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Name: Social Studies Study Guide Chapter 7: Ancient Rome Lesson 3: The Roman Empire Matching Directions: Match the term on the left with the definition or example on the right. Write the appropriate capital letter in the space provided. (Pages 232-239) 1. ______ Augustus 2. ______ census 3. ______ civil war 4. ______ Cleopatra 5. ______ Colosseum 6. ______ dictator 7. ______ gladiator 8. ______ Julius Caesar 9. ______ Pax Romana 10. ______ Pompeii 11. ______ Pompey A city burned by the eruption of a volcano. A. A count of people living in the empire. B. A period called “Roman Peace” that lasted 200 years. C. A powerful general of Rome and Caesar’s main enemy. D. A Roman general who became dictator in 45 B.C. E. A war between groups within one country. F. An Egyptian Queen that joined forces with Caesar. G. An enormous stadium for gladiator games. H. Slaves or criminals forced to fight for entertainment in arenas. I. Someone who rules with absolute power. J. The first emperor of Rome. Questions Directions: Answer each of the following questions in complete sentences and in cursive. Pages: 232-239 1. How did Julius Caesar and the Senate struggle for power over Rome? (p. 233) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 1 2. Why did Caesar join forces with Cleopatra? (p. 233) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. How did Julius Caesar make important changes in Roman life while he was dictator? (p.234) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why did civil war follow Caesar’s death? (p. 234) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. What power did Augustus gain when he became emperor? (p. 234) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2 6. What was the Pax Romana, and why was it important? (p. 234) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. Why do you think new public buildings, including theaters and baths, were built during Augustus’ rule? (p. 235) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 8. How do we know about life in Pompeii? (p. 236) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 9. How would an archaeologist be able to identify a house of a rich family from that of a poor family? (p. 236) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3 10. How did the use of arches improve Roman buildings? (p. 238) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 11. EXPLORING ECONOMICS: What might the construction of Roman roads suggest about ancient Romans? (p. 238) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 12. What was the effect of the Pax Romana on the Roman Empire? (p. 238) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4