Download HIV receptors are not found on the other cell types.

CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson • Reece
17
Viruses
Questions prepared by
Brad Stith, University of Colorado Denver
Christopher Gregg, Louisiana State University
Louise Paquin, McDaniel College
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is a property of life shared by
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, but not viruses?
A. nucleic acids used to store hereditary information
B. order and complexity in arrangement of biological
molecules
C. the ability to process energy through metabolic
reactions
D. the capacity to evolve
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is a property of life shared by
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, but not viruses?
A. nucleic acids used to store hereditary information
B. order and complexity in arrangement of biological
molecules
C. the ability to process energy through metabolic
reactions
D. the capacity to evolve
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?
A. Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome.
B. The virus-host relationship usually lasts for
generations.
C. A large number of phages are released at a time.
D. Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are
produced.
E. The viral genome replicates without destroying the
host.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?
A. Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome.
B. The virus-host relationship usually lasts for
generations.
C. A large number of phages are released at a time.
D. Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are
produced.
E. The viral genome replicates without destroying the
host.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in
retroviruses?
A. It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA.
B. It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA.
C. It uses viral RNA as a template for making
complementary RNA strands.
D. It translates viral RNA into proteins.
E. It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA
synthesis.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in
retroviruses?
A. It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA.
B. It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA.
C. It uses viral RNA as a template for making
complementary RNA strands.
D. It translates viral RNA into proteins.
E. It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA
synthesis.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why are viruses referred to as obligate parasites?
A. They use the host cell to reproduce.
B. Viral DNA always inserts itself into host DNA.
C. They invariably kill any cell they infect.
D. They can incorporate nucleic acids from other
viruses.
E. They must use enzymes encoded by the virus
itself.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why are viruses referred to as obligate parasites?
A. They use the host cell to reproduce.
B. Viral DNA always inserts itself into host DNA.
C. They invariably kill any cell they infect.
D. They can incorporate nucleic acids from other
viruses.
E. They must use enzymes encoded by the virus
itself.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following molecules make up the viral
envelope?
A. viral glycoproteins
B. capsid
C. phospholipids from human host cell
membrane
D. membrane proteins from human host cell
E. viral DNA
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following molecules make up the viral
envelope?
A. viral glycoproteins
B. capsid
C. phospholipids from human host cell
membrane
D. membrane proteins from human host cell
E. viral DNA
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
You have isolated viral particles from a patient, but you
are not sure whether they are adenoviruses or influenza
viruses. The presence of which class of biological
molecules would allow you to distinguish between the
two types of virus?
A. RNA
B. phospholipids
C. proteins
D. glycoproteins
E. DNA
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
You have isolated viral particles from a patient, but you
are not sure whether they are adenoviruses or influenza
viruses. The presence of which class of biological
molecules would allow you to distinguish between the
two types of virus?
A. RNA
B. phospholipids
C. proteins
D. glycoproteins
E. DNA
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The HIV virus attacks only a certain type of white
blood cells, and not other cell types. Why?
A. HIV receptors are not found on the other cell
types.
B. Reverse transcriptase cannot transcribe RNA
to DNA.
C. Viral mRNA cannot be transcribed from the
integrated provirus.
D. Viruses cannot bud from the host cell.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The HIV virus attacks only a certain type of white
blood cells, and not other cell types. Why?
A. HIV receptors are not found on the other cell
types.
B. Reverse transcriptase cannot transcribe RNA
to DNA.
C. Viral mRNA cannot be transcribed from the
integrated provirus.
D. Viruses cannot bud from the host cell.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Bacteriophages were grown in a medium containing
radioactive sulfur (35S) and radioactive phosphorous
(32P), which are incorporated into proteins and DNA,
respectively. If these phages were used to infect a
bacterial culture, which isotope would be detected
within the infected bacteria?
A.
35S
B.
32P
C. Both
D. neither
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Bacteriophages were grown in a medium containing
radioactive sulfur (35S) and radioactive phosphorous
(32P), which are incorporated into proteins and DNA,
respectively. If these phages were used to infect a
bacterial culture, which isotope would be detected
within the infected bacteria?
A.
35S
B.
32P
C. Both
D. neither
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
AZT is a nucleoside analog used to treat HIV
infections. It is a modified nucleoside. Which step
does AZT hamper in the reproductive cycle of the
HIV virus?
A. entry into the cell
B. synthesis of DNA from RNA catalyzed by
reverse transcription
C. transcription of RNA from proviral DNA
D. viral assembly within the cell
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
AZT is a nucleoside analog used to treat HIV
infections. It is a modified nucleoside. Which step
does AZT hamper in the reproductive cycle of the
HIV virus?
A. entry into the cell
B. synthesis of DNA from RNA catalyzed by
reverse transcription
C. transcription of RNA from proviral DNA
D. viral assembly within the cell
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following most likely describes the vertical
transmission of a plant virus?
A. The plant shows symptoms of disease after being
grazed on by herbivores.
B. Sap from one plant is rubbed on the leaves of a second
plant; both plants eventually show disease symptoms.
C. Seeds are planted and reared under protected
conditions, but mature plants show disease
symptoms.
D. After a gardener prunes several plants with the same
shears, they all show disease symptoms.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following most likely describes the vertical
transmission of a plant virus?
A. The plant shows symptoms of disease after being
grazed on by herbivores.
B. Sap from one plant is rubbed on the leaves of a second
plant; both plants eventually show disease symptoms.
C. Seeds are planted and reared under protected
conditions, but mature plants show disease
symptoms.
D. After a gardener prunes several plants with the same
shears, they all show disease symptoms.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.