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The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™
ISSN 2307-8235 (online)
IUCN 2008: T22728359A94981736
Scope: Global
Language: English
Zoothera turipavae, Guadalcanal Thrush
Assessment by: BirdLife International
View on www.iucnredlist.org
Citation: BirdLife International. 2016. Zoothera turipavae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2016: e.T22728359A94981736. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.20163.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™
Taxonomy
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Turdidae
Taxon Name: Zoothera turipavae Cain & Galbraith, 1955
Common Name(s):
• English:
Guadalcanal Thrush
Taxonomic Source(s):
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016.
HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx
Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Identification Information:
20 cm. Small dark grey-brown thrush. Upperparts plain with faint buffy eye-ring and fading more rufous
onto rump. Throat paler and underparts spotted off-white, with more prominent, larger spots on belly.
Bill dark, long legs dark fleshy-horn. Similar spp. Island Thrush Turdus poliocephalus plain brown with
yellow bill, eye-ring and legs, juveniles duller with irregular tawny and orange spots. Voice Loud, clear
song with repeated phrases.
Assessment Information
Red List Category & Criteria:
Vulnerable D1+2 ver 3.1
Year Published:
2016
Date Assessed:
October 1, 2016
Justification:
This unobtrusive, shy species has a very small population inhabiting a very small range, leading to its
classification as Vulnerable. However, there are extremely few data on which to base this estimate and it
may prove either to be more widespread (and thus warrant downlisting to Near Threatened) or to be
threatened by introduced mammals (and thus warrant uplisting to Endangered or even Critically
Endangered).
Previously Published Red List Assessments
2012 – Vulnerable (VU) – http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T22728359A39721079.en
2008 – Vulnerable (VU)
2004 – Vulnerable (VU)
2000 – Vulnerable (VU)
1994 – Not Recognized (NR)
1988 – Not Recognized (NR)
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Geographic Range
Range Description:
Zoothera turipavae has been recorded just three times from the type locality and ocne from another
nearby location on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, where there appears to be c.100 km2 of suitable
habitat. One specimen was taken in 1953 (Cain and Galbraith 1956) and singles were seen in 1994 and
1997 (Gibbs 1996, G. Dutson pers. obs. 1997) and one individual was observed at 1,600 m on Mt.
Mbutohaina in 2013 (M. Lagerqvist in litt. 2016).. The 1994 and 1997 records were of singing birds but
no others were heard during these visits, which totalled about 10 days in suitable habitat. All other
Melanesian Zoothera thrushes appear to be locally common but may be patchily distributed (G. Dutson
pers. obs. 1997).
Country Occurrence:
Native: Solomon Islands
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Distribution Map
Zoothera turipavae
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Population
The population is estimated to number 250-999 mature individuals based on an assessment of known
records and range size. This is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners and
the fact that only a proportion of the estimated Extent of Occurrence is likely to be occupied.
Trend Justification
There is no data and the population trend is not known, but is assumed to be stable.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information)
The 1994 and 1997 birds were singing at 1,450-1,500 m at the altitudinal intergrade of montane and
mossy forest, where it occurs with Island Thrush Turdus poliocephalus (Gibbs 1996, G. Dutson pers. obs.
1997). In 2013 one individual was observed at 1,600 m on Mt. Mbutohaina (M. Lagerqvist in litt. 2016).
It is presumably a typical, largely terrestrial, ground thrush.
Systems: Terrestrial
Threats (see Appendix for additional information)
Although it may occur above the altitudes of logging and other human causes of forest degradation,
intensive logging on west Guadalcanal may have had a negative impact on the species's habitat as some
of these operations occurred in hill forest habitats and have altered the hydrology of the area (C. Filardi
in litt. 2012). In addition, mining and prospecting activity has intensified in recent few years (C. Filardi in
litt. 2012). It may be affected by introduced mammalian predators, especially cats and rats which are
relatively common at high altitudes on Guadalcanal (T. Leary in litt. 2000).
Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information)
Conservation Actions Underway
None is known. Some surveys are planned to obtain more up-to-date data on the species within the
next year (C. Filardi in litt. 2012).
Conservation Actions Proposed
Survey other high mountains on Guadalcanal. Use mist-nets and tape-recordings to help locate it. Survey
at lower altitudes on the southern watershed. Research basic population ecology and habitat
requirements of closely related Makira Thrush Z. margaretae. Assess the threat from introduced
mammals. If judged necessary, instigate control measures against introduced mammals. Work with landowning communities to conserve large areas of suitable habitat.
Credits
Assessor(s):
BirdLife International
Reviewer(s):
Butchart, S. & Symes, A.
Contributor(s):
Dutson, G., Leary, T., Filardi, C. & Lagerqvist, M.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Facilitators(s) and
Compiler(s):
Benstead, P., Derhé, M., Dutson, G., Ekstrom, J., Mahood, S., North, A.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Bibliography
Cain, A. J.; Galbraith, I. C. J. 1956. Field notes on the birds of the eastern Solomon Islands. Ibis 98: 100134, 262-295.
Gibbs, D. 1996. Notes on Solomon Island birds. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 116: 18-25.
IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.
(Accessed: 07 December 2016).
Citation
BirdLife International. 2016. Zoothera turipavae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016:
e.T22728359A94981736. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
Disclaimer
To make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use.
External Resources
For Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
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Appendix
Habitats
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Habitat
Season
Suitability
Major
Importance?
1. Forest -> 1.9. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
Resident
Suitable
Yes
Threats
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Threat
Timing
Scope
Severity
Impact Score
11. Climate change & severe weather -> 11.1. Habitat
shifting & alteration
Future
Whole (>90%)
Unknown
Unknown
Stresses:
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.3. Indirect ecosystem effects
Ongoing
Minority (50%)
Stresses:
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
Ongoing
Minority (50%)
Stresses:
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
Ongoing
Majority (5090%)
Stresses:
2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortality
Ongoing
Majority (5090%)
Stresses:
2. Species Stresses -> 2.3. Indirect species effects ->
2.3.7. Reduced reproductive success
3. Energy production & mining -> 3.2. Mining &
quarrying
5. Biological resource use -> 5.3. Logging & wood
harvesting -> 5.3.4. Unintentional effects: (large
scale) [harvest]
8. Invasive and other problematic species, genes &
diseases -> 8.1. Invasive non-native/alien
species/diseases -> 8.1.2. Named species (Felis catus)
8. Invasive and other problematic species, genes &
diseases -> 8.1. Invasive non-native/alien
species/diseases -> 8.1.2. Named species
Unknown
Negligible declines
Negligible declines
Negligible declines
Unknown
Low impact: 4
Low impact: 5
Low impact: 5
Conservation Actions in Place
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Conservation Actions in Place
In-Place Research, Monitoring and Planning
Action Recovery plan: No
Systematic monitoring scheme: No
In-Place Land/Water Protection and Management
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
7
Conservation Actions in Place
Conservation sites identified: Yes, over part of range
Occur in at least one PA: No
Invasive species control or prevention: No
In-Place Species Management
Successfully reintroduced or introduced beningly: No
Subject to ex-situ conservation: No
In-Place Education
Subject to recent education and awareness programmes: No
Included in international legislation: No
Subject to any international management/trade controls: No
Conservation Actions Needed
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Conservation Actions Needed
1. Land/water protection -> 1.1. Site/area protection
2. Land/water management -> 2.2. Invasive/problematic species control
Research Needed
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Research Needed
1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends
1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology
1. Research -> 1.5. Threats
Additional Data Fields
Distribution
Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No
Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) (km²): 650
Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
8
Distribution
Number of Locations: 1
Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
Lower elevation limit (m): 1000
Upper elevation limit (m): 1500
Population
Number of mature individuals: 250-999
Continuing decline of mature individuals: Unknown
Extreme fluctuations: No
Population severely fragmented: No
No. of subpopulations: 1
Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No
All individuals in one subpopulation: Yes
No. of individuals in largest subpopulation: 100
Habitats and Ecology
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Generation Length (years): 3
Movement patterns: Not a Migrant
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Zoothera turipavae – published in 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728359A94981736.en
9
The IUCN Red List Partnership
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species
Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership.
The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens
Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew;
Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.
THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™