Download agustiniano ciudad salitre school science area circulation in living

AGUSTINIANO CIUDAD SALITRE SCHOOL
SCIENCE AREA
CIRCULATION IN LIVING THINGS
KEY WORDS
Read the words into the box and write their meaning in Spanish/English in your notebook. Next fill in the blanks.
phloem sap
xylem
Perform
phloem sap
distributed
pump
singlecelled
clotting
diffusion
capillarity
Woody Exchange
diffusing
arterial
deliver
vessels crude sap
venous
outside
absorption
Wastes photosynthesis
ventricle
transportation
removed
blood lymph
injury
Living things must be capable of transporting nutrients, ____________________ and gases to and from cells. ____________________
organisms use their cell surface as a point of ____________________ with the ____________________ environment. Multicellular
organisms have developed transport and circulatory systems to ____________________ oxygen and food to cells and remove carbon
dioxide and metabolic wastes.
Circulation is the process by which are ____________________ and ____________________ to all the cells of an organism
nutrients and oxygen that allows them to get the energy they need; also by this process the waste substances produced there such as
carbon dioxide, water vapor and nitrogen compounds are removed.
CELL CIRCULATION
In both unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms the process of transporting nutrients and oxygen is also
____________________. When these substances have passed through the cell membrane they are distributed in the cell through
movements of the cytoplasm and cyclosis. Cyclosis is a movement of cytoplasm through a central vacuole which distributes
substances throughout the cell.
CIRCULATION IN PLANTS
Like other living things, plants perform vital functions that allow them to grow, develop and reproduce. Circulation is also a vital process
for plants. In the inferior plants (bryophytes), circulation takes place by ____________________ and ____________________. The
superior plants (tracheophytes) need to ensure water consumption, for this reason they have ____________________ and
____________________ tissues of water and nutrients. These tissues are ____________________ and ____________________
through them the____________________ flows, a mixture of organic and inorganic substances, consisting of water, salts, sugars,
amino acids and hormones.
Xylem is ____________________, with dead specialized cells that form joined conducting vessels. It transports the
____________________ ____________________, composed of dissolved water and mineral salts, absorbed by the roots; it rises and
reaches the parts of the plant where photosynthesis takes place.
Phloem is formed by living cells interconnected by holes. It transports the ____________________ ____________________ resulting
from the process of ____________________, composed by substances produced in metabolism, which descend through holes in the
phloem and it is distributed throughout the plant.
CIRCULATION IN ANIMALS
It is necessary that nutrients and oxygen will be distributed to all cells in the body, while waste products must be
____________________ through the circulation process. To make this process, animals have circulatory systems from very simple like
sponges to very complex like mammals.
The circulation in animals can be classified into:
Open circulation: The open circulatory system is common to mollusks and arthropods. Open circulatory systems (evolved in
crustaceans, insects, mollusks and other invertebrates) ____________________ blood into a hemocoel with the blood
____________________ back to the circulatory system between cells. Blood is pumped by a heart into the body cavities, where
tissues are surrounded by the blood.
Closed Circulation: Vertebrates, and a few invertebrates, have a closed circulatory system. Closed circulatory systems have the blood
closed at all times within vessels of different size and wall thickness. In this type of system, blood is pumped by a heart through
vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities.
Single Circulation: occurs when blood is pumped by the heart once. It occurs in fish.
Double circulation: the oxygenated blood reaches the heart from the lungs, and then is pumped to all organs of the body and back
again to the heart, but now with carbon dioxide; the heart sends it back to the lungs. It occurs in birds, amphibians, reptiles and
mammals.
Incomplete Circulation: ____________________ blood mixes with ____________________; this is because there is only one
____________________. It comes in reptiles.
Complete circulation: transporting oxygenated blood through the arteries and it is not mixed with venous blood. It occurs in birds and
mammals.
CIRCULATION IN HUMANS
In the human body, as in other vertebrates, there are some tissues that are liquid: the ____________________ and
____________________; this feature allows them to flow and communicating cells, tissues and organs throughout the body. These
fluids circulate through: the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The main responsible of transporting substances among different parts of the body, for this reason, it is in contact with other systems
such as the digestive system, excretory system, nervous system, respiratory system and the endocrine system.
Besides transporting substances, it helps to regulate body temperature, is involved in defending the body and is responsible for blood
____________________ in the case of an ____________________. The structure of the cardiovascular system is "designed" to
perform all these functions, because of it combines the action of the heart, which pumps blood through blood vessels, into all body
cells.