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Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman Preface This volume contains the Instructor誷 Manual and Test Bank accompanying Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, Third Edition, by Robert W. Bauman. The Instructor誷 Manual is organized into these sections for every chapter: • • • • • Chapter Outline Detailed Chapter Summary Answers to In-Chapter Critical Thinking Questions Answers to Clinical Case Studies Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions The Test Bank consists of approximately 1800 multiple-choice, matching, true/false, fill-in-the-blank, short-answer, and essay questions, each tagged with a corresponding section title from the textbook as well as with a Bloom誷 taxonomy ranking (Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, or Analysis). Below is a list of media resources available to you as an adopter of Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy. Contact your local Pearson representative if you would like to order any additional supplements. To locate the representative nearest you, visit www.pearsonhighered.com/replocator or call 1-800-922-0579. Using MasteringMicrobiology™ with Your Textbook Ask your Pearson representative for a demonstration of MasteringMicrobiology or take a tour (www.masteringmicrobiology.com). 1. Assign and assess with MasteringMicrobiology. MasteringMicrobiology will help you maximize class time with customizable, easy-to-assign, and automatically graded assessments. Many assessments have built-in feedback to help guide your students to the correct answer. You can then easily export grades to a course management system or spreadsheet. MasteringMicrobiology includes the following powerful online tools: • Pre-lecture reading quizzes to make sure your students read the textbook before coming to class • Post-lecture quizzes to check students’ understanding • MicroFlix™ and BioFlix™ quizzes and activities to give students practice with 3-D movie-quality animations • Microbe Reviews to help students identify some of the microbes in each chapter Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman • Microbiology Animation quizzes to ensure students have mastered the toughest topics in microbiology • Pre-lab quizzes to better prepare students for lab • Post-lab quizzes to check that your lab objectives were met • Get Ready for Microbiology quizzes to enable your students to come to your course prepared • Test Bank items to test every chapter section A list of MicroFlix and BioFlix topics follows, organized by chapter: Chapter 5 7 16 Chapter 3 7 12 12 MicroFlix Title Metabolism DNA Replication Immunology BioFlix Title Tour of an Animal Cell Protein Synthesis Mitosis Meiosis A list of Microbiology Animation topics follows, organized by chapter: Chapter Microbiology Animation Title 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Motility Flagella: Structure Flagella: Movement Flagella: Arrangement Spirochetes Membrane Structure Membrane Permeability Passive Transport: Principles of Diffusion Passive Transport: Special Types of Diffusion Active Transport: Overview Active Transport: Types 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Microscopy and Staining: Overview Light Microscopy Electron Microscopy Staining Dichotomous Keys: Overview Dichotomous Keys: Sample with Flowchart Dichotomous Keys: Practice 5 5 5 5 Metabolism: Overview Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Enzymes: Overview Enzyme: Steps in a Reaction Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Chapter Enzymes: Competitive Inhibition Enzymes: Non-competitive Inhibition Glycolysis: Overview Glycolysis: Steps Fermentation Krebs Cycle: Overview Krebs Cycle: Steps Electron Transport Chain: Overview Electron Transport Chain: The Process Electron Transport Chain: Factors Affecting ATP Yield Microbiology Animation Title 5 Photosynthesis: Overview 5 Photosynthesis: Comparing Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes 5 Photosynthesis: Light Reaction: Cyclic Photophosphorylation 5 Photosynthesis: Light Reaction: Noncyclic Photophosphorylation 5 Photosynthesis: Light Independent Reaction 5 Metabolism: Big Picture 6 6 6 Bacterial Growth: Overview Bacterial Growth Curve Binary Fission 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 DNA Replication: Overview DNA Replication: Forming the Replication Fork DNA Replication: Replication Proteins DNA Replication: Synthesis Mutagens Mutations: Types Mutations: Repair Transcription: Overview Transcription: The Process Translation: Overview Translation: Genetic Code Translation: The Process Operons: Overview Operons: Induction Operons: Repression Horizontal Gene Transfer: Overview Transformation Transduction: Generalized Transduction Transduction: Specialized Transduction Conjugation: Overview Conjugation: F Factor Conjugation: Hfr Conjugation Conjugation: Chromosome Mapping Transposons: Overview Transposons: Insertion Sequences Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman 7 Transposons: Complex Transposons 8 8 8 8 PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction: Overview PCR: Components PCR: The Process Recombinant DNA Technology 10 10 10 Chemotherapeutic Agents: Modes of Action Antibiotic Resistance: Origins of Resistance Antibiotic Resistance: Forms of Resistance 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 Prions: Overview Prions: Characteristics Prions: Diseases Viral Replication Overview Viral Replication: Virulent Bacteriophages Viral Replication: Temperate Bacteriophages Viral Replication: Animal Viruses Chapter Microbiology Animation Title 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Epidemiology: Occurrence of Disease Epidemiology: Overview Epidemiology: Transmission of Disease Virulence Factors: Exotoxins Virulence Factors: Endotoxins Virulence Factors: Penetrating Host Tissues Virulence Factors: Hiding from Host Defenses Virulence Factors: Inactivating Host Defenses Virulence Factors: Enteric Pathogens Nosocomial Infections: Overview Nosocomial Infections: Prevention 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Host Defenses: Overview Inflammation: Overview Inflammation: Steps Phagocytosis: Overview Phagocytosis: Mechanism Phagocytosis: Microbes that Evade it Complement System: Overview Complement System: Activation Complement System: Results 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 Antigen Processing and Presentation: Overview Antigen Processing and Presentation: Steps Antigen Processing and Presentation: MHC Humoral Immunity: Overview Humoral Immunity: Clonal Selection and Expansion Humoral Immunity: Antibody Function Humoral Immunity: Primary Immune Response Humoral Immunity: Secondary Immune Response Cell-Mediated Immunity: Overview Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman 16 16 16 Cell-Mediated Immunity: Helper T Cells Cell-Mediated Immunity: Cytotoxic T Cells Host Defenses: The Big Picture 17 17 Vaccines: Function Vaccines: Types 2. Encourage your students to use the Study Area in MasteringMicrobiology. They誰l find extensive self-study tools there, including: • Three-Step Chapter Guide that takes students through these simple steps: Pre-Test, Learn & Practice, and Test Yourself • Get Ready for Microbiology that helps students quickly prepare for their microbiology course, featuring pre- and post-tests with instant feedback, personalized study plans, animations, activities, tutorials, and an eText with live links • Chapter Pre-Tests to help students assess prior knowledge and/or pre-conceptions of topics relevant to the chapter at hand before students read the chapter • Chapter Post-Tests to help students assess their comprehension of the chapter after they have read it • Practice Quizzes裮ultiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, and true/false裻 o help students master chapter topics • Concept Maps to help students practice building maps to organize concepts in a meaningful, visual way • Microbe Reviews that feature full-color micrographs from the textbook and allow students to review the characteristics of individual microbes • MicroFlix 3-D movie-quality animations on the three tough topics of metabolism, DNA replication, and immunology • BioFlix 3-D movie-quality animations on basic topics in general biology • Microbiology Animations with Quizzes to help students master the toughest topics in microbiology, via interactive, animated tutorials • Microbiology Videos featuring live-action videos of microorganisms, illustrating microbial structures and motility • MP3 Tutor Sessions mini-lectures on tough topics, including audio quizzes, that students can download for study on the go • Flashcards to help students review key terms and concepts from the text • Glossary allowing students to check the definition of bolded terms in the book • Micro on the Web including relevant microbiology websites with RSS Feeds from WHO Disease Outbreak Tracking, CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, and Microbe World • Emerging Diseases links to allow students to follow current information on emerging diseases. Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman • Careers, providing useful information about working in a microbiology-related field; basic research, applied research, and health professions are covered • Scientific American Quizzes to help students check their understanding of articles in the Current Issues in Microbiology magazine by Scientific American. • Pearson eText that provides the complete text of Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy, Third Edition, in online electronic format Other Instructor Media Resources Instructor Resource DVD/CD-ROM 0-321-67737-4 The Instructor Resource DVD/CD-ROM offers a wealth of instructor media resources, including presentation art, lecture outlines, test items, and answer keys補ll in one convenient location. These resources help instructors prepare for class補nd create dynamic lectures裪n half the time! The IRDVD/CD-ROM includes: • All figures from the book with and without labels in both JPEG and PowerPoint® formats • All figures from the book with the Label Edit feature in PowerPoint format • Select 襭rocess” figures from the book with the Step Edit feature in PowerPoint format • All tables from the book • MicroFlix™ and BioFlix™ Animations, Microbiology Animations, and Microbiology Videos • PowerPoint lecture outlines, including figures and tables from the book and links to the animations • PRS-enabled Active Lecture Clicker Questions • PRS-enabled Quiz Show Clicker Questions • PDF files of Transparency Acetate masters • The Instructor誷 Manual as editable Microsoft® Word files • The Test Bank as editable Microsoft® Word files • The Test Bank in TestGen® format All materials available on the Instructor Resource DVD/CD-ROM are also available in the Instructor Resources area of MasteringMicrobiology. For more information about MasteringMicrobiology, see page v. Biological Agents of Disease/HIV Slide Set for Microbiology 0-8053-7671-2 This slide set contains 100 clinical photos of microorganisms and pathologies, all from sources other than the text. CourseCompass™ Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman 0-321-67811-7 (Student Access Kit 0-321-68272-6) CourseCompass is a nationally hosted online course management system that offers pre-loaded, book-specific content including testing and assessment, weblinks, illustrations, and photos. Visit www.coursecompass.com for a demonstration and more information about CourseCompass. Blackboard and WebCT Pre-loaded book-specific content and test items files accompanying the text are available in open-access Blackboard and open-access WebCT formats. Contact your local Pearson sales representative for more information. Updates to the Third Edition The third edition of Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy has been extensively revised to present the most up-to-date coverage possible. Below is a list of new and updated content, boxes, figures, and photos you誰l find in this edition. Chapter 1 • New New Frontiers box: The Challenge of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases Chapter 2 • Coverage of newly discovered 21st and 22nd amino acids has been added. • New Highlight box: Architecture-Preserving Bacteria Chapter 3 • Coverage of endospores has been added. • Discussion of eukaryotic flagella and cilia has been reorganized to emphasize that these structures are internal to the cytoplasmic membrane. • Coverage has been added of new discoveries concerning cell structure and function. Two examples follow: 1. Some prokaryotic cytoskeletons are contractile, allowing nonflagellated cells that possess them to be motile. 2. The cytoplasmic membrane is not uniform and fluid, but rather contains regions with unique lipid and protein molecules called 襩 ipid rafts.” Chapter 4 • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Studying Biofilms on Stromatolites Chapter 5 • New art to illustrate relationships of catabolism, anabolism, ATP-ADP energy cycle, use of nutrients, precursor metabolites, and macromolecules. Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman • Rearranged alternatives to Embden-Meyerhof glycolysis for greater clarity and better pedagogy • Clarified definitions of aerobic respiration versus anaerobic respiration versus fermentation in text, figures, and critical thinking questions • Upgraded nineteen figures for greater clarity and better pedagogy • Simplified longer figure legends, at request of reviewers • Added critical thinking question regarding photsynthesis • New 褺eneficial Microbes” box on gold-mining bacteria Chapter 6 • Presents new hyperthermophile record holder, Geogemma, formerly called strain 121 • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Hydrogen-Loving Microbes in Yellowstone誷 Hot Springs • New New Frontiers box: A Nuclear-Waste-Eating Microbe? Chapter 7 • Text has been updated and rewritten to better distinguish bacterial genetics and eukaryotic genetics. • Includes new research indicating that sigma factor of RNA polymerase does not necessarily disengage during transcription • Covers newly discovered codons for 21st and 22nd amino acids • Covers actions of topoisomerase and gyrase • Artwork has been updated to reflect changes in our understanding of molecular biology. For example, where possible, enzyme shapes are based upon actual 3-D profiles as revealed by X-ray crystallography. • Coverage has been added of quorum sensing as it relates to genetic control in infection. • Coverage has been added of regulation of genetic expression補ntisense RNA, RNA interference (RNAi), riboswitches. • The overwhelming nature of horizontal gene transfer among prokaryotes is discussed. • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Could Studying a Bacterial Genome Result in New Treatments for Acne? • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: RNA Interference Chapter 8 • Added coverage of using recombinant DNA technology to produce antisense nucleic acid molecules • Added coverage of DNA microarrays • Added coverage of new recombinant crops, including potato-blight resistant potatoes • Three new figures • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Unlocking the Secrets of Candida albicans • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Could Bacteria Help Decaffeinate Coffee? Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman Chapter 10 • Added discussion of use of RNA interference (RNAi) and antisense nucleic acid as antimicrobial therapy • Figure 10.3 has been revised • Updated and revised tables of antimicrobials • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Monoclonal Antibodies to the Rescue? Chapter 11 • New photos of bacteria and Archaea • Coverage of new hyperthermophile record holder袵eogemma (襰train 121”) • New Highlight box: From Cyanobacteria to Bats to Brain Disease? • New Highlight box: Streptomyces and the European Beewolf Chapter 12 • Updated algal, fungal, protozoan, water mold, and slime mold taxonomy • New photos for fungal hyphae and for dimorphic fungi • New fungal life cycle artwork to more clearly delineate nuclear states • Clarified cyst-trophozoite conversion for intestinal protozoa Chapter 13 • Updated viral nomenclature to correspond to changes approved by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; for example, herpes simplex viruses are officially known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 • New TEMs of viruses • New New Frontiers box: The Threat of Avian Influenza Chapter 14 • Incidence and prevalence figure redrawn to reflect actual AIDS data in the United States Chapter 15 • Revised to clarify the structures and processes of innate immunity, including coverage of toll-like receptors, antimicrobial peptides, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) • Includes latest discoveries in iron usage among pathogenic bacteria • Clarified artwork and discussion of pathways of complement activation • Clarified that cells and fluid move from venules during dilation and inflammation Chapter 16 • Updated coverage of adaptive immunity to reflect new discoveries and enhance accuracy and clarity; for example, added coverage of direct killing of bacteria by antibodies via ozone production • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: How do Viruses Thwart the Immune System? Chapter 17 Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman • Updated vaccination schedules and incidence of preventable diseases in the United States Chapter 19 • New Highlight box: Botulism in Alaska • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum Chapter 20 • Added coverage of Burkholderia, which is a major pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients and can be an important agent in the bioremediation of many long-lived organic contaminants • New Highlight box: The Mystery of Tularemia on Martha誷 Vineyard • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on Neisseria gonorrhoea and Escherichia coli Chapter 21 • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on Treponema pallidum pallidum and Helicobacter pylori Chapter 22 • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on Aspergillus and Giardia intestinalis Chapter 23 • Updated treatment and prevention of parasitic diseases, including use of the antimalarial drug artemisinin • Vectors in life cycle drawings are now life size. • Updated the malaria map • New Highlight box: Baghdad Boil • New Highlight box: Snail Fever Returns to China • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on Giardia intestinalis and Plasmodium falciparum Chapter 24 • Updated incidence, treatment, and prevention for DNA viral diseases • New Highlight box: Monkeypox • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on smallpox and adenovirus Chapter 25 • Updated coverage of SARS, West Nile encephalitis, rotaviral diarrhea, AIDS, and Marburg hemorrhagic fever • Updated incidence, treatment, and prevention for RNA viral diseases • New Applying Molecular Techniques box: Sequencing the SARS Virus • New Highlight box: AIDS and Tuberculosis • New Microbe-at-a-Glance features on HIV and influenzavirus Chapter 26 • Added anammox reactions to nitrogen cycle Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-microbiology-with-diseases-by-taxonomy-with-masteringmicrobiology-3rdedition-bauman Send Us Your Feedback We hope that you find the Instructor誷 Manual and Test Bank useful, and we welcome your comments and feedback! Please write to us at the following address: Robert W. Bauman c/o Applied Sciences Pearson Benjamin Cummings 1301 Sansome Street San Francisco, CA 94111