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Mix and Match Human Body Systems MRS GREN Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Excretion, Nutrition Tendon Tissue that connects muscle to bone Ligament Tissue that connects bone to bone Antagonistic pair Example: biceps and triceps muscles Antagonistic pair Muscles that work together, so that when one contracts the other relax. Functions of muscles Movement, posture, joint stability, heat production Hinge joint Example: knee and elbow Ball and socket joint Example: shoulder and hip Functions of the skeleton Protection of organs, movement, support, muscle attachment, breathing, making blood cells, sound transmission and growth Bones of the arm Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges Bones of the leg Femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges Ingestion Process of getting food into the body Incisors Sharp, chisel shaped front teeth for cutting Canines Pointed teeth for holding and tearing Molars Flat teeth for grinding Stomach Part of the digestive system that contains acid Enamel Hard substance on the outside of a tooth Plaque Film of bacteria that grows over teeth causing decay Duodenum (first part of small intestine) Responsible for most of the chemical digestion Sites of excretion Lungs, skin and kidneys Excretion Removal of waste products from blood Blood cells that carry oxygen Red blood cells Blood cells that fight infections White blood cells Carried by blood Oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, hormones, wastes Blood vessels that take blood to the heart Veins Blood vessels that take blood away from the heart Arteries Very small blood vessels Capillaries Plasma Yellowish fluid in blood in which other cells float First chamber of the heart that blood enters from the body Right atrium Chamber that blood leaves the heart from to go to the body Left ventricle Blood vessel that leaves the heart to take blood to the lungs Pulmonary artery Blood vessels of the heart Cardiac arteries Part of the lung where gas exchange occurs Alveoli Tube that carries air from the mouth to the lungs Trachea Gas exchange The swapping of carbon dioxide for oxygen Gamete Sex cell, for example, eggs and sperm Oestrogen Hormone produced by the ovaries Testosterone Hormone produced by the testes Zygote Cell produced when male and female gametes fuse Ovulation Release of an egg from the ovary Menstruation Shedding of the blood lining of the uterus Fallopian tube Site of fertilisation Uterus Place where the embryo develops to a baby Testes Make sperm Epididymis Stores sperm Placenta Also called afterbirth, this helps support the developing foetus Umbilical cord Connections between the baby and the mother Male changes at puberty Pubic and facial hair grow, sex organs enlarge, voice deepens, bones and muscles get larger Female changes at puberty Pubic hair develops, hips widen, breasts develop, menstrual cycle starts Fertilisation The whereby the sperm and egg fuse Mix and Match Human Body Systems MRS GREN Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Excretion, Nutrition Carried by blood Oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, hormones, wastes Tendon Tissue that connects muscle to bone Blood vessels that take blood to the heart Veins Ligament Tissue that connects bone to bone Blood vessels that take blood away from the heart Arteries Antagonistic pair Example: biceps and triceps muscles Very small blood vessels Capillaries Antagonistic pair Muscles that work together, so that when one contracts the other relax. Plasma Yellowish fluid in blood in which other cells float Functions of muscles Movement, posture, joint stability, heat production First chamber of the heart that blood enters from the body Right atrium Hinge joint Example: knee and elbow Chamber that blood leaves the heart from to go to the body Left ventricle Ball and socket joint Example: shoulder and hip Blood vessel that leaves the heart to take blood to the lungs Pulmonary artery Functions of the skeleton Protection of organs, movement, support, muscle attachment, breathing, making blood cells, sound transmission and growth Blood vessels of the heart Cardiac arteries Bones of the arm Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges Part of the lung where gas exchange occurs Alveoli Bones of the leg Femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges Tube that carries air from the mouth to the lungs Trachea Ingestion Process of getting food into the body Gas exchange The swapping of carbon dioxide for water Incisors Sharp, chisel shaped front teeth for cutting Gamete Sex cell, for example, eggs and sperm Canines Pointed teeth for holding and tearing Oestrogen Hormone produced by the ovaries Molars Flat teeth for grinding Testosterone Hormone produced by the testes Stomach Part of the digestive system that contains acid Zygote Cell produced when male and female gametes fuse Enamel Hard substance on the outside of a tooth Ovulation Release of an egg from the ovary Plaque Film of bacteria that grows over teeth causing decay Menstruation Shedding of the blood lining of the uterus Duodenum (first part of small intestine) Responsible for most of the chemical digestion Fallopian tube Site of fertilisation Sites of excretion Lungs, skin and kidneys Uterus Place where the embryo develops to a baby Excretion Removal of waste products from blood Testes Make sperm Blood cells that carry oxygen Red blood cells Epididymis Stores sperm Blood cells that fight infections White blood cells Placenta Also called afterbirth, this helps support the developing foetus Fertilisation When the sperm and egg fuse Umbilical cord Connections between the baby and the mother Female changes at puberty Pubic hair develops, hips widen, breasts develop, menstrual cycle starts Male changes at puberty Pubic and facial hair grow, sex organs enlarge, voice deepens, bones and muscles get larger
