Download W.Y.S.I.W.Y.G (What You See Is What You`ll Get) Unit 3: Energy Part

W.Y.S.I.W.Y.G
(What You See Is What You’ll Get)
Unit 3: Energy
Part 1: Types of Energy and Energy Conversions
Vocabulary
Energy
Elastic potential energy
Kinetic energy
Gravitational potential energy
Law of conservation of energy
Potential energy
Energy conversion
Major Concepts
 Energy is the ability to cause change or do work.
 Energy cannot be touched, and has no mass or volume.
 Energy is measured in units called Joules (J).
 One way to classify energy is by type (kinetic vs. potential).
 Kinetic energy is the energy of moving objects, and depends on the mass
of the objects and how fast they are going.
 Potential energy is energy that is not currently being used, but is stored. There are
multiple ways to store energy.
 Gravitational potential energy depends on the mass of an object, and how far it is
off the ground.
 The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed, but can only be changed from one form to
another or transferred to a new object.
Formulas
 Kinetic energy = ½ mass x velocity2
 Gravitational potential energy = mass x 9.8 m/s2 x height
 Gravitational potential energy = weight x height
Part 2: Forms of Energy and Energy Conversions
Vocabulary
Mechanical energy
Electromagnetic energy
Chemical energy
Nuclear energy
Electrical energy
Thermal energy
Sound Energy
Major Concepts
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Another way to classify energy is based on form. There are some forms of energy
that could overlap with the types.
Energy can be converted from one form to another.
Nearly all energy conversions, at some point, involve friction converting some of the
energy into thermal energy, or heat.
Part 3: Thermal Energy and Energy Transfer
Vocabulary
Thermal Energy
Celsius
Insulator
Temperature
Kelvin
Conductor
Heat
Absolute zero
Convection
Fahrenheit
Conduction
Radiation
Major Concepts
 Thermal energy depends on both the movement AND number of atoms and
molecules in the sample.
 Temperature only depends on the movement of atoms and molecules in a
sample.
 There are three main temperature scales (Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin).
o Both Celsius and Kelvin are considered metric scales, and their
measurements are the same distance apart, but the Kelvin scale has
no negatives.
 Absolute zero is the temperature at which all movement of atoms and molecules
stops.
 Heat is the name for the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another.
 Thermal energy can be transferred directly from one object to another when they
touch (conduction), through fluids like water and air (convection), and by giving off
a special type of wave (radiation).
 The transfer of thermal energy only happens from warmer objects to cooler
objects.
 Materials that are good at transferring thermal energy, like metals, are called
conductors.
 Materials that are bad at transferring thermal energy, like cloth
and wood, are called insulators.
S8P2. Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of energy.
a) Explain energy transformation in terms of the Law of Conservation of Energy.
b) Explain the relationship between potential and kinetic energy.
c) Compare and contrast the different forms of energy (heat, light, electricity, mechanical
motion, sound) and their characteristics.
d) Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by the collisions of
atoms(conduction) or through space (radiation). In a liquid or gas, currents will facilitate the
transfer of heat (convection)