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Parts of the Predicate: Transitive, Intransitive, and Linking Verbs
As you know, the predicate of the sentence is where the action occurs. It is
where the verb is found. Verbs are classified as Transitive or Intransitive.
1. A Transitive Verb requires an object, a noun, to complete its meaning. The
object of a transitive verb is affected, however slightly, by whatever the verb
expresses:
Example - Mrs. Kaplan teaches sophomore literature. [The object sophomore
literature is taught.
Example – The students read novels. [The object novels are read]
In the two examples above, literature and novels are the direct objects of the
transitive verbs teaches and reads.
TRY IT! Look through your writing selections and find an example of a sentence
that has a transitive verb. Copy the sentence below drawing a line from the VT to the
DO.
2. An Intransitive Verb makes an assertion without requiring any object.
Example – The Yankees lost.
Example – Andy Pettite pitched poorly on Friday.
TRY IT! Look through your writing selections and find an example of a sentence
that has an intransitive verb. Copy the sentence below.
3. A Linking Verb, a special kind of intransitive verb, is one, which connects the
subject to a noun, pronoun, or adjective in the predicate.
Example – Evan is going to Vassar College. [ is going connects Evan to Vassar
College].
Example – Evan has been wait listed at Harvard College. [ has been connects Evan
to wait listed]
The most frequently used linking verb is to be. Other commonly used linking
verbs are become, seem, look, feel, get, and appear.
TRY IT - Look through one of your writing selections to find an example of a
sentence that uses a linking verb. Copy it in the space below drawing a line from the
verb to the noun it links.
Independent and Subordinate Clauses: Recognition of Prepositions and
Subordinating Conjunctions
As you know, an independent clause is a Sentence. A subordinate clause is a
dependent phrase or a fragment that is dependent on a missing subject. These
fragments are often part of a prepositional or subordinating clause.
Prepositions and subordinating conjunctions can be distinguished from each
other by what follows them and by the fact that there are a limited number of
subordinating conjunctions.
Prepositions:
Subordinating Conjunctions:
in
by
for
beneath
because of
in spite of
considering
aboard
except
than
as
if
why
how
although
because
inasmuch as
provided that
where
that
than
as
1. A preposition is followed by a nominal (noun, pronoun, gerund phrase, or
noun clause).
Example Because the grammar lesson was confusing [because is a subordinating
conjunction introducing the subordinate clause which is dependent on the
subject of the sentence, the students were distraught.
TRY IT! Write the complete sentence below with proper punctuation.
Example Before the lesson began [before is a subordinating conjunction introducing the
subordinate clause the lesson began which is dependent on the subject of the
sentence, the students took out their writing selections.
TRY IT! Write the complete sentence below with the proper punctuation.
2. Before, after, since, as, until are both preposition and subordinating
conjunction depending on what follows:
Example –
Since this unit began [subordinating conjunction dependent on a subject]
Since the students were preparing for the SAT exam [prepositional conjunction
dependent on a subject
TRY IT! Write two complete sentences using each of each of the clauses above.
TRY IT! Look through your writing selections, circling all the prepositional and
subordinating conjunctions. Then, make sure they are punctuated correctly. Copy
them in the space provided.