Download Science Final Review by Teacher Olivia

Science Final Review
by Teacher Olivia
Chapter 5: Land and Water
Lesson #1: Earth’s Land
Vocabulary
Landform: different shapes of Earth’s land
Mountain: high
Hill: short
Plain: flat and wide
Valley: low land between mountains
3 layers of Earth
Crust: Earth’s outer layer.
Mantle: Earth’s middle layer.
Core: Earth’s deepest and hottest layer.
Earth Layers
There are _____ main layers inside Earth?
Which layer can people live? __________
Which layer has hot lava? ________
Which layer is the thinnest? __________
Which layer is the thickest? __________
Which layer has two parts? __________
What are these two part? 1) ___ 2) _____
Map & Globe
• Map: flat
- shows where land and water are on Earth.
• Globe: sphere / ball
- It is a model of Earth.
- It is a map of Earth in the shape of a sphere or ball.
Continents & Oceans
Continent: Big piece of lands
Island: small piece of lands
* Both Continents & Islands are surrounded by
oceans/water.
Continents
1. Africa
2. Antarctica
3. Asia
4. Australia
5. Europe
6. North America
7. South America
Oceans
1. Arctic Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Pacific Ocean
5. Southern Ocean
Science Final Review
Ch.5/lesson #2: Earth’s Water
Vocabulary
Fresh Water: water that is not salty
- found in lakes, ponds, rivers & streams
Ocean: A large body of salt water.
- where you found most of Earth’s water
- Ocean covers ¾ of Earth
• Most living things can only drinks ___________
• Can people drink ocean water? ( Yes/No )
Why is water important?
All living things need water to live & survive
Human
Animals
Plants
- drink
- drink
- grow and stay
- wash hands
- clean dishes
- swim
- wash body
- live/home
health
- make their own food
Human vs. Earth
Human Body
Earth
- ¾ of Earth is covered by
ocean / water
- human body consist 70% of water
Science Final Review
Ch.5/lesson #3: Changes on Earth
Vocabulary
Earthquake: A shake in Earth’s crust.
- can cause great damages
- change the shape of land quickly
Volcano: an opening in Earth’s mantle and
crust.
- change the shape of land quickly
- A very hot, thick liquid (lava) comes
out  turn into solid rocks after it
cools down.
Vocabulary
Flood: water that flows over land and cannot
easily soak into the ground.
- When a lot of rain falls quickly
- Change the shape of land quickly
-
People build houses on stilts to keep them safe from flood
Landslide.: sudden movement of soil from
higher to lower ground
- Change the shape of land quickly
- Heavy rain and melting snow can
cause landslides.
Slow changes on Earth
Water
- Fast moving water can wear away rock
- water (warm weather)  ice (cold weather)
can cause the rocks to crack open
Wind
- Strong winds blow sands and carry away soil.
- The surface of the land or rock changes shape.
•
•
weathering- things like rock or wood changes its shape or color over time
condition (rain, sun, wind)
Erosion- gradual removal rock or soil by river, sea or weather.
Science Final Review
Chapter 6: Earth’s Resources
Lesson #1: Rocks and Minerals
Vocabulary
Natural resource: material from Earth that
people use in daily life. (which ones are living vs nonliving?)
Water
Animals
rocks
air
plants
Rocks
nonliving part of Earth
most rocks are hard
Inukshuk
have different shapes, sizes, color and
textures (how you feel)
cover the surface of Earth
found from top of a mountain, to below
city streets, grass, soil and the bottom of
the ocean
people use rocks as tools
made of one or more minerals
Minerals
Bits of rock and soil that help plants and
animals grow.
a nonliving part of Earth.
make the rocks shine and sparkle.
formed in the ground million years ago.
Uses of Minerals:
Graphite
magnetite
fluorite
turquoise
Rocks vs. Minerals
Same: - nonliving parts of Earth
- formed in the ground over millions of year
Different:
Rocks
- tools
Minerals
- nutrients for plants to grow
- make rocks shine
Science Final Review
Ch.6/lesson #2: Soil
Soil
a mix of tiny rocks and bits of dead plants and animals.
allow plants to grow.
silt- tiny pieces of broken rock in soil.
have different colors and textures
clay soil
topsoil
sandy soil
darker color
lighter color
(holds more water)
where plants grow best
How is soil form?
Over time, rocks and minerals break
down into smaller pieces.
Decompose: when plants and animals die
( the dead body parts begins to rot away  decompose)
mushrooms  help break down the dead plants
Nutrient that were once in living things
become part of the soil.
( nutrients  make the soil healthy for the plants)
How is soil form?
compost pile-
a mix of soil and parts of rotting
plants and animals.
- show how things decompose in the
soil.
* topsoil: best for growing plants
has mushrooms
has rotting plant and animal parts
* subsoil: beneath topsoil
Clips
one Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgRt5iZDFwg
layers of the Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AAITe0MImY
Earthquake http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJKAPa61ttQ
Volcano http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xen2gvb8feY&feature=related
Rocks and soils http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCGrXtdSv2c&feature=related
How to make a compose pile http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAMy_ZJ0Xa8
Study Hard & Good Luck