Download The Muscular System - Kalaheo High School

Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Your Muscular System
Objectives
Describe the functions of the three types of
muscles.
Explain how you can keep your muscular
system healthy.
Define:
AtrophyHypertrophyAnabolic Steroids-
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Definitions:
*Atrophy- A condition in which muscles that cannot
contract or are not used often weaken and shrink.
*Hypertrophy- An enlargement of the muscle tissue as a
result from an increase in size rather than number of
muscle cells.
*Anabolic Steroids- An artificial form of the male
hormone testosterone that is used to increase muscle
size and strength.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
What do your Muscles do?
• Muscles move your eyes as you read.
• Muscles in your chest allow you to breathe.
• Muscles in your heart pump your blood.
• Every time your body moves, muscles are at work.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Types of Muscle
3 types of muscles
• *Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle that
causes movements within your body.
• *Cardiac muscle is involuntary muscle that is
found only in the heart.
• *Skeletal muscles are the muscles that you
control to do activities, such as walk or play a
musical instrument. A thick strand of tissue called
a tendon attaches a muscle to a bone.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Types of Muscle
3 types of muscles
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Which type of muscle are the following?
1.
2.
3.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
How Muscles Work
• *All muscles do work by contracting, or becoming
shorter and thicker.
• *Many skeletal muscles work in pairs.
• *One muscle in the pair contracts to move the
bone in one direction.
• *Then, the other muscle in the pair contracts to
move the bone back.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Muscle Pairs
Biceps contracted
Triceps relaxed
Biceps relaxed
Triceps contracted
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
The Muscular System
8
3
4
5
3) Trapezius
8) Biceps
9
10
9) Triceps
11
10) External oblique
4) Deltoid
11) Rectus abdominus
5) Pectoralis major
12) Quadriceps muscles
12
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Keeping Healthy
• You can maintain a healthy muscular system by
regularly participating in different types of exercise.
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Working Your Muscles
• *Muscular Endurance is the amount of times a
muscle can contract without getting tired.
• Examples: Bench pressing a light amount of
weight many times. Hiking the pill boxes.
Swimming to flat island.
• *Muscular Strength is the amount of force a muscle
can generate 1 or 2 times.
• Examples: Bench pressing a heavy weight a few
times. Jumping to block a volleyball. Pitching a
baseball.
• Other exercises make individual fibers grow, which
causes the muscles to thicken and increase in
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strength.
Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Working Your Muscles
• Other exercises make individual fibers grow, which
causes the muscles to thicken and increase in
strength.
Question: What is this process called?
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Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Preventing Muscle Cramps
• A muscle cramp is a strong, uncontrolled muscle
contraction.
• To relieve a cramp, try stretching and massaging the
affected area and exercising the limb gently.
• Drinking plenty of water before and during exercise
can help you avoid muscle cramps.
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