Download Chemistry Review

Chemistry Review
Fill out this chart.
Location
Charge
Mass
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Label the parts.
Atomic symbol
atomic number
atomic mass
13
31
26.9815 33
Al
This box tells us the atomic number is _____.
This means it has _____ protons (and so _____electrons)
The bottom number is the mass number. Al, Aluminum, has a mass of _________.
The mass number equals the number of protons and the number of _____________.
Mass number = _______________+ ______________
The arrangement of the atoms by their number makes up the
___________________________________.
Vertical columns are called _______________________.

Within a column elements have the same number of
____________________electrons
Bohr's Planetary Model
Electrons whirl around the nucleus like _________ orbiting the sun.
An atom with a different number of neutrons is called an __________.
Name these isotopes of hydrogen
_________________ ______________________ ________________________
0 neutrons
1 neutron
2 neutrons
Label the subatomic particles in the diagram.
Protons(+), neutrons(0), electrons(-)
Complete the following table with the correct numbers.
Element
Atomic
Atomic
Protons
Neutrons
number
mass
Hydrogen 1
1
Lithium
3
4
Bromine
35
80
Zinc
30
35
Electrons
Terms Matching
_______ 1. element
_______ 2. compound
_______ 3. atom
_______ 4. matter
_______ 5. molecule
_______ 6. mixture
_______ 7. density
_______ 8. physical change
_______ 9. chemical change
_______ 10. isotope
_______ 11. ion
a. anything that has mass and takes up
space
b. an atom with a charge
c. an atom with differing number of
neutrons
d. a bond formed when atoms share
electrons
e. a combination of two or more
substances that are not chemically
combined
f. the smallest unit of an element that
maintains the properties of that
element
g. a substance made up of atoms of two
or more different elements joined by
chemical bonds
h. a substance that cannot be broken
down by chemical means
i. mass divided by volume
j.
k.
_______ 12. valence electron
_______ 13. orbital
l.
_______ 14. ionic bond
m.
_______ 15. covalent bond
n.
o.
a change in matter from one form to
another without a change in chemical
properties
attractive force between two
oppositely charged ions that result
from the transfer of electrons from
one atom to another
a change that occurs when a
substance changes composition by
forming one or more new substances
a region in an atom where there is a
high probability of finding electrons
an electron in the outermost energy
level of an atom
the smallest unit of a substance that
keeps all of the physical and chemical
properties of that substance
Name
Block
Reading formulas
Write how many atoms of each element there are.
C6H12O6
Carbon _______ hydrogen _______ oxygen_______
H2SO4
Hydrogen ________ sulfur _______ oxygen _______
Fe2O3
Iron _______ Oxygen _____
NaHCO3
Sodium ____ hydrogen _____ carbon _____ oxygen ____
H2CO3
Hydrogen _______ carbon _______ oxygen _______
Now try these. Watch out. (Remember the distributive property.)
4C5H12 (pentane)
Carbon _________ hydrogen _______
2C8H18(Octane)
Carbon _______hydrogen _______
5NH3(ammonia)
nitrogen _______ hydrogen _______
4SiO2
silicon _______ oxygen _______
7H2O
hydrogen _______ oxygen _______
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Name
Block
Name these elements. Spell correctly!
H ___________
N ____________
O ___________
C ___________
He __________
Al ___________
Na ___________
Cl ____________
Au ___________
Ag ___________
Write the formulas.
1 sodium, 1 chlorine __________________
2 hydrogen, 1 carbon, 3 oxygen ____________
1 potassium, 1 chlorine, 3 oxygen __________
5 carbon, 12 hydrogen ______________
1 sodium, 1 oxygen, 1 hydrogen ____________
9 carbon, 8 hydrogen, 4 oxygen _______________
Strontium
90
______
____
___protons
___neutrons
_______________
11
B
___
___protons
___neutrons
___________
___
Xe
___
___protons
77_neutrons
Uranium
___
______
___
___protons
141 neutrons
Thorium
___
___
___
___protons
142 neutrons
______________
___
_____
___
94 protons
150 neutrons
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_______________
238
U
___
___protons
___neutrons
Neptunium
237
_____
___
___protons
___neutrons
Name
Block
Fill out the chart for Iodine-131: original amount of 52grams and half-life of 8
days.
Half life Amount remaining Time Past
1.
An archeologist discovered many unique fossils in a rock. When the rock
was analyzed, it appeared that 3/4 of the original carbon-14 had
decayed to carbon-12. So, of the portion that was originally carbon14. there is 7 times more carbon-12 than carbon-14. The half-life of
carbon-14 is 5,760 years. How old is the rock containing the
fossils?
_____________________________________________________
2.
Assume a rock originally contained 300grams of carbon-14. How many
half-lives will elapse before only about 1g of carbon-14 remains in
the rock?
_____________________________________________________
3.
Carbon-14 is used to date fossils and rocks that are no older than 75,000
years. Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.3 million years. It can be used to
date fossils more than 100,000 years old. How old would a fossil be if it
contained only 25 percent of its original amount of potassium-40?
________________________
What force keeps the protons and neutrons in the nucleus from flying
apart? _______________________________________________
What is ejected from an atom during alpha decay? ______________
Finish this nuclear equation. 238
92U
4
__
2 He + ___ _________
Challenge Question
You could swallow a capsule of germanium without ill effects. But if a proton
were added to each germanium nucleus, you would not want to swallow the
capsule. Why?_______________________________________________
What type of decay adds a proton? ______________________________
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