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Jumpstarters for World History
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction to the Teacher ....................................................................................................... 1
Prehistory ................................................................................................................................. 2
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia .............................................................................................. 3
The Sumerians ......................................................................................................................... 4
Babylonia ................................................................................................................................. 5
The Assyrians .......................................................................................................................... 6
The Hittites ............................................................................................................................... 7
The Phoenicians ...................................................................................................................... 8
The Hebrews ............................................................................................................................ 9
The Persians........................................................................................................................... 10
Ancient Egypt ......................................................................................................................... 11
Indus Valley ............................................................................................................................ 15
Ancient India .......................................................................................................................... 16
Ancient China ......................................................................................................................... 17
The Mongols .......................................................................................................................... 20
The Minoans .......................................................................................................................... 21
The Mycenaeans ................................................................................................................... 22
Ancient Greece ...................................................................................................................... 23
Alexander the Great ............................................................................................................... 28
The Celts ............................................................................................................................... 29
The Romans .......................................................................................................................... 30
The Vikings ............................................................................................................................ 34
The Olmecs ........................................................................................................................... 35
The Mayas ............................................................................................................................. 36
The Aztecs ............................................................................................................................. 37
The Incas ............................................................................................................................... 38
Answer Keys .......................................................................................................................... 40
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
ii
Jumpstarters for World History
Introduction to the Teacher
Introduction to the Teacher
It is important for students to periodically review the information they have previously
learned. Jumpstarters for World History helps students do just that while also preparing them
for the day’s lesson by focusing on the topic of Ancient World Civilizations.
The short warm-up activities in this book provide activities that help students review what
they have learned. Each page contains five warm-ups (one for each day of the school week).
Suggestions for using warm-up activities:
• Copy and cut apart one page each week. Give students one warm-up activity each day at
the beginning of class.
• Give each student a copy of the entire page to keep in their binders to complete as
assigned.
• Make transparencies of individual warms-ups and complete activities as a group.
• Put copies of warm-ups in a learning center for students to complete on their own when
they have a few extra minutes.
• Use warm-ups as homework assignments.
• Use warm-ups as questions in a review game.
• Keep some warm-ups on hand to use when the class has a few extra minutes before
dismissal.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
1
Jumpstarters for World History
Prehistory
World History Warm-ups:
Prehistory
Name/Date
Prehistory 1
Match each term with its definition.
prehistory
archaeologist
oral traditions
artifacts
fossils
historian
1. A scientist who examines objects to learn about past cultures.
2. A person who studies the written and oral records of human cultures.
3. Stories passed down by word of mouth.
4. The period of time from the past before writing was invented.
5. Things shaped by humans, such as tools, pottery, and weapons.
6. Evidence of plant or animal life preserved in stone.
Name/Date
Name/Date
Write a definition for each of these terms.
Circle the Stone Age characteristic
from each pair.
Prehistory 2
Prehistory 3
1. nomad
1.
2. fertile
2.
3. irrigation
3.
4. civilization
4.
People used simple stone tools.
People used tools made of bronze.
Many civilizations began.
People were primarily nomads.
Homes were made of adobe.
People lived in caves or camped.
Governments developed.
Each family or group ruled itself.
Name/Date
Name/Date
Prehistory 4
Prehistory 5
Unscramble the names of some of the things
artisans made in pre-historical times.
On your own paper, explain at least two ways in
which geography affects a civilization.
1. K T B S A E S
2. H A L R E E T D O S G O
3. L O S O T
4. T R Y O T E P
5. T O H C L
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2
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia
Name/Date
Name/Date
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 1
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 2
List two reasons why the Fertile Crescent was
an ideal place for nomadic people to settle and
build cities.
Unscramble the names of these modern
countries that exist in the areas in and around
the Fertile Crescent.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
LSEIRA
BNOEANL
R AY S I
QRIA
RNAI
Name/Date
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 3
Put a check mark by each sentence about the Fertile Crescent that is correct.
1.
2.
3.
4.
People living in the Fertile Crescent began to trade because they could grow
more crops and raise more animals than they needed.
Trading led to population decreases.
Increased population led to the need to develop laws.
Many different civilizations developed in the Fertile Crescent.
Name/Date
Name/Date
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 4
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 5
Fill in the blanks.
1. The Greek word Mesopotamia means
“between two rivers.” Name the two rivers
that surrounded Mesopotamia.
Mesopotamia was
not a
language
city-states
civilization cultures
government
,
but rather an area. It was composed of several
2. What two modern-day countries do these
rivers cross before they empty into the
Persian Gulf?
, each having its own
religion, laws,
, and
. Sometimes different
existed at the same time.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
3
The Sumerians
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Sumerians
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Sumerians 1
The Sumerians 2
Circle the inventions that were developed by
the Sumerians
Write T for true or F for false.
written language
wheel
water clock
sailboat
iron nails
plow
twelve-month calendar
loom
1.
Sumerian architecture
had archways for doors and gates.
2.
Sumerians made temples called
ziggurats.
3.
Sumerians believed in only one
god.
4.
Sumerians believed the priests were
representatives of gods.
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Sumerians 3
The Sumerians 4
One major problem for Sumer was the lack of
natural protection for Mesopotamia. Why was
that a disadvantage? Write your opinion on
your own paper.
Write a definition for each of the terms.
1. pictographs
2. scribes
3. stylus
4. cuneiform
Name/Date
The Sumerians 5
Change the underlined words to make the information correct.
The Sumerians were the first group of people to inhabit Greece. They controlled the Tigris
and the Nile Rivers by building levees and used flooding to water the outlying areas of land. They
built temples called pyramids and believed in many gods. They developed a numbering system
based on the number fifty, which we still use today for measuring distance.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
4
Babylonia
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
Babylonia
Name/Date
Name/Date
Babylonia 1
Babylonia 2
Write Yes or No to show if each sentence is true.
According to the Code of Hammurabi, which
statement in each pair is true? Circle your choice.
The Babylonians adopted much of
1.
1.
the Sumerian culture.
2.
Akkad was a king of Babylonia.
3.
Babylon expanded by conquering
2.
3.
other kingdoms.
4.
Babylonians knew little of
4.
astronomy.
Protected the weak
Favored the ruling class only
Read only by priests
Carved on a stone column for all to see
Eye-for-eye punishments
Punished only the highest offenses
Applied to women and slaves
Applied only to men and masters
Name/Date
Babylonia 3
By each statement, write Wall if it applies to the Wall of Babylon, write Gate for the Gate of Ishtar,
or write Gardens for the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
had four towers from which guards could watch
named after a goddess
built to please Nebuchadnezzar’s wife
had terraces covered in plants and pools
wide enough that a four-horse chariot could drive on it
made of colorful, glazed bricks with pictures of animals
Name/Date
Name/Date
Babylonia 4
Babylonia 5
Fill in the blanks with the correct word.
List three interesting facts about Babylonia.
Babylonian astronomy was advanced for
its time. Babylonians kept records of events
and measured
such as e
time by studying the m
of the celestial bodies. Babylonian priests even
claimed they could predict the f
.
by studying the stars and p
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
1.
2.
3.
5
The Assyrians
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Assyrians
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Assyrians 1
Write T for true or F for false.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Assyrians 5
The Assyrian kingdom was on the upper Tigris River.
Assyrian land was watered by rain and by the
Tigris River.
Assyria was protected from attacks by Barbarians.
The original capital of Assyria was Ashur.
Assyria’s army was highly
disciplined and greatly feared.
Put a check by the items below
that the Assyrian army used.
cannons
Name/Date
chariots
The Assyrians 2
weapons made
Assyria’s army was a “standing
army,” rather than a “citizen-soldier”
army. Explain what the difference is
on your own paper.
of iron
muskets
iron-tipped
battering rams
cavalry
Name/Date
archers
The Assyrians 3
Circle the statement that was not an Assyrian achievement.
On your own paper, pick one Assyrian achievement and
explain it in more detail.
1. Developed a library
3. Built a system of roads
2. Made a written language 4. Developed mail service
Name/Date
The Assyrians 4
Fill in the blanks.
mercenaries
soldiers
governor
king
fort
Once Assyrians conquered a city, they built a
and appointed a
to rule the city. He
. There were not enough
reported directly to the
to support all these forts, so Assyrians
from other countries.
hired
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
6
foot soldiers
The Hittites
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Hittites
Name/Date
The Hittites 1
Fill in the blanks.
The Hittites were originally migrant
,
who moved into
. They were not as
organized as other
, with city-states that were
quite spread out. Each city-state maintained its own language and
. They often fought amongst themselves until
became king. Then the empire grew to include
most of modern-day
.
Name/Date
The Hittites 2
Match.
Name/Date
The Hittites 3
a. 1000 b. 26
c. 1595 d. 1200
The Hittites signed the first
recorded peace treaty in history.
1. The Hittite culture lasted from 1750 B.C.
to
B.C.
2. The capital city, Hattusa, had a stone
wall
feet thick.
3. The Hittites worshipped about
gods.
4. The Hittities sacked Babylonia in the
year
B.C.
1. With whom did the Hittites sign a treaty?
2. What did these two kingdoms promise to
do for each other?
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Hittites 4
The Hittites 5
Circle all the phrases that refer to the Hittites.
Write T for true or F for false.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
civilizations
Turkey
peasants
Anatolia
religion
Labarnas
1. Hattusa was the Hittites’ capital city.
2. Knowledge of steel metallurgy began with
the Hittites.
3. The Hittites used one main language.
4. Hittite law compensated people who were
wronged.
5. The Hittite Empire was between the Tigris
and the Euphrates Rivers.
signed a treaty
had one distinct culture
developed the process of smelting
were warlike
introduced horses to the Middle East
had laws considered cruel
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
7
The Phoenicians
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Phoenicians
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Phoenicians 1
The Phoenicians 2
Write T for true or F for false.
Fill in the blanks.
Tyre
dye
purple
The two main Phoenician cities were
and
.
Phoenicians developed a process of making
. The Greek word phoinix
purple
, so the
means
Phoenicians were Purple Men. The dye was
, so it was mainly used
.
by
1. Phoenicians lived on the Egyptian
coast.
2. Phoenicians were the greatest traders
of the ancient world.
3. Phoenicians improved glass making.
4. Their greatest achievement was the
alphabet.
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Phoenicians 3
The Phoenicians 4
Fill in the missing vowels from these items that
the Phoenicians traded.
1. How was the Phoenician alphabet different
from writings such as cuneiform?
l
r
d gl
ssw
r
1. c
2.
v
ry and w
d
c
rv
ngs
3.
mbr
d
r
d cl
th
4. p
tt
ry
5. w
n
2. How many symbols did it include?
3. What did each symbol represent?
Name/Date
The Phoenicians 5
Change the underlined word to make each sentence true.
1. The Phoenicians’ skill in building developed as they searched
for new trading markets.
2. The Phoenicians developed a process of making red dye.
3. Phoenicians sailed all over the Black Sea to trade.
4. The Phoenician alphabet’s symbols each represented a thing.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
expensive
royalty
Sidon
8
The Hebrews
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Hebrews
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Hebrews 1
The Hebrews 2
The Hebrews were one of the first groups to
practice monotheism instead of polytheism.
On your own paper, explain what the difference
is.
Unscramble the names of these Hebrew
leaders.
1. B H A R A M A
2. S O M S E
3. V D I A D
4. U S L A
5. L M O N O S O
Name/Date
The Hebrews 3
Canaan
Abraham
Fill in the blanks.
enslaved
famine
led the Hebrews into
A
in the land caused them to flee to
There they lived and flourished for 600 years, but were
later
by the Egyptian
, who was jealous of their wealth.
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Hebrews 4
The Hebrews 5
What am I?
Three major religions
developed in the Hebrew
capital of Jerusalem.
What are they?
Clue one:
I am a set of laws based on the
Hebrew religion.
Clue two:
I am found in the Old Testament
in the Bible.
Clue three: The Hebrews believed these laws
were from God.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
1.
2.
3
9
pharaoh
Egypt
.
.
The Persians
Jumpstarters for World History
World History Warm-ups:
The Persians
Name/Date
Name/Date
The Persians 1
The Persians 2
Place a check by the facts that are correct.
Fill in the blanks.
1.
Cyrus and his army conquered most
of the ancient world.
Persians treated those they conquered
with cruelty.
Persians allowed the conquered to
keep their cultures.
Those conquered by Persia paid
taxes to Cyrus.
Cyrus enslaved the Jews.
2.
3.
4.
5.
sacred book.
2.
is the founder of
the Persian religion, Zoroastrianism.
3.
is the god of
goodness, wisdom, and truth to the Persians.
4.
Name/Date
The Persians 3
The Persians 4
is the evil spirit.
Rewrite the following paragraph on your own paper
to make the underlined words correct.
What would have
been some of the
difficulties in ruling
an empire as vast as
that of the Persians?
Make a list on your
own paper. Tell how
you would have dealt
with these problems.
After Cyrus died, his son-in-law, Alexander,
continued his rule. He divided the empire into 12
provinces called Avestas. Each was ruled by a
governor called a sultan. The Persians improved an
extensive water system to help with transportation
and communication. This encouraged international
fears, as people were able to carry their wares more
easily.
Name/Date
The Persians 5
Label the following items on the Persian Empire map.
The Mediterranean Sea
The Tigris River
The Black Sea
The Euphrates River
The Caspian Sea
The Nile River
The Red Sea
The Persian Gulf
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
Avesta
Ahriman
is the Persians’
1.
Name/Date
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Zoroaster
Ahura Mazda
10
Answer Keys
Jumpstarters for World History
Answer Keys
Prehistory 1 (p. 2)
1. archaeologist
2. historian
3. oral traditions
4. prehistory
5. artifacts
6. fossils
The Sumerians 1 (p. 4)
The following should be circled: written language, wheel,
water clock, sailboat, plow, twelve-month calendar
The Sumerians 2 (p. 4)
1. T
2. T
3. F
The Sumerians 3 (p. 4)
This was a disadvantage because attacking armies could
easily march into Sumeria from any direction.
Prehistory 2 (p. 2)
1. people who moved around and had no settled home
2. soil which contains substances needed for plant growth
3. canals dug to carry water from its source to where it’s
needed
4. a society with cities, a central government, workers who
specialize
The Sumerians 4 (p. 4)
1. pictures carved into clay to represent something
2. professional writers
3. a wedge-shaped instrument for carving on clay tablets
4. a type of writing invented by the Sumerians that
replaced pictures with shapes and lines
Prehistory 3 (p. 2)
1. People used simple stone tools.
2. People were primarily nomads.
3. People lived in caves or camped.
4. Each family or group ruled itself.
The Sumerians 5 (p. 4)
Change Greece to Mesopotamia, Nile to Euphrates, flooding
to irrigation, pyramids to ziggurats, fifty to sixty, and distance
to time.
Prehistory 4 (p. 2)
1. baskets
2. leather goods
3. tools
4. pottery
5. cloth
Babylonia 1 (p. 5)
1. Yes
2. No
Prehistory 5 (p. 2)
Answers will vary. Possibilities include that the type of soil
available and access to water determine if a people settle
there; isolation from mountains or other natural barriers offer
protection from invaders and the influence of outsiders.
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 1 (p. 3)
1. Animals and grains were found naturally in abundance
and provided a permanent source of food.
2. It was easier to grow crops because of the fertile soil, so
there was no need to move around.
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 2 (p. 3)
1. Israel
2. Lebanon
3. Syria
4. Iraq
5. Iran
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 3 (p. 3)
Sentences #1, #3, and #4 should be checked.
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 4 (p. 3)
1. the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
2. Turkey and Iraq
Fertile Crescent & Mesopotamia 5 (p. 3)
civilization, city-states, language, government, cultures
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
4. T
3. Yes
4. No
Babylonia 2 (p. 5)
1. Protected the weak
2. Carved on a stone column for all to see
3. Eye-for-eye punishments
4. Applied to women and slaves
Babylonia 3 (p. 5)
1. Wall
2. Gate
3. Gardens
4. Gardens
5. Wall
6. Gate
Babylonia 4 (p. 5)
eclipses, movement, future, planets
Babylonia 5 (p. 5)
Answers will vary.
The Assyrians 1 (p. 6)
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
The Assyrians 2 (p. 6)
Standing armies have soldiers who are always in the
army. It is their career. A citizen-soldier army has soldiers who
fight, and when the war is done, they return to their homes
and other careers.
The Assyrians 3 (p. 6)
#2 should be circled. Answers about Assyrian achievements
will vary.
40
Answer Keys
Jumpstarters for World History
The Assyrians 4 (p. 6)
fort, governor, king, soldiers, mercenaries
The Assyrians 5 (p. 6)
Checks should be placed by the following: chariots, weapons
made of iron, iron-tipped battering rams, cavalry, archers, foot
soldiers
The Hebrews 3 (p. 9)
Abraham, Canaan, famine, Egypt, enslaved, pharaoh
The Hittites 1 (p. 7)
peasants, Anatolia, civilizations, religion, Labarnas, Turkey
The Hittites 2 (p. 7)
1. d
2. b
3. a
The Hebrews 2 (p. 9)
1. Abraham
2. Moses
3. David
4. Saul
5. Solomon
The Hebrews 4 (p. 9)
The Ten Commandments
4. c
The Hebrews 5 (p. 9)
(Any order)
1. Christianity
2. Judaism
3. Islam
The Hittites 3 (p. 7)
1. Egypt
2. They promised not to fight and to protect each other
from attacks.
The Hittites 4 (p. 7)
The following phrases should be circled: signed a treaty,
developed the process of smelting, were warlike, introduced
horses to the Middle East
The Hittites 5 (p. 7)
1. T
2. T
3. F
4. T
The Phoenicians 1 (p. 8)
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F
The Persians 1 (p. 10)
Sentences number #1, #3, and #4 should be checked.
The Persians 2 (p. 10)
1. Avesta
2. Zoroaster
3. Ahura Mazda
4. Ahriman
The Persians 3 (p. 10)
A large empire would be hard to control and hard to
protect, and the size would make it hard to communicate.
Answers will vary for how students would deal with the
problems.
The Phoenicians 2 (p. 8)
Tyre, Sidon, dye, purple, expensive, royalty
The Phoenicians 3 (p. 8)
1. Cuneiform had pictographs that had pictures representing objects. The Phoenician alphabet had symbols representing sounds.
2. 22
3. A consonant sound
The Persians 4 (p. 10)
Change Alexander to Darius, 12 to 20, Avestas to Satrapies,
sultan to satrap, water to road or highway, and fears to trade.
The Persians 5 (p. 10)
The Phoenicians 4 (p. 8)
1. colored glassware
2. ivory and wood carvings
3. embroidered cloth
4. pottery
5. wine
C.
E.
A.
D.
The Phoenicians 5 (p. 8)
1. change building to sailing
2. change red to purple
3. change Black to Mediterranean
4. change thing to sound
F.
The Hebrews 1 (p. 9)
Monotheism is the belief in one god, and polytheism is
the belief in many gods.
© Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers
B.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
41
G.
The Mediterranean Sea
The Tigris River
The Black Sea
The Euphrates River
The Caspian Sea
The Nile River
The Red Sea
The Persian Gulf
H.