiene care.
8.
Discuss the pharmacology of the various anesthetics utilized for infiltration anesthesia.
9.
Calculate the maximal safe dose of each local anesthetic agent and vasoconstrictor for
various patients.
10.
Calculate the anesthetic and vasoconstrictor dose utilized during various patient
scenarios.
11.
Discuss the difference between block and infiltration anesthesia.
12.
Define and demonstrate the appropriate injection techniques.
13.
Assemble, disassemble, and properly maintain the armamentarium required for the
administration of local anesthetics.
14.
Identify the local complications that may result from the administration of anesthetic
agents and the proper management of these complications.
15.
Recognize and assist in the management of systemic complications that may result from
the administration of local anesthetics.
TEACHING METHODS:
Lectures, audiovisual presentations, case studies, clinical demonstrations, coordinated with
laboratory/clinical practice in infiltration anesthesia.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
LINKED CORE ABILITIES:
1.
Reading – textbook assignments and handouts
2.
Listening – note-taking
3.
Writing – completing essay and short answer test questions
5.
Problem solving/Critical thinking skills – recognition of anatomical landmarks in
infiltration anesthesia, calculating dosage requirements, etc.
INSTRUCTOR COMMUNICATION:
Students are to check Wavenet at least weekly for messages via their e-mail accounts or other
message boards that are available. Rather than the instructor making individual phone calls,
students will be informed of necessary information via the Internet and their Wavenet accounts.
The course syllabus and the handouts for each lecture will be uploaded to your Wavenet or D2L
accounts. Students are to bring the handout to class. The instructor WILL NOT have extra
copies of the handout available at the lecture.
STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES:
Take ownership and responsibility for one’s learning.

Students must have the understanding that all course material
cannot be covered during lecture/laboratory time.

Show respect for others.

Engage in classroom activities.

Exhibit respect for college property.

Show respect for authority.

Realize and understand the College’s Student Code of Conduct
Please refer to Program Manual for further explanation of Student Responsibilities.
ATTENDANCE:
ATTENDANCE IS MANDATORY. Attendance will be taken at the beginning of each class.
If a student is not present when attendance is taken, they will be counted absent even if they
show up late.
CELL PHONES ARE NOT ALLOWED IN THE CLASSROOM. They may be kept in your
purse/bookbag, but MUST be turned off during lecture or lab. The only exception is if you have
a sick family member that you must stay in contact with.
In the event of a serious illness that exceeds the 10% policy (for this class, it will be a total of 5
hours), a credible excuse must be presented that states the reason for the absence and the length
of time the student must be away from class. There are no excused or unexcused absences. Any
time out is an absence, no matter the excuse.
For each absence, the student MUST call the course instructor prior to the scheduled class time.
Personal appointments MUST be scheduled outside of class time.
For any absence, the student is responsible for the material covered in class.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
MAKE-UP POLICY:
Students are expected to be present for all tests. Make-up exams will be provided only in those
exceptional cases where the student is able to provide clear and convincing evidence of a severe
illness or emergency.
The burden of proof rests with the student requesting the make-up exam. If the student has an
exceptional circumstance and is going to miss an exam, the student must call the course
instructor before the class meets. The final decision on whether or not to allow a make-up exam
is at the professor’s discretion.
Should the student be given the opportunity to take a make-up exam, IT MUST BE THE DAY
THAT THE STUDENT RETURNS TO SCHOOL. If the student wishes to take their written
test at the testing center, an appointment must be made with the testing center. Appointments
MUST be made 24 hours in advance. The testing center will not accept same day appointments.
It is the student’s responsibility to make the appointment and inform the instructor of the
appointment time. This means the student must contact the Testing Center the day
before returning to school to take the test within the required time frame as
previously stated.
Missed points on all make-up exams will be deducted from 92% instead of 100%; therefore, the
highest possible grade on a make-up exam will be 92%.
REMEDIATION/ENRICHMENT
In order to keep the student on track and assist with maintenance of the required grade point
average and course academic requirements for the Dental Sciences Department, the faculty will
be tracking assignments and test grades. If any assignments/grades fall below a 77 (“C”), the
student will be referred to the course instructor or the SSTC (Student Success and Technology
Center) for guidance and assistance.
ASSESSMENT MEASURES:
Course Requirements:
1. In order to receive a passing grade for the course, the student must achieve a “C” or
higher in both the clinical and the theory components of DHG 241.
Grading Scale:
93-100
A
85-92
B
77-84
C
76-69
D
68 or below F
2. The numerical course average will be determined according to the following:
DIDACTIC
Quizzes
Tests
Final Exam
60%
30%
40%
30%
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
CLINICAL
40%
2 required “practice” injections
2 clinical competency injections
20% each
30% each
STUDENTS WHO DO NOT MEET THE MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR THE COURSE
WILL NOT BE ALLOWED TO PROGRESS IN THE DENTAL HYGIENE PROGRAM.
REQUIRED SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT:
Provided by the Program:
 Sterile packs, saliva ejectors and air/water tips
 Aspirating syringe and needle
 Various topical anesthetics
 Various injectable anesthetics
 Portable oxygen delivery unit
 Medical emergency kit
 Autoclave, infection control materials
 Skull
Provided by the Student: (THESE WILL BE REQUIRED EACH TIME YOU ARE IN
LAB)
 Blood pressure kit (you will take vital signs prior to each injection)
 Exam kit (Mirror and explorer)
 Protective eyewear, gloves, masks, and lab coat (HAIR MUST BE UP AND NO
JEWELRY)
 Calculator
 Completed medical history and record of treatment page
PREPARATION REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE:
1.
Make sure you have a completed medical health history for yourself. Throughout the
course, you and your partner will anesthetize each other.
2.
Revalidate your foundation knowledge of the following:
 Major features of the maxilla and the mandible
 Muscle of mastication
 Major divisions and the functional endpoint innervations of Cranial Nerves VII and
IX
 Major features associated with the mandibular and maxillary divisions of the
Trigeminal nerve, Cranial Nerve V
 Major blood vessels that supply the oral cavity and facial muscles
 Major salivary glands, ducts and site of entry into the oral cavity
 Gingival divisions: free gingiva, attached gingival, mucogingival junction
 CPR techniques
 Know the etiology, precipitating factors and signs/symptoms for the following
medical emergencies:
o Syncope
o Acute adrenal insufficiency
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
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o Hyperventilation
o Acute asthmatic attack
o Emphysema
o Airway obstruction
o Seizures
o Diabetic emergencies
o Stroke
o Myocardial infarct
o Angina pectoris
o Anaphylaxis
Know the appropriate management of the medical emergencies listed above.
STUDENT REQUIREMENTS THROUGHOUT THE COURSE:
1.
Arrive on time and be prepared.
2.
Keep up with the weekly readings.
3.
Know answers to the objectives at the beginning of each chapter.
4.
Know answers to end-of-chapter questions.
5.
Bring any questions to the next class for discussion.
6.
Have all appropriate equipment for lab days.
NOTE 1:
Grades earned in courses impact academic progression and financial aid status.
Before withdrawing from a course, be sure to talk with your instructor and
financial aid counselor about the implications of that course of action. D’s, F’s
W’s, WF’s and I’s also negatively impact academic progression and financial aid
status.
The ADD/DROP Period is the first 5 days of the semester for full term classes.
ADD/DROP periods are shorter for accelerated format courses. The following
week of the semester is Financial Aid Attendance Verification period. You must
attend at least one meeting of all your classes during that period. If you
do not, you will be dropped from the course(s) and your Financial Aid will be
reduced accordingly.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
COURSE CALENDAR (Subject to change)
DATE
8-21-13
Lecture
8-28-13
Lecture
9-4-13
Lab
9-11-13
Lecture
9-18-13
Lecture
9-25-13
Lab
10-2-13
Lecture
10-9-13
Lecture
TOPIC
COURSE INTRODUCTION
Pre-Test – Anatomical Landmarks
History of Local Anesthetics
Pain Management
Neuroanatomy
QUIZ 1
Review Neuroanatomy & Neurophysiology
Pharmacology
Dental Anesthetic Drugs (Lidocaine, Mepivacaine)
TEST 1
Construct Needle Recapping Device
Review OSHA/CDC Guidelines
Armamentarium & Loading
Sharp’s Disposal
QUIZ 2
Dental Anesthetic Drugs cont’d.
Vasoconstrictors
QUIZ 3
Review Dental Anesthetic Drugs
Review Vasoconstrictors
Dose Calculation
Topical Anesthetics
Practice Injections
Applying Topicals
Maxillary Infiltration
Review Palatal Infiltration
TEST 2
Review Dose Calculation and Topical Anesthetics
Patient Assessment
Medical History Review
Contraindications
Trouble Shooting Inadequate Anesthesia
QUIZ 4
Review Patient Assessment, et. al.
Local Anesthesia Complications & Management
Mandibular Arch Infiltration
Fundamentals for Local Anesthetic Administration
Mandibular Arch Infiltration
Review Chap. 1-10
Review for Lab Competency
QUIZ 5
Nitrous Oxide Sedation
COMPREHENSIVE LAB COMPETENCY
MAXILLARY ANESTHESIA
COMPREHENSIVE LAB COMPETENCY
MANDIBULAR ANESTHESIA
NO CLASS THANKSGIVING
10-16-13
Lab
10-23-13
Lecture
11-6-13
Lecture
11-13-13
Lab
11-20-13
Lab
11-27-13
12-4-13
TBA
COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM
Lab days are highlighted in yellow
DEV. 8/03
ASD
REV. 8/12
VS/ASD
ASSIGNMENT
Chap. 1-3
Chap. 4-5
Chap. 9
Chap. 5-6
Chap. 5-6
(Review)
Chap. 7-8
Chap. 12-13
Chap. 7-8
(Review)
Chap. 10 & 16
Chap. 10 & 16
(Review)
Chap. 17 & 14
Chap. 11
Handouts
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
LECTURE OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of the lectures and the reading assignments, the student will be
able to:
Local Anesthesia in Dentistry: Past, Present, and Future
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
List early pharmacological agents used for pain.
3.
Discuss problems with the use of cocaine as a local anesthetic drug.
4.
Discuss the benefit of using epinephrine with local anesthetic drugs.
5.
Discuss the significance of the local anesthetic agent procaine.
6.
List the names and dates of development of the five common local anesthetic drugs in
dentistry.
7.
Discuss the evolution of syringes for delivery of local anesthetics.
8.
Discuss future advances in dental local anesthesia.
Fundamentals of Pain Management
1.
Define and discuss the key terms of the chapter.
2.
Discuss the value of pain as a protective response.
3.
Discuss factors that can contribute to an individual’s response to a painful experience.
4.
Discuss the tree general types of pain.
5.
Differentiate between acute and chronic pain.
6.
Explain the differences between pain perception and nociception.
7.
discuss the physiological reactions of the sympathetic nervous system related to pain.
8.
Discuss anxiety and fear as they relate to successful anesthesia.
9.
Give examples of strategies that can help patients cope with fear and anxiety.
10.
Discuss the influence of previous pain experiences on the ability to administer local
anesthetic injections.
The Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology of Pain Control
1.
Define and discuss the key terms of the chapter.
2.
Explain the normal mechanisms of nerve impulse generation and conduction.
3.
Define the events in successful nerve impulse generation, including the resting state,
slow depolarization, firing threshold, rapid depolarization, and recovery.
4.
Describe and explain the significance of Schwann cell sheaths and nodes of Ranvier on
the ability of local anesthetic agents to work.
5.
Describe the significance of the anatomical differences between sensory and motor
neurons.
6.
Identify and discuss the different types of nerve fibers, the differences in how they relate
to pain perception, and be familiar with those that normally transmit pain sensations
from dental and periodontal structures.
7.
Differentiate anatomically and functionally between myelinated and unmyelinated
nerves.
8.
Discuss what is meant by anatomic barriers to the diffusion of anesthetic solutions and
those that present the greatest challenges to diffusion.
9.
Define the term dental plexus and describe where these structures are located.
10.
Discuss the actions and effects of local anesthetic drugs on neural membranes.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
Pharmacology Basics
1.
Define the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Discuss the pharmacologic properties of local anesthetic drugs and vasoconstrictors.
3.
Discuss the specific receptor theory and membrane expansion theory.
4.
Explain why tissue inflammation affects the success of local anesthesia.
5.
Discuss the clinical relevance of pH and pKa.
6.
Discuss the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of local anesthetic drugs.
7.
Discuss the effects of local anesthetics on the central nervous system.
8.
Discuss the effects of local anesthetics on the cardiovascular system.
9.
Discuss the biotransformation pathways of amides and esters and the concept of
elimination half-life.
Dental Local Anesthetic Drugs
1.
Define and discuss the key terms of the chapter.
2.
Discuss similarities and differences between dental local anesthetic drugs.
3.
Apply this knowledge to clinical situations in which the choice of local anesthetic and/or
vasoconstrictor may directly affect safety and success.
4.
Discuss and determine some situations in which specific drugs are indicated or
contraindicated.
5.
Discuss which local anesthetic solutions work reasonably well without vasoconstrictors
and why they are more effective in those clinical situations.
6.
Discuss when and why solutions with epinephrine and levonordefrin are indicated or
contraindicated.
Vasoconstrictors in Dentistry
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Discuss the overall similarities and differences among vasoconstrictors.
3.
Discuss clinical situations in which the choice of vasoconstrictor may directly affect
anesthetic success.
4.
Discuss and determine situations in which specific vasoconstrictors may be indicated or
contraindicated.
5.
Discuss the difference in potency between epinephrine and levonordefrin.
Dose Calculations for Local Anesthetic Solutions
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Define and discuss the significance of the maximum recommended doses for each local
anesthetic drug and vasoconstrictor.
3.
Identify and discuss the relevant information and mathematical operations required to
calculate drug doses.
4.
Demonstrate accurate calculations of recommended doses for local anesthetic drugs and
vasoconstrictors in clinical situations.
5.
Demonstrate accurate calculations of recommended doses when multiple drugs with
differing concentrations are administered.
6.
Define dose modification for vasoconstrictors in patients with significant cardiovascular
compromise.
7.
Demonstrate accurate calculations of recommended doses for local anesthetic drugs and
vasoconstrictors for patients with significant cardiovascular compromise.
8.
Demonstrate accurate calculation of recommended doses for children using Clark’s Rule
and Young’s rule.
9.
List maximum recommended doses for each local anesthetic drug and vasoconstrictor.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
Topical Anesthetics
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in this chapter.
2.
Discuss the clinical applications of topical anesthetic drugs.
3.
Discuss the most common methods of application.
4.
Understand the concept of indications and contraindications of topical anesthetic drugs.
5.
Discuss maximum recommended doses when provided by manufacturers and safe
application habits when they are not provided.
6.
Describe and recognize the signs and symptoms of adverse topical anesthetic drug
reactions, both local and systemic.
7.
Define and discuss eutectic mixtures including factors that determine their effectiveness.
8.
Discuss what is meant by compounded drugs and proper guidelines for their use.
Local Anesthetic Delivery Devices
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
List and explain the purpose of each item in the basic armamentarium for anesthetic
injections.
3.
List and discuss the different types of syringes available for local injections.
4.
Identify and explain the function of each component of a local anesthetic syringe.
5.
Identify the components of a needle.
6.
Discuss the factors to consider when selecting needles.
7.
Describe the components of a local anesthetic cartridge.
8.
List and describe the purpose of the contents in a cartridge.
9.
Identify local anesthesia cartridges according to the ADA labeling system.
10.
Discuss and demonstrate safe needle recapping and disposal procedures.
Patient Assessment for Local Anesthesia
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Identify and discuss the responsibilities associated with the delivery of regional
anesthesia.
3.
Describe the ASA Physical Status Classification System categories.
4.
Discuss patient assessment tools for evaluation of physical and psychological tolerance
to local anesthesia.
5.
Discuss the implications of patient evaluation in obtaining informed consent.
6.
Identify and apply contraindications to the use of local anesthesia.
7.
Discuss treatment modifications that can e made to increase patient safety and comfort
with local anesthesia.
8.
Discuss situations that require a medical consultation prior to treatment.
9.
Identify signs and symptoms of undiagnosed medical conditions that can affect local
anesthetic administration.
10.
Discuss the importance of postanesthetic care.
Fundamentals for Administration of Local Anesthetic Agents
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Identify and discuss key factors that impact the successful delivery of local anesthetic
agents.
3.
Identify and discuss the general principles and elements of informed consent.
4.
Identify and discuss stress and anxiety factors that impact both patients and clinicians
during the delivery of local anesthetic injections.
5.
Discuss the impact of clinician/patient communications before, during, and after the
delivery of local anesthetic injections.
6.
Differentiate between the three basic types of injections.
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
7.
8.
List and describe the basic steps involved in the delivery of local anesthetic injections.
Identify and discuss the general principles of ergonomics during the delivery of local
anesthetic injections.
Injections for Maxillary Pain Control
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Describe and discuss the indications, relevant anatomy, and technique features of the
injections discussed in this chapter.
3.
Describe the basic technique steps for safe and effective administration for the following
injections:
 Infiltrations
 Anterior superior alveolar nerve block
 Middle superior alveolar nerve block
 Infraorbital nerve block
 Posterior superior alveolar nerve block
Injections for Palatal Pain Control
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in this chapter.
2.
Describe and discuss the indications, relevant anatomy, and technique features of the
injections discussed in this chapter.
3.
Describe the basic technique steps for safe and effective administration of the following
injections:
 Nasopalatine nerve block
 Palatal anterior superior alveolar nerve block
 Anterior middle superior alveolar nerve block
 Greater palatine nerve block
Injections for Mandibular Pain Control
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in this chapter.
2.
Describe and discuss the indications, relevant anatomy, and technique features of the
injections discussed in this chapter.
3.
Describe the basic technique steps for safe and effective administration for the following
injections:
 Inferior alveolar nerve block
 Lingual nerve block
 Buccal nerve block
 Mental nerve block
 Incisive nerve block
 Gow-Gates mandibular nerve block
 Akinosi nerve block
Injections for Supplemental Pain Control
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Describe and discuss the indications, relevant anatomy, and technique features of the
injections discussed in this chapter.
3.
Describe the basic technique steps for safe and effective administration for the following
injections:
 Periodontal ligament
 Intraosseous
DHG 241 INTEGRATED DENTAL HYGIENE I 2013
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Intraseptal
Intrapulpal
Troubleshooting Inadequate Anesthesia
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Discuss the primary reasons for inadequate local anesthesia.
3.
Understand the physiologic and anatomic basis of inadequate anesthesia.
4.
Develop critical thinking skills to help overcome frustrating anesthetic challenges.
5.
Develop strategies for addressing inadequate anesthesia.
Local Anesthesia Complications and Management
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Discuss the most common adverse local and systemic events that may occur during and
after local anesthetic drug administration.
3.
Discuss appropriate responses and management of adverse local and systemic events.
4.
Discuss protocols for the management of overdose and allergic events.
5.
Define isiosyncratic events and discuss their management.
Insights for the Fearful Patient
1.
Define and discuss the key terms in the chapter.
2.
Define and differentiate between the terms fear, anxiety, and phobia.
3.
Understand the etiology and development of fear as it relates to pain and pain
management.
4.
Understand the primary sources for recognizing and assessing fears.
5.
Understand and discuss the fundamental concepts of treatment for fearful and anxious
patients.
6.
Be able to relate a patient’s sense of control to his or her experienced level of fear or
anxiety.
7.
Explain four useful types of control for anxious patients receiving injections.
8.
Be familiar with teach patients physical relaxation and coping skills, including deep
breathing and muscle relaxation.
9.
Be able to apply appropriate fear management strategies and coping skills to the
administration of local anesthetics.
10.
Understand and be prepared to explain the benefit of rehearsals, time structuring, and
biofeedback to fearful patients.
11.
Understand and be prepared to explain the benefit of rehearsals, time structuring, and
biofeedback to fearful patients.
12.
Describe benefits and techniques for testing local anesthetic effectiveness.
13.
List and describe the steps involved in the protocol for anesthetic testing.
Insights from Pedodontics
1.
Define and discuss key terms in the chapter.
2.
Apply the principles of local anesthetic drug toxicity to compute safe doses for pediatric
patients based on body weight.
3.
Relate effective anesthesia to the management of pediatric behavior.
4.
Provide age-appropriate explanations of the local anesthesia experience for pediatric
patients.
5.
Describe injection technique modifications for small children.
6.
Recognize and manage postanesthetic trauma.
7.
Understand the supportive role of the dental auxiliary in successful anesthesia delivery
for children.