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FBHS/MID 2123/AUGUST2009
FINAL EXAMINATION
AUGUST 2009 SEMESTER EXAMINATION
1/2009/2010 SESSION
SUBJECT
SUBJECT CODE
DURATION
FACULTY
:
:
:
:
PROGRAMME
LECTURER
:
:
RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY
MID 2123
2 HOURS
BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH
SCIENCES
DIPLOMA IN MEDICAL IMAGING
HJ. SILAHUDIN JARJIS BIN MAT JIRI
INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES
This question paper consists of THREE (3) Parts.
Part A :
Part B :
Part C :
30 Objective questions
8 Short essay questions
5 Essay questions
- Answer ALL questions
- Answer ALL questions
- Answer THREE (3) questions only
Part A must be answered in the OMR objective paper provided.
Part B and C must be answered in the answer booklet provided.
Do Not Open The Question Paper Until Instructed
This Question Paper Consists of THIRTEEN (13) Printed Pages
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FBHS/MID 2123/AUGUST2009
PART A – OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (30 Marks)
Choose the best option to answer the questions.
1.
In Medical Imaging, the term position includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.
In Medical Imaging, the term projection includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
tangential
decubitus
Fowler
Sim
The term stating the curvature of the spine includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
5.
supine
prone
lithotomy
postero-anterior (PA)
Additional special use projection term includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.
medio-lateral
trendelenberg
AP oblique
antero-posterior (AP)
varus
valgus
scoliosis
meiosis
Longitudinal plane of the human body includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
coronal
occlusal
transthoracic
infero-superior
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6.
The term body surface includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
7.
The following bony landmarks correspond correctly to the following vertebral
levels
A.
B.
C.
D.
8.
: T4 – T5
: C3 – C4
: T2 – T3
: S1 – S2
muscular persons
10% of the population
obese persons
slender and tall persons
The radiographic appearance of a normal adult postero-anterior erect chest
radiograph should demonstrate
A.
B.
C.
D.
10.
sternal angle
vertebra prominens
xiphod process
iliac crest
Hypersthenic body habitus represents
A.
B.
C.
D.
9.
sagittal
palmar
supination
pronation
oesophagus visualized centrally
vascular markings symmetrical on both sides
ribs unevenly spaced
both lung fields of unequal density
The lateral projection of the chest is taken to
A.
B.
C.
D.
show the lateral and medial borders of the heart
localize the depth of the mediastinum
show the posterior costophrenic recesses
demonstrate scoliosis
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11.
Occasionally, PA chest radiography is taken on arrested deep expiration because
of
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.
Diagnostic medical procedures that DO NOT involve the use of ionizing
radiation include
A.
B.
C.
D.
13.
kidneys
oesophagus
gall bladder
liver
When an abdominal X-ray is taken in the erect position, the event that occurs
include
A.
B.
C.
D.
15.
ultrasonography (US)
computerized tomography (CT)
angiography
nuclear medicine (NM)
Barium sulphate examination demonstrates the
A.
B.
C.
D.
14.
greater lung volume can be seen
abnormalities of the heart is more obvious
to show diaphragmatic excursion
lung fields are less radio-opaque
diaphragm ascends
fluid rises
upper abdomen bulges
air rises
Splenomegaly can be demonstrated in a plain abdominal radiograph by the
A.
B.
C.
D.
elevation of the left hemidiaphragm
lateral displacement of the stomach
superior displacement of the colon
a soft tissue mass extending upwards and laterally
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16.
Radiological sign to look for in appendicitis include
A.
B.
C.
D.
17.
An important cause of acute abdomen which may be identified in the plain AP
erect and supine abdomen radiographs includes
A.
B.
C.
D.
18.
20.
myocardial infarction
basal pneumonia
pulmonary embolism
intestinal obstruction
Plain film radiography
A.
B.
C.
D.
19.
free gas in the fundus of the stomach
loss of the left psoas margin
clarity of right peritoneal fat stripe in the flank
scoliosis to the affected side
solely produced by differential x-ray beam absorption of body organs
resorts to the use of radionuclide imaging
resorts to the use of magnetic resonance imaging
resorts to the use of ultrasound
The following anatomical structures can be demonstrated by the related projection
A.
B.
lumbar spine intervertebral foraminae
frontal bone
C.
right sacro-iliac joint
D.
3rd metartarsal
– oblique lumbar projection
– submento vertical (SMV)
projection
– AP projection of the whole
pelvis
– lateral projection of the foot
Radiographic features of tension pneumothorax include
A.
B.
C.
D.
deflated lung
elevated diaphragm
shift of mediastinum and heart to left side
overexpanded lung
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21.
Radiographic features to confirm coarctation of aorta include
A.
B.
C.
D.
22.
Radiographic features to confirm tetralogy of Fallot include
A.
B.
C.
D.
23.
pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP)
silicosis
pneumothorax
legionnaire’s disease
Radiographic features of Legionairres’ disease as manisfested on chest
radiograph include
A.
B.
C.
D.
25.
cyanosis for 3 months
episodic loss of consciousness
squatting when fatigued
boot-shaped heart
AIDS related pathology manisfested image on chest radiograph include
A.
B.
C.
D.
24.
aortic figure-4 configuration
notching of the inferior ribs
reverse 5 sign of barium sulphate -filled oesophagus
prominent right cardiac border
unilateral lung affected
slow progression
pleural effusions < 50%
upper lobe involvement
Radiographic features of pleural effusions include
A.
B.
C.
D.
all cardiophrenic angles are obliterated
mediastinal structures remain unshifted
depressed diaphragm
costophrenic angles not blunted
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26.
The following cervical spine injuries can be demonstrated in plain lateral
projection of the cervical vertebrae
A.
B.
C.
D.
27.
Radiographic features of spondylolysis is manifested in lumbar spine radiographs
as
A.
B.
C.
D.
28.
lateral projection
occlusal projection
Towne’s projection
Water’s projection
Radiographic features of Colles fracture is manifested as follows
A.
B.
C.
D.
30.
separation of pars interarticularis (neck of ‘Scotty’ dog)
oblique projection is normally non-diagnostic
AP projection is normally diagnostic
If patient looks to the right, the left pars interaticularis is not visualized by xray
Anterior nasal fracture is best evaluated by
A.
B.
C.
D.
29.
Fracture of the odontoid peg of axis
Simple wedge fracture
Posterior subluxation
Avulsion fracture of C1 posterior arch
Non-articular fracture
Distal radius is dorsally displaced
Ulnar styloid fracture, 5%
Elongation of radius
Radiographic features of osteoarthritis (OA) include
A.
B.
C.
D.
narrowing of joint space, usually assymetric
presence of osteoporosis
absence of osteophytes
absence of subchondral cysts
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PART B:SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS (40 Marks)
Answer ALL questions.
1.
With reference to the radiographic criteria for an erect postero-anterior
projection of the chest, state reasons why:
2.
3.
a.
The median sagittal plane must be perpendicular to the film?
(3 marks)
b.
The x-ray beam must be collimated?
(2 marks)
Define the following terms:
a.
trendelenberg;
b.
decubitus;
c.
lithotomy;
d.
radiograph;
e.
projection.
(5 marks)
State the vertebral levels that correspond with the following anatomical
surface landmarks:
4.
a.
jugular notch;
b.
sternal angle;
c.
anterior superior iliac spine (A.S.I.S.);
d.
subcostal margin;
e.
iliac crest.
(5 marks)
State FOUR (4) types of human body habitus and the percentage of each type.
(5 marks)
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5.
a. State THREE (3) reasons why a minimum of two (2) projection
(90o to each other) are required in medical imaging.
(3 marks)
b. State how the following radiographic images are being displayed
on the viewing box for reporting by Radiologist:
i) hand;
ii) erect PA chest.
6.
(2 marks)
State FIVE (5) roles of transvaginal sonography imaging(TVS) in the 3rd
(5 marks)
Trimester.
7.
State FIVE (5) secondary mammographic signs of malignancy.
(5 marks)
8.
State FIVE (5) sonographic locations of ectopic pregnancy.
(5 marks)
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PART C : ESSAY QUESTIONS (30 Marks)
Answer THREE (3) questions only.
Question 1
a)
Label parts A to G on the PA chest radiograph.
(7 marks)
b)
State THREE (3) reasons why the taking of chest radiography is preferred
in the erect position.
(3 marks)
(7 marks)
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Question 2
a)
State SEVEN (7) surface landmarks of the abdomen referred by Diagnostic
Radiographers when positioning patient.
b)
(7 marks)
State the method of application of gonad shielding for male patients for
(3 marks)
abdominal radiography.
Question 3
a) State a good criterion to evaluate a true lateral position of the elbow joint,
when it is flexed 90o.
b) Label fully parts A to I of the lateral elbow joint radiograph.
(1 mark)
(9 marks)
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Question 4
Label fully parts A to J of the cross section computerized tomographic axial
scan at the mid-level of both kidneys.
(10 marks)
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Question 5
a) State FOUR (4) radiographic features that demonstrate lumbar vertebrae
(4 marks)
fractures.
b) Label
fully
parts
A to F of the oblique lumbar spine
displays the parts of the ‘SCOTTY
DOG’.
radiograph that
(6 marks)
END OF QUESTIONS
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