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Chapter 2 TEST REVIEW World History Astrolabe- Device used to measure the angle of the stars above the horizon— for navigational latitude Caravel- Ship that has square and triangular sails Cartographer- a map maker Circumnavigate- to sail around the world Sepoy- Indian troop fighting for Britain or France Line of Demarcation- Set up by Pope Alexander VI, divided new world, Spain got land west and Portugal East of the line Matrilineal- Inheritance through the mother Scurvy- Disease sailors got when they did not have enough vitamin C Padi- Fields in Asia like a Rice Padi Out Post- Distant port of stopping off place, controlled by another country Stupa- Dome shaped Buddhist temple Hermit Kingdom- Korea was known as this because of Isolationism Jacques Cartier- French explorer, explored the St. Lawrence Seaway Henry Hudson- Dutch explorer, explored Hudson Bay and the Hudson River, was set adrift after a mutiny Matteo Ricci- Jesuit missionary went to China tried to convert Chinese to Christianity Why did European Rulers encourage ocean exploration? To find new trade routes What country led the early part of the age of exploration? Portugal Great Britain dominated trade in what country from the late 1700s through the 1900s? India Who was the Khmer empire influenced by? India How did Portugal gain control of trade in Southeast Asia? Through the use of military force Who did Portugal lose control of trade routes in the Indian Ocean to in the 1600’s? the Dutch India and China influenced the development of what area of Asia? Southeast Asia What policies did the Ming and Qing dynasties follow regarding trade? Restricted trade to certain times How did Prince Henry change the course of Portugal’s history? Encouraged exploration set up school for sailing and navigation Who controlled Vietnam? China most of the time Who took over the spice trade from the Portuguese? The Dutch How was Korea similar to China? Because China controlled it, same culture, government etc. Under the Tokugawa shoguns what was trade like in Japan? Allowed trade at first then refused to allow it. Afonso de Albuquerque- Portuguese Admiral conquered trade routes to India Ferdinand Magellan- Credited with the first circumnavigation of the earth, died before the task was compete but his crew made it back Christopher Columbus- Italian navigator sailed west to find a route to the Spice Islands, failed, but is credited with discovering the “New World” Henry the Navigator- Portuguese Prince, set up school for sailors, and encouraged exploration Trung Trac- Helped to drive the Chinese out of Vietnam in 39A.D. Vasco Da Gama- First Portuguese explorer to sail around Africa to India Bartholomeu Dias- First Portuguese explorer to sail to the tip of Africa Trung Sisters- Sisters in Vietnam that helped drive out the Chinese in 39A.D. Vasco de Balboa- Spanish explorer, first to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas, hacked his way through the Panamanian jungle Suryavarman II- King of Khmer that built the temple complex at Angor Wat in Southeast Asia Robert Clive- Agent of the British East India Company that drove the French out of India along with the help of the British Army and Sepoy’s Manchu’s- Invaders in China from the North that controlled China and set up the Qing dynasty John Cabot- British explorer, found rich fishing grounds off of Newfoundland in Canada Anawrata- King of Pagan in Southeast Asia Emperor Kangxi- Chinese Qing Emperor, spread Chinese culture throughout Asia and ruled for 61 years Emperor Qianlong- Chinese Qing Emperor, grandson of Kangxi, increased the size of China, ruled for 60 years and retired so he did not rule longer than his grandfather Francis Xavier- Jesuit priest that went to Japan helped convert around 300,000 Japanese to Christianity