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Transcript
Photo: ESA MERCURY DISTANCE FROM SUN 38.98 million miles DAY TEMP. Up to 800ºC. NIGHT TEMP. Down to -290ºC CHALLENGE QUESTION Why is it impossible for water to exist on Mercury? Photo: ESA SURFACE Craters and smooth plains like our moon. GRAVITY Only 38% strong as the Earth’s. This means you could jump three times as high as you do on Earth! CHALLENGE QUESTION Why is there no weather system on Mercury? VENUS DISTANCE FROM SUN 67.24 million miles SURFACE TEMP. Up to 480ºC. SURFACE Volcanoes, mountains and craters under acidic clouds GRAVITY 91% strong as the Earth’s. It’s very similar to Earth! DAY LENGTH 243 Earth days equal one day on Venus CHALLENGE QUESTION How much would you weigh on Venus? Photo: ESA CHALLENGE QUESTION What makes Venus the hottest planet in our solar system? EARTH SURFACE Mountains, valleys, oceans, deserts, plains, forests and polar caps DISTANCE FROM SUN 92.96 million miles CORE Nickel-iron, magnetic. MOONS Just one! All other planets have more than one. WATER 70% of Earth is covered in water. CHALLENGE QUESTION How can we protect our atmosphere? Photo: NASA CHALLENGE QUESTION How does Earth’s core protect us against solar winds? MARS DISTANCE FROM SUN 141.6 million miles SURFACE Mountains, canyons, deserts and polar caps GRAVITY Only 38% strong as the Earth’s. Which planet has the same gravity as Mars? YEAR LENGTH 687 Earth days WATER Ice has been found under Mars’s polar caps. CHALLENGE QUESTION How many seasons does Mars have? Why? Photo: NASA CHALLENGE QUESTION How high is Olympus Mons, the biggest mountain in our solar system? JUPITER DISTANCE FROM SUN 483.8 million miles SURFACE No solid surface, it’s a giant ball of gas. YEAR LENGTH 12 Earth years. ATMOSPHERE A unique cloud layer gives Jupiter its strange marbled appearance. Photo: ESA GRAVITY 2.4 times stronger than Earth’s. CHALLENGE QUESTION What are Jupiter’s cloud layers made from? CHALLENGE QUESTION What is the Giant Red Spot and what is happening to it? SATURN DISTANCE FROM SUN 888.2 million miles SURFACE Ball of helium and hydrogen DAY LENGTH 10.7 Earth hours ATMOSPHERE Made from ammonia, giving Saturn its yellow appearance Photo: ESA RINGS 7 rings, each rotating around Saturn CHALLENGE QUESTION Which of Saturn’s moons might have life on it? CHALLENGE QUESTION What about Saturn’s rings allows us to see them with a telescope? URANUS DISTANCE FROM SUN 1.784 billion miles SURFACE Ice giant with a rock and iron core DAY LENGTH 17.24 Earth hours SEASONS Two seasons, each lasting 42 Earth years Photo: NASA RINGS 13 faint rings, which are perpendicular to the sun CHALLENGE QUESTION What is special about Uranus’s orbit around the Sun? CHALLENGE QUESTION What gives Uranus its pale blue colour? NEPTUNE DISTANCE FROM SUN 2.795 billion miles YEAR LENGTH 165 Earth years WINDY Supersonic winds are 9 times stronger than winds on Earth. Photo: NASA SURFACE Ice giant made from water, ammonia and methane hydrogen CHALLENGE QUESTION How long was Neptune’s longest storm on record? RINGS 6 faint rings made from dust and debris CHALLENGE QUESTION When was Neptune discovered and why did it take so long?
