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- Assyria’s military power and well-organized government helped it build a vast empire in Mesopotamia by 650 BC. - Lived in the northern Mesopotamia near the Tigris River - Built a strong army to defend their land from invaders who wanted their fertile land MILITARY - well-organized - foot soldiers, bows and arrows, chariot riders, horseback, battering rams - FIRST TO USE IRON WEAPONS!! Learned how to make iron stronger from the Hittites (lived in modern day Turkey) -Ferocious warriors = burned down cities and took people and their goods. -Anyone who resisted was moved into a foreign land and replaced w/others who were forced to pay taxes GOVERNMENT = - Empire was divided in provinces (political districts) - Each province had an official to govern it - The officials collected taxes and enforced the king’s laws Canadian Provinces ASSYRIAN LIFE/CONTRIBUTIONS - Similar to other Mesopotamians with writing, religion and laws - Great builders - World’s first library was built in Nineveh FALL OF ASSYRIA - Many rebellions and fights over who would be the next king, which weakened the empire. - Chaldeans rebelled and captured the Assyrian capital, which led to the fall of the Assyrian Empire. THE CHALDEANS (“BABYLON PART 2”) - Led by King Neb, they controlled all of Mesopotamia - Rebuilt the city of Babylon as the center of their empire - CITY OF BABYLON = - Babylon became one of the richest cities in the world. - Babylon was a major trade route and became VERY rich from trade - King Neb, built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, which could be seen from any point in the city. He built them for his wife who missed the plants and mountains of her homeland Reconstructed Ishtar Gate in Babylon, Iraq Reconstructed Ishtar Gate in Berlin, Germany at the Berlin Museum CHALDEAN LIFE/CONTRIBUTIONS = Babylon was a center of science = astronomers studied the heavenly bodies. Made one of the first sundials First to have a seven day week FALL OF CHALDEAN EMPIRE = - Found it hard to control the people they conquered - Persians from the mountains to the northeast captured Babylon and Mesopotamia became part of the Persian Empire.