Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
European science in the Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Post-classical history wikipedia , lookup
Late Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Early Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Merovingian dynasty wikipedia , lookup
Christianity in the 11th century wikipedia , lookup
High Middle Ages wikipedia , lookup
Unit 8 Lesson 3 The Rise of the Franks Lesson 3 – The Rise of the Franks Fill in the Blanks 1. The ____________ gets its name from the fact that it falls between ancient times and the modern period. (Middle Ages/classical Age) 2. In the 500s a powerful group known as the ______________ conquered Gaul, the region we now call France. (Franks/Muslims) 3. ___________________ was the first king of the Franks to convert to Christianity. (Saint Patrick/Clovis) 4. A brilliant warrior and a strong king, _______________ led the Franks to conquer much of what once was Roman Empire. (Clovis/Charlemagne) 5. While the Franks were building their empire, _________________, Magyar, and Viking invaders were attacking settlements across Europe. (Christians/Muslims) 6. While it is unusual, Hilde loves to swim. She is 50 feet below the surface of the water. She then swims up 20 feet. Which integer represents her starting depth? Generalization: Leaders impact both their own people and other peoples Big Idea – The Franks, led by Charlemagne, crated a huge Christian empire and brought together scholars from around Europe - analyze – what changes did the Franks make under Clovis? Converted to Christianity and became one of the strongest kingdoms in Europe - compare – in what way was the empire of the Franks under Charlemagne like the Roman Empire? Covered much of the same territory - evaluate – which of Charlemagne’s accomplishments do you think had the most lasting effect? Why? He built schools across Europe; the scholars he brought together helped shape religious and social life in Europe for centuries. The Franks were a nomadic Germanic tribe from the Rhine River Valley - in the 400s they moved into Gaul - would give their name to their new country -- France Why called the Dark Ages? - Began with the collapse of Roman Civilization - Economic - collapse of trade and towns - Cultural - lose of literacy and a common language - Political/Military - personal ties of loyalty to a leader rather than citizenship or loyalty to country or king The Franks first great power to emerge from the Dark Ages Merovingian Dynasty - first Frank Dynasty - Clovis I (ruled 481-511) - made the Franks most powerful group in Western Europe - converted to Christianity in 496 - by wife – Clotilda - his people converted with him - sons and grandson extended kingdom - all of France, Belgium and parts of Germany - challenges to the dynasty - officials and household corrupt - murder and assassination common - was divided into 3 independent kingdoms - Outside threat - Moslem invaders - had taken Spain and was moving on France The Merovingians ruled in name, but not in fact - real power – the Mayor of the Palace - Charles Martel came to power 714 - king in everything but name - defeated the Moslems in 732 - Battle of Tours - stopped the Moslem advance into Europe - Martel learned the advantage of mounted cavalry Pepin the Short (son of Charles Martel) - next Mayor of the Palace (ruled 741-768) - convinced Pope Boniface that he was the real power - 752 – Boniface crowned him king - last Merovingian king shipped off to a monastery Charlemagne – the first Carolingian King - son of Pepin the Short - he and his brother joint rulers – brother died 3 years later - now the sole ruler - maintained alliance between Franks and the Church - protected the Pope from non-Christian barbarian tribes - mainly the Lombards - forcibly converted the Saxons to Christianity - expanded his empire - most of the old Western Roman Empire - crowned emperor by Pope Leo III - Holy Roman Empire - Not well educated, but strong supporter of education - established schools throughout empire - Carolingian minuscule - learned to read as an adult - Carolingian Renaissance - Patron of the arts End of the Carolingian Empire - Followed by his son – Louis the Pious - immediately divided the empire between his 3 sons - Louis the German - eastern lands (modern Germany) - Charles the Bald - western lands (modern France) - Lothair the Elder - got the lands in between, smaller, but included the capital and the Papal States. He also got the title Holy Roman Emperor - the sons immediately started fighting among themselves Oaths of Strasbourg – 842 - agreement between Louis and Charles to join together against Lothair - treaty in two languages (French and German) - the Franks had already split into two different groups - 843 – fighting ended with the Treaty of Verdun - permanent 3 way split - would never reunite