Download 2a - Clinton Public Schools

Physical Science Objective Booklet
2a. Identify patterns found in chemical symbols, formulas, reactions, and equations that apply to the law of
conservation of mass.
1. Write balanced chemical equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Label reactants & products.
2. Define the law of conservation of mass and explain how it is applied in balancing chemical equations.
3. Explain how to write a chemical formula. Write the chemical formulas of table salt, water, glucose, oxygen gas,
carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen gas.
4. What does a subscript depict in a chemical formula?
5. Explain the difference between a chemical and physical change. Give 2 examples of each.
6. Oxygen is involved in various chemical reactions. Give examples of chemical reactions involving slow oxidation
and fast oxidation.
7. Draw a periodic table and label the following: alkali metals, transition metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens,
noble gases, period number, and group number.
8. Describe what can be determined from each of the following.
a. Period number:
b. Group number:
c. Atomic number:
d. Atomic mass:
e. Oxidation number:
9. Differ between the reactants and products of a chemical reaction.
10. Periodic table
a. Give properties of each, list examples of each, predict what each would form bonds with, and give the
number of valence electrons.
i. Group 1: Alkali metals
vi. Group 15
ii. Group 2: Alkaline Earth
vii. Group 16
iii. Group 3-12: Transition
viii. Group 17: Halogens
iv. Group 13
ix. Group 18: Noble Gases
v. Group 14
11. What element is found in all organic compounds?
12. What 3 elements make up a carbohydrate?
2b. Predict the properties and interactions of given elements using the periodic table of chemical elements.
1. List and explain three types of chemical bonds that exist between elements to form compounds.
2. List 4 properties of metals, nonmetals, & metalloid. Give an ex. of each. Outline their location on the periodic
table?
3. Compare and contrast acids and bases.
a. Give two examples of each.
b. Explain two ways to determine if a substance is an acid or a base.
c. Draw a pH scale and label the location of acids, bases, and neutral substances.
d. What is the product of a reaction involving an acid and a base?
4. Explain how to predict acid and base formation.
5. What type of ions do acids produce when placed in water?
6. What type of ions do bases produce when placed in water?
2f. Recognize Newton’s three laws of motion and identify situations that illustrate each law (e.g., inertia,
acceleration, action, and reaction forces).
1. Explain Newton’s 3 laws of motion and give an example of each.
2. What is the reaction force of a hammer hitting a nail?
3. What is inertia and how does it relate to Newton’s first law of motion?
4. Using Newton’s second law of motion, explain why it easier to push an empty desk than it is to push a desk with
a student sitting in it?
5.
Draw a force diagram in which a single object experiences a force of 15 N to the left and another force of 45 N to
the right. What is the net force acting on the object (Give both magnitude and direction)? What 2 other forces
would be acting on the object?
2d. Relate how electrical energy transfers through electric circuits, generators, and power grids including (but not
limited to) contributions from Mississippi companies.
1. What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? Give an example of each.
2. What is electrical energy and how can we control its path?
3. How is electrical energy generated? Name two sources?
4. Outline the pathway electrical energy takes through a power grid to its destination.
5. What places in Mississippi contribute to the distribution of electrical energy?
6. Define each of the following:
a. Transformer
c. Motor
b. Generator
d. Substation
2e. Contrast various components of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., infrared, visible light, ultraviolet) and
predict their impacts on living things.
1. Draw the electromagnetic spectrum. Make sure to include the visible light spectrum, x-rays, gamma rays, ultra
violet waves, infrared, and frequency and wavelength of each.
2. Outline the effects of each type of electromagnetic radiation on living things along with their uses.
3. What type of electromagnetic radiation can cause mutations in skin cells and is also used for sterilization
techniques?
4. What is a wave?
a. Which type of wave does not require a medium?
b. Draw a transverse wave and label the crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength, and equilibrium point.
c. What Greek symbol is used to represent wavelength?
d. Explain the relationship between wavelength and frequency.
e. An earthquake produces two types of seismic waves. Explain the difference between a P wave and an
S wave.
2c. Distinguish the motion of an object by its position, direction of motion, speed, and acceleration and represent
resulting data in graphic form in order to make a prediction.
1. Make a chart of measurements and their appropriate metric units. Include the units for force, mass, time,
velocity, acceleration, distance.
2. What is the average velocity of a ball moving if it travels a height of 20 meters in 2 seconds? SHOW ALL
CALCULATIONS!!!
3. Define the following terms and give an example of each.
a. Motion
b. Speed
c. Reference point
d. Acceleration
4. Graph the following data:
Time (seconds) Distance (m)
10
20
30
40
50
5.
20
40
60
80
100
a. Calculate the average speed of the object. (Show all work!)
b. If the object continues at the same speed, how much distance will be traveled after 90 seconds?
c. What would the graph look like if the object suddenly stopped moving?
Draw a velocity graph and illustrate the following.
a. An object at constant fast speed.
c. An object accelerating.
b. An object at constant slow speed.
d. An object stopped