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A.P. Biology-Unit 5 Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Review Sheet Name: 1. Write the formulas for Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis. Give overall purpose of each. CR-converts stored energy (glucose) usable energy (ATP) Enzymes C6H12O6+6O2 6CO2+6H2O+38ATP+Heat Photo-converts light energy to stored chemical energy (glucose) Enzymes 6CO2+12H2O C6H12O6+6O2+6H2O Light, Chlorophyll 2. Draw “circle picture”-make 3-4 summary statements about its importance. 1. Sun is ultimate source of energy for most of life on earth (cells). 2. Energy is not recycled. The sun must shine. When ATP is used, work is done. That energy is not put back into cells. 3. Matter is used in converting usable energy is recycled (CO2, H2O, O2). Sun PS CO2 H2O/enzymes C6H12O6+O2 ATP and work 3. 4. 5. 6. CR Define Endergonic/Exergonic, Catabolic/Anabolic, and Energy Coupling. Give an example of each from both Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis. (Include ATP and glucose in each example) 1. Energy is released from the sun (exergonic) and through photosynthesis is used first to make ATP (endergonic) and NADPH which is immediately released (exergonic) to go into the bonds of newly made glucose (endergonic). 2. In CR, the glucose is broken down (exergonic) and the released energy is put (endergonic) into the bonds of ATP. Study leaf and stomata. Study both 1 page papers. Complete the chart below: Process CR Step 1-Glycolysis 2-Int. Step 3-Kreb’s Cycle 4-ETS Photo 1-LDR Purpose Make Pyruvic acid w/ O2: make acetyl CoA w/out O2: fermentation Get rest of energy from molecules Convert NADH & FADH2 to ATP Convert sun to usable energy Where Cytoplasm Outcome -2ATP+4ATP+2NADH Cytoplasm Mitochondria Cytoplasm 2NADH Mitochondrial Matrix 2ATP+6NADH+2FADH2 Cristae of Mitochondria 34 ATP Thylakoid Membrane Cyclic=ATP Noncyclic=ATP+NADPH+O2 Lactic Acid/alcohol A.P. Biology-Unit 5 Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Review Sheet 2-LIR Convert usable energy to stored Stroma Name: C6H12O6 7. Define the following terms: (Be sure to use and explain the words in ( ) in your explanation. a. Electron Transport (cytochrome, redox, cristae, thylakoid) Moving e- (from the H picked up by NAD+) from cytochrome (proteins with Fe that do redox reactions) to cytochrome to pump H+ to one side of a membrane (cristae or thylakoid) Reduction=gain e Oxidation=lose e- (Leo Ger) In CR- final e- acceptor= O2 In Photo-NADPH b. Chemiosmosis (oxidative phosphorylation) Using H+ conc. Gradient to make ATP. H+ move through ATP Synthase to provide energy to convert ADP to ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation-uses O2 as final e- acceptor Photophosphorylation- uses sun’s energy to make ATP (final acceptor=NADPH) c. Substrate Level Phosphorylation (and where) Where=Glycolysis and Kreb’s Cycle Creating ATP without ETS Enzymes move P from a substrate to ADP d. Photosystem (other pigments) A chlorophyll a pigment molecule that can gather up sun’s energy from other pigments (dif. Pigments gather different wavelengths of light) and use energy to raise an e- to a higher energy level e. ATP (work)-“usable” energy for the cell. Energy is stored in bonds of the molecule (P bonds). When ATP is dephosphorylated, energy is released (exergonic) so that other molecules can be phosphorylated, and thus, do work in the cell.