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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Humans have the largest brain of all animals The brain sends information through the central nervous system Everything you remember from the past is stored in your brain The brain, nervous system, and spinal cord control all of your body functions Short term, long term memory, ancestral, and eidetic are the four types of memory The spinal cord connects to all of your muscles and tells you when to move The brain is folded so that it can fit in your skull and store a lot of information The brain is protected by the hard bones of your skull Information is stored and interpreted in the brain An MRI uses magnets and radio waves to take pictures of the brain The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body The brain does not grow new cells even if they have been damaged The cortex is the part of your brain that controls your speech THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Your lungs rely on muscles in order to work Your lungs have as much surface area as the area of a tennis court Your lungs are not the same size The diaphragm is a muscle that works with your lungs to help you breathe Your lungs are full of air sacs or passages called alveoli It's important to exercise every day to have enough energy Cigarettes affect your lungs by depositing soot and tar THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The chemicals from food we eat combine with oxygen to fuel our bodies Eating healthy food gives you energy Your stomach is the first place your food goes when you eat The stomach has muscles to squeeze or break up food The acid in your stomach work slowly as it breaks down People drink about 3 liters of water a day After the food leaves the stomach and goes to the small intestine Can take up to two days for food to go through your body Peristalsis is the muscles in the throat pushing food down The process of digestion begins with the mouth The pyloric valve opens to let food go through from the stomach into the small intestine The small intestine is over 7 meters long THE CIRCULATORY/CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Your heart beats so that it can pump blood to your entire body Your heart is about the same size as your fist Capillaries are very small blood vessels next to every cell in your body Your blood carries all the nutrients to your bones Your bodies use blood to transport oxygen, food, and waste When your feet fall asleep it's because your blood vessels and nerves are squeezed The left and right side of your heart send blood to different places In your blood vessels you have both red and white blood cells Everyday your body makes 200 billion new red blood Normally there's 5 liters of blood in your body There are two numbers that go with blood pressure When you're exercising it takes blood about ten seconds to get through your body The three types of blood vessels are arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries take blood away, veins bring it back, and capillaries connect the two Your heart can pump 7000 liters a day Sometimes when you stand up the blood from your head to goes into your body, making you feel dizzy