Download File - Mr. Krus World Geography

Warm up 11/10
• In your spiral:
• What type of political system does the
U.S. have? What type of economic system
does the U.S. have?
Freedom Axis
We will classify countries according
to economic and political freedoms
using a chart.
Teacher instructions
1. Print slides 6-13
2. Cut slides 7-13 into two sheets (these are the country’s profiles)
3. Place students into small groups with one set of the country profiles from
slides 7-13. Students will determine their degree of political and economic
freedom
4. Have students create an X and Y axis in their notebooks (or on a separate
sheet of paper if you would like to take this as a daily grade)
5. Read the USA profile, and with the class, plot the US on the “Freedom Axis”
have all students do the same on their sheet of paper (use this time to
remind them of the economic spectrum)
6. Students must create a symbol to represent their country (a small one) and
draw it on their graph in the approximate place they think it should fall (in
terms of political and economic freedom). Students must also write a brief
justification as to why they placed their country in that spot.
7. After about 15 minutes, have students come up in pairs to read their profile
and draw their country’s symbol on a teacher created X and Y axis on your
smart or white board
8. Students should be able to give a justification for why they chose to place
their country in that spot based on the info in the profile.
9. As each pair presents, the other students will plot the country on their own x
and y axis, by the end of class students will have approximately 16 nations
on their X and Y axis
Draw this axis on your own paper!
Most Freedom
Political (Government) Freedom
Least
Freedom
Most Freedom
Economic Freedom
Plotting for Freedom
• In groups of 2-3, read your country profiles. Decide how
free the countries are politically and economically.
– Who has more power? The central government or the citizens?
• Write the name of your countries on the “Freedom Axis”
you drew on your paper.
• After you plot your countries on the freedom graph, you
must write a short justification
• You will come to the board with your partners to plot your
country on the class “Freedom Axis” as your classmates
record your answer.
Writing Analysis
• Compare and contrast the difference between
economic systems and political systems.
• Which two specific examples of economic and
political systems would you pair to make the ideal
nation?
• Why would the extremes in economic and political
systems not promote the well being of the
population? (Ex. No government involvement in
the economy or political systems to the
government’s total control in the economy and
political system.)
• Must be at least 1 page
The United States of America
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Location: North America
Government: Federal Republic
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President Barack Obama (Since 2008)
Men and women over 18 can vote
Power is divided among three equal branches of government
2 major political parties (Republicans and Democrats)
Popular sovereignty
Presidential elections held every 4 years, individuals may only serve two terms
as president; congressional elections held every 2 years (House) and 6 years
(Senate)
– Freedom of speech, religion, press
– Constitution and bill of rights to protect individual liberty
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Economy: Market (Free Enterprise)
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GDP Per Capita= $48,100 per year
Main Exports= High technology, food products, automobiles
Highly educated population
Limited government control over economic activities of private companies
(safety, health, and environmental regulations exist)
– People have the freedom to make their own economic choices based on supply
and demand
– Large middle class
• The Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia
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Location: Southwest Asia
Government: Traditional Monarchy
• King Abdallah bin abd al-Aziz al Saud
(Since 1994)
• Hereditary monarchy (Saud family has
ruled since 17th Century)
• Only men over the age of 21 are
allowed to vote for the Shura (Legal
Council) to create laws which must be
approved by the King. The Shura is led
by a minister who is appointed directly
by the King. Only the King decides
when to have elections; they are not
held on a regular basis.
• Most government leaders are blood
relatives of the King
• Islamic Sharia laws are basis of legal
system
• No free speech, religion, press
• Limited women’s rights
• The Democratic
People’s Republic of
Korea (North Korea)
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Location: East Asia
Government: Totalitarian Dictatorship
• President Kim Jong Un (Since 2011)
• Hereditary dictatorship (Kim family has
ruled Korea since 1949)
• Citizens over the age of 17 may vote,
however, elections are not regularly
held. Their last election was 2003 and
only Kim Jong Il (the deceased father of
Kim Jon Un) was on the ballot for
president.
• Most political parties are banned (aside
from the Korean Worker’s Party)
• Government leaders are from the
military and have sworn loyalty to the
Kim family
• No free speech, religion, press
• Concentration camps are used to
punish political opponents of the
government
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Economy: Communist (Command)
Economy: Socialist
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GDP per capita= $24, 000 per year
Main export = Oil
Government controls major industries
(ex. Oil and energy production)
Population is not highly educated
Limited foreign investment in sectors
other than oil production
King has recently allowed some
economic reforms
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GDP per capita= $1,800 per year
Main exports= minerals, textiles,
weapons
Population is not highly educated
Few trading partners other than China
Government has total control
Government mismanagement of
resources has led to famine and
malnutrition
• The United Kingdom
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Location: Europe
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
• Queen Elizabeth II (Since 1952, family has
ruled since 11th century)
• Prime Minister David Cameron (Since
2010)
• Hereditary monarchy
• Both men and women over the age of 18
are allowed to vote for members of
parliament.
• Most government leaders are elected by
the people.
• Prime Minister (leader of government) is
chosen by ministers of the majority party in
Parliament
• 2 major political parties (Labor and
Conservative)
• Separation of powers
• Freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution to ensure people’s rights
Economy: Socialist
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GDP per capita= $ 35,900 per year
Main exports = Chemicals, manufactured
products, fuel
Government controls many industries in the
public interest (healthcare, education,
utilities)
Population is highly educated
Lots of foreign investment and trade
Members of the European Union
People have the freedom to become
entrepreneurs; however, there is
substantial government oversight of private
businesses
• Republic of India
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Location: South Asia
Government: Federal Republic
• Prime Minister Manmohan Singh
• People vote for members of parliament
to create laws
• Both men and women over 18 can vote
• Prime Minister (leader of government) is
chosen by ministers of the majority
party in Parliament
• Several major political parties
• Separation of powers
• Elections must be held every 5 years
• Freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution to protect people’s rights
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Economy: Socialist
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GDP per capita= $3,500 per year
Main export = Petroleum products,
precious stones, iron and steel,
chemicals, textiles
Government has given up control of
most major industries; however, some
are still under state control (healthcare,
education, electricity production)
Population is not highly educated
The world’s second fastest growing
economy
Major destination for outsourcing from
USA and UK
People have the freedom to become
entrepreneurs; however, there is
substantial government oversight of
private businesses
Fast growing middle class
• The Holy See
(Vatican)
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Location: Europe
Government: Theocracy
• Pope Benedict XVI (Since 2006)
• Pope serves from the time of his
election until the time of his death
• Pope is elected by Catholic religious
leaders known as Cardinals
• Only Cardinals under the age of 80
are allowed to vote for the pope
• No major political parties
• No freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution based on Catholic
religious doctrine (beliefs)
Economy: Command
• GDP per capita= N/A
• Economy is directed by the Catholic
Church
• Main exports = Tourist souvenirs,
charity donations
• Population is highly educated
• Most income is donated by Catholic
followers from around the world
• Italy supplies most of the electricity
• Charge admission to Vatican
museums
• Collect interest from investments and
real estate sales
• Most of the people who work in
Vatican City live in Italy
• The Islamic
Republic of Iran
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Location: Southwest Asia
Government: Theocratic Republic
• Supreme Leader Ali Hoseini Khamenei
(Head of State) elected for life by
religious leaders (since 1989)
• President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
(Since 2005)
• Both men and women over the age of
18 are allowed to vote for members of
the Shura (legislature) and president.
• Elections are held every four years
• Past elections have shown evidence of
corruption by government leaders
• Political protests are brutally crushed by
secret police
• Islamic Sharia laws are enforced by
religious police
• No freedom of speech, religion, press
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Economy: Command
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GDP per capita= $12,200 per year
Main exports = Oil, chemicals,
weapons, agricultural products
Government controls all large industries
Population is not highly educated
Only small scale private ownership of
cottage industries
Many government regulations on private
businesses, very little economic
freedom or choices for the average
citizens
Member of OPEC
• Bolivarian Republic
of Venezuela
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Location: South America
Government: Federal Republic
• President Nicholas Maduro (2013)
• President elections are held every 6 years
• No limit on how long one person can serve
as president
• Gained independence from Spain on July
5th, 1811
• Both men and women over the age of 18
are allowed to vote
• Past elections have shown evidence of
corruption by government leaders
• Several large political parties, largest is the
Bolivarian Socialist Worker’s Party
• Political protests are brutally crushed by
secret police
• Freedom of press and speech is limited
Economy: Socialist
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GDP per capita= $12,400 per year
Main exports = Oil, steel, agricultural
products
Government controls the oil, steel,
agriculture, banking, and construction
businesses
Population is not highly educated
Many government regulations on private
businesses, very little economic freedom or
choices for the average citizens
High prices of goods due to poor
management of the economy by
government officials
Member of OPEC
• The United Mexican
States (Mexico)
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Location: North America
Government: Federal Republic
• President Enrique Pena Nieto (2012)
• President elections are held every 6 years
• 10 major political parties
• Both men and women over the age of 18
are allowed to vote
• Freedom of speech, press, and religion
• Constitution to protect the rights of citizens
• Separation of powers
• Problems with corruption by national, state,
and local officials
• Severe violence between government
agents and members of powerful organized
crime syndicates
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Economy: Market (Free Enterprise)
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GDP per capita= $15,100 per year
Main exports = Oil, agricultural products,
textiles, manufactured goods
Large industries are almost entirely owned
by the private sector
Strong government oversight of airports
and energy production
Key trading partner with the USA
Population is not highly educated
People have the freedom to make
economic choices based on supply and
demand
Suffers from “brain drain” due to economic
push factors that encourage educated
young Mexicans to live and work abroad
• Japan
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Location: East Asia
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
• Emperor Akihito (Since 1989)
• Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda (Since 2011)
• Hereditary monarchy (Family has ruled
Japan since the 16th Century)
• Both men and women over the age of 20 are
allowed to vote for members of parliament.
• Most government leaders are elected by the
people. Elections are held approximately
every 3-5 years
• 2 major political parties
• Separation of powers
• Prime Minister (leader of government) is
chosen by ministers of the majority party in
Parliament
• Freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution to ensure people’s rights
Economy: Market (Free Enterprise)
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GDP per capita= $ 34,300 per year
Main exports = Transportation equipment,
cars, semiconductors, chemicals, high
technology
Heavily dependant on trade with other
countries for raw materials
Government subsidizes (helps pay for)
important industries such as healthcare and
education
Population is highly educated
Some white collar workers are guaranteed
employment for life
Lots of foreign investment
People have the freedom to become
entrepreneurs; however, there is substantial
government oversight of private businesses
• The People’s
Republic of China
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Location: East Asia
Government: Totalitarian state
• President Hu Jintao (Since 2003)
• Primer Wen Jaobao (Since 2003)
• One party state (Communist Party only)
• Both men and women over the age of 18
are allowed to vote for members of the
National People’s Congress
• National People’s Congress elects
President and Premier for 5 year terms in
office (limited to two terms)
• No freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution to ensure government power
• People are expected to submit to the power
of the state as a way of marinating order
• Political opposition to ruling Communist
party is not tolerated
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Economy: Command Capitalism (mixed)
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GDP per capita= $8,400 per year
Main exports = Manufactured products,
textiles, chemicals
The World’s fastest growing economy
Private ownership of business is allowed
Government has the right to intervene in
the economy as they see fit
Government often favors private
businesses who are loyal to the communist
party
Very few regulations (safety or
environmental protection) or worker’s rights
A key player in world trade and investment
Rapidly growing middle class
• The Democratic Republic
of Congo
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Location: Central Africa
Government: Republic
• President Joseph Kabila (Since 2001)
• Prime Minister Adolphe Muzito (Since 2008)
• President elected by popular vote to serve a
5 year term (limited to 2 terms)
• PM is chosen by the President
• President Kabila was elected after the death
of his Father (the previous president) who
came to power after a bloody civil war in the
1990s
• Voting is compulsory (mandatory) for all men
and women over the age 18. People who
don’t vote must pay a fine
• National Assembly and Senate (legislature)
elected by popular vote
• Allegations of government corruption in
recent elections
• Years of war and ethnic violence have
reduced the power of the government in
some parts of the country
Economy: Market (Free Enterprise)
• GDP per capita= $300 per year
• Main exports = Minerals, lumber, agricultural
products
• Widespread corruption in economy
• Private ownership of business is allowed
• Much of the country’s economy is informal
(traditional) and is not reflected in GDP
• Most locally owned businesses are very
small in scale (cottage industry)
• Blood diamonds helped fund genocide and
civil war for decades
• Poor infrastructure has discouraged foreign
investment
• The Syrian Arab
Republic
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Location: Southwest Asia
Government: Totalitarian state
• President Bashar al Asad (Since 2000)
• Dynastic Dictatorship (Asad family has
ruled Syria since 1963)
• President serves a 7year term with no
term limits
• Both men and women over the age of
18 can vote
• National Council creates laws and
elects the President
• Political parties which oppose the
government are banned
• No freedom of speech or press
• Limited freedom of religion
• Constitution designed to ensure
government power
Economy: Socialist
• GDP per capita= $5,100 per year
• Main exports = Oil, minerals, petroleum
products, textiles, fruits
• Government controls most major
industries such as oil production
• Private ownership of cottage industries
and some small scale businesses
• Government recently opened a stock
market to encourage foreign investment
• Large amount of government debt
• High unemployment rate
• Large disparity between rich and poor
• Federal Republic of Brazil
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Location: South America
Government: Federal Republic
• President Dilma Rousseff (Since 2011)
• President is elected by popular vote and can
only serve one 4 year term
• Voting is compulsory (mandatory) for men
and women between ages of 18 and 70;
voting is optional for men and women
between 16-18 or over 70
• People between 18-70 who do not vote must
pay a fine
• National Congress is elected by people
• National constitution is designed to protect
people’s rights
• Separation of powers
• 10 major political parties
Economy: Market (Free Enterprise)
• GDP per capita= $11,600 per year
• Main exports = Manufactured products,
textiles, minerals, agricultural products
• One of the world’s fastest growing
economies
• Private ownership of business is allowed
• Limited government intervention in economy
• Extremely low government debt
• Growing investment from foreign companies
• Strong stock market to attract investment
• A key player in world trade
• Rapidly growing middle class
• The Republic of South
Africa
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Location: Southern Africa
Government: Federal Republic
• President Jacob Zuma (Since 2009)
• Both men and women over the age of
18 are allowed to vote for members of
the National Assembly
• National Assembly elects President for
5 year terms in office (limited to two
terms)
• Freedom of speech, religion, press
• Constitution to ensure equality and civil
rights
• 4 major political parties
• Years of Apartheid (racial segregation)
ended in 1994
• Some whites (especially farmers) face
discrimination by the government
Economy: Socialist
• GDP per capita= $11,000 per year
• Main exports = Minerals, manufactured
goods, agricultural goods
• One of the world’s fastest growing
economies
• Private ownership of business is
allowed
• Government controls electrical
production, management some mineral
resources, healthcare, and education
• Modern infrastructure
• High unemployment rate
• World’s 18th largest stock market
• Rapidly growing middle class