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Name ______________________ # _____ Date __________ Subject/Chapter SS, Chapter 5: Life in the Eastern Hemisphere
Key Words
~China
Asian Emperors
and Traders
THE CHINESE EMPIRE
2.
1.
Section
Main Ideas
~In the late 1400’s, the peoples of the West met the
peoples of the East—this changed their lives forever.
~While the Aztec & Inca were building their empires in
the Western Hemisphere, the Chinese were enlarging
their empire in the Eastern Hemisphere—making
contact with people from Europe & Africa.
~Zhu Di
~The Chinese saw their land as a great empire—
protected by the Himalaya Mountains to the west, the
Gobi Desert to the north, & the Pacific Ocean to the
~Great Wall
east.
~Invaders still broke through.
~In 1402 the emperor of China, Zhu Di, set out to
rebuild the Great wall to keep invaders out.
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The Silk Road
3.
Section
Key Words
~Silk Road: a
network of overland
trade routes from
China to Persia
~Persia (known
today as Iran)
Main Ideas
~Zhu Di also increased trade along the Silk Road.
~People in Europe wanted so much silk from China
that the trade route became known as the Silk Road
~Goods exchanged along the Silk Road = silk from
China for oranges, gold & horses
~Goods changed hands often because few traders
ever traveled the entire route
ZHENG HE’S
VOYAGES
4.
~Zheng He: a
Chinese Muslim sea
sailing ships—he put Zheng He in charge of the huge
captain
fleet.
~India
The Ships of
Zheng He
~magnetic
compass:
5.
~(1403) Zhu Di ordered the building of 1000s of
instrument invented
by the Chinese
(about A.D. 100) to
help sailors find
north & south
~(1405-1433) Explored India, Southeast Asia, Arabia,
& the coast of East Africa
~Over 300 ships in Zheng He’s fleet
~Used a magnetic compass to find directions
~Perhaps the voyages were made to find new trading
centers or show others the power of the Chinese
empire
~Exploration ended when a new emperor had the
ships destroyed (1525)
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Section
Key Words
Main Ideas
among different peoples in Eastern Asia
A Chinese Tale
African Kingdoms
KING SUNNI ALI
8.
7.
6.
~Over many centuries, tales have been exchanged
~Zheng He’s voyages helped bring new tales to Asia
~Yeh-hsien = Chinese Cinderella Story
~Sahara
Desert: largest
in the world
~caravans:
groups of
people
traveling
together in a
desert
~Songhai
~Sunni Ali: king
of Songhai
(1464)
~Berbers lived in the Sahara Desert & traded with
Europe for 100s of years—the Sahara made it difficult
for them to trade with people south of the desert until
the 1200s
~(1400s) most caravans headed to the kingdom of
Songhai
~Sunni Ali captured Timbuktu (1468) from the Berbers
& then Jenne (1475)—both cities located along the
Niger River
~Timbuktu
~Jenne
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Section
Key Words
Main Ideas
the people they conquered—traded enslaved people
Ruling Songhai
9.
~Many African rulers maintained power by enslaving
with Arab sailors (1400s)
~in hard times people asked to be enslaved in order
to get food & shelter—slaves were treated as family,
not property
~Sunni Ali wanted traders of gold, ivory, cloth, & salt
trade between North & West Africa (Sahara Desert to
THE SONGHAI
KINGDOM
10.
~Songhai became extremely wealthy by controlling
the Niger River valley)
~Songhai controlled the salt & gold mines of central
Africa)—trading salt & gold made them very wealthy
Songhai’s Cities
11.
~Gao
~Gao, Timbuktu, & Jenne = trade centers of Songhai
~Gao = full of skilled workers, crafts workers & artists
~Timbuktu = great cultural center—scholars studied
~Leo
Africanus: Arab astronomy, mathematics, music, & literature at Timbuktu’s
historian
University—great value was placed on learning
~Jenne = people studied medicine—doctors performed
~malaria
operations on the human eye—discovered mosquito bites
cause malaria
4
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Europe’s Age of
Exploration
EUROPE’S
RENAISSANCE
Trade with Asia
14.
13.
12.
Section
Key Words
~Marco Polo
Main Ideas
~(1271) Marco Polo traveled from Persia to China
along the Silk Road (3 years)—created interest
~Portugal
~(1400s) important link between Europe & Asia =
goods to be traded
~Spain
~Spain & Portugal sent explorers in search of a direct
sea route to Asia = cheaper prices
~Renaissance:
rebirth in art,
music, &
learning
~Italy
~Johannes
Gutenberg:
(1436)
invented
printing press
~England
~(1300s) Renaissance began in Italy (spread through
Europe)
~More books = more learning
~New knowledge of science = new ideas
~New inventions = exploration
~Europeans needed spices from Asia to keep food
from spoiling
~France
~The price of any good rose each time it was traded
along the Silk Road
~European traders needed a cheaper route
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PRINCE HENRY
Portuguese Exploration
16.
15.
Section
Key Words
~Prince Henry:
proved it was
possible to
reach Asia by
ship
Main Ideas
~”Prince Henry the Navigator” made improvements in
navigation (the science of determining a ship’s sailing
direction & location)—astrolabe & magnetic compass
~navigation
~astrolabe
~caravel
~Bartholomeu
Dias
~Prince Henry & others created the caravel (small
ship that could be steered easily, sailed fast & against
the wind, & held large amounts of cargo)
~(1488) Dias sailed around the southern tip of Africa
~Cape of Good
(Cape of Good Hope)
Hope
~(1498) Vasco da Gama = 1st Portuguese to reach
~Vasco da
Gama
Asia (India) = HUGE profits
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