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ҚАЗАҚСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫ БІЛІМ ЖӘНЕ ҒЫЛЫМ МИНИСТРЛІГІ МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН СЕМЕЙ ҚАЛАСЫНЫҢ ШӘКӘРІМ АТЫНДАҒЫ МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ имени ШАКАРИМА г. СЕМЕЙ Иностранная филология кафедрасы Кафедра иностранной филологии ТЕСТОВЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ по дисциплине «Формирование технического тезауруса» для 2 рубежного контроля для студентов 2 курса специальностей 5В070300 – «Информационные системы», 5В070100 – «Биотехнология», 5В07200 – «Химическая технология неорганических веществ», 5В071700 – «Теплоэнергетика», 5В072300 – «Техническая физика» Количество кредитов - 3 Семестр – 3 Семей 2015 @@@ General Scientific Lexis $$$ 1A The study of the nature and behavior of natural things and knowledge obtained about them is… A. science B. geometry C. technology D. innovation E. scientist $$$ 2A Someone who works in science is… A. scientist B. geometry C. technology D. innovation E. science $$$ 3A Scientific knowledge applied for practical purposes is… A. technology B. geometry C. data D. innovation E. science $$$ 4A Researchers who work in a particular area of technology are… A. technologists B. innovators C. informers D. hosts E. physicians $$$ 5A The first, experimental, versions of a new technological idea are… A. prototypes B. innovators C. informers D. hosts E. physicians $$$ 6A The act of thinking of new ideas, developments, and improvements is… A. innovation B. data C. information D. practice E. formula $$$ 7A A piece of research may be referred to as a… A. study or a research study B. data C. information D. practice E. formula $$$ 8A Scientific research often takes place in… A. lab B. auditorium C. hall D. bench E. classroom $$$ 9A Scientific tests that are carried out, conducted, done, or performed to see what happens to something in particular conditions are… A. experiments B. suggestions C. thoughts D. theories E. claims $$$ 10A A _______ experiment is one done in real surroundings and not in a laboratory. A. field B. laboratory C. thought D. theoretical E. practical $$$ 11A A _______ experiment is one done in real surroundings and not in a laboratory. A. field B. laboratory C. thought D. theoretical E. practical $$$ 12A A _______ experiment is done by thinking about a problem, rather than experimenting on it. A. thought B. laboratory C. field D. theoretical E. practical $$$ 13A A table used for conducting experiments is a ____________. A. laboratory bench B. test tube C. microscope D. sample E. specimen $$$ 14A A _________ is a small tube-shaped container used in experiments. A. test tube B. laboratory bench C. microscope D. sample E. specimen $$$ 15A The ____________, or reality, of experimental results is tested by repeating the experiments to see if the results obtained are the same. A. validity B. informative C. expectance D. simplicity E. difficulty $$$ 16A A _____________ is something that is seen to occur or exist: it is observed. A. phenomenon B. information C. data D. experiment E. knowledge $$$ 17A Unprocessed, unanalyzed data is ______ data. A. raw B. new C. inaccurate D. accurate E. significant $$$ 18A Data is collected or gathered. It is then processed and analysed in a process of ________. A. analysis B. conference C. investigation D. recollection E. rewriting $$$ 19A Approaching scientific problems by hypothesizing about them and testing these hypotheses by observation and experimentation is often described as being _________. A. empirical B. theoretical C. investigative D. insignificant E. new $$$ 20A The _________ of something is the person who finds it or becomes aware of it for the first time by discovering it or by making a discovery. A. discoverer B. theoretician C. investigator D. experimentalist E. innovator $$$ 21A Scientists who are the first to do work in a principal area are _____________. A. pioneers B. theoreticians C. investigators D. experimentalists E. innovators $$$ 22A A _______ is an idea or set of ideas designed to explain something. The related adjective is theoretical. A. theory B. formula C. proof D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 23A A _________ of a phenomenon, system, or process is a theoretical description of it, designed to aid understanding of how it works. A. model B. formula C. proof D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 24A A statement in mathematics or logic that is the product of reasoning is a ______. A. theorem B. formula C. proof D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 25A The explanation of this reasoning is the theorem’s ______, often in the form of a series of equations. A. proof B. formula C. suggestion D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 26A A ________ is a series of mathematical, chemical, or other symbols that express a scientific rule. A. formula B. thought C. suggestion D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 27A Theorems, principles, and laws are often preceded by the name of the person who first formulated them, e.g. _____________. A. the Copernican principle B. the Einstein’s principle C. the Rutherford’s principle D. the Hooke’s principle E. the Young’s principle $$$ 28A If you deduce or infer something, you can come to the conclusion that it is true. _________ or inference can refer to a conclusion and to the process of reaching it. A. Deduction B. Information C. Data collection D. Experiment conduction E. Examining $$$ 29A Scientists usually publish their results or findings in articles or papers in scientific ___________. A. Journals B. Auditoriums C. Data collection D. Experiments E. Examinations $$$ 30A _________ describes words that relate to science. A. Scientific B. New C. Comprehensive D. Up-to-date E. Modern $$$ 31A Information obtained by making observations and making _________ of them is data. A. measurements B. constructions C. renovations D. changes E. alternations $$$ 32A __________ is collected or gathered. A. data B. experiment C. laboratory D. theorem E. formula $$$ 33A An experiment may be done to test a _________: to see whether a suggested explanation for something is true. A. hypothesis B. idea C. laboratory D. theory E. formula $$$ 33A A discovery may be described as a ________. People may say that it is groundbreaking or that it breaks new ground. A. breakthrough B. idea C. laboratory D. theory E. formula $$$ 34A People who produce and work on theories are ______________. A. theorists or theoreticians B. ideologists C. laboratory experts D. mathematicians E. physicists $$$ 35A General statements that are confirmed by observations are ______________. A. principles and laws B. theorists or theoreticians C. ideas and thoughts D. books and journals E. suggestions $$$ 36A Deduction or inference can refer to a conclusion and to the process of reaching it. Reasoning like this is deductive in its logic and may be described as ______________. A. logical B. illogical C. inaccurate D. unclear E. suggestive $$$ 37A Scientists usually publish their results or _________ in articles or papers in scientific journals. A. findings B. thoughts C. ideas D. suggestions E. rules $$$ 38A If someone delivers, gives or presents a paper at a meeting such as this, they make an oral ________________. A. presentation B. suggestion C. innovation D. technology E. rules $$$ 39A A scientist presents findings to a conference on something, delivers a paper at a meeting, or gives a paper on something at an international ___________. A. congress B. laboratory C. circle D. party E. readings $$$ 40A Articles and papers are _______ to journals for assessment before publication. A. submitted B. performed C. rewritten D. changed E. altered $$$ 41A What are experiments? A. scientific tests that are carried out, conducted, done, or performed to see what happens to something in particular conditions B. small tube-shaped containers used in experiments C. information obtained by making observations and making measurements of them D. data and other information which form the evidence for the conclusions E. something is the person who finds it or becomes aware of it for the first time $$$ 42A What is a phenomenon? A. it is something that is seen to occur or exist: it is observed B. small tube-shaped containers used in experiments C. information obtained by making observations and making measurements of them D. data and other information which form the evidence for the conclusions E. something is the person who finds it or becomes aware of it for the first time $$$ 43A What is a test tube? A. small tube-shaped containers used in experiments B. it is something that is seen to occur or exist: it is observed C. information obtained by making observations and making measurements of them D. data and other information which form the evidence for the conclusions E. something is the person who finds it or becomes aware of it for the first time $$$ 44A What is the validity of an experiment? A. it is tested by repeating the experiments to see if the results obtained are the same B. it is something that is seen to occur or exist: it is observed C. information obtained by making observations and making measurements of them D. data and other information which form the evidence for the conclusions E. something is the person who finds it or becomes aware of it for the first time $$$ 45A An experiment may be done to test a _________: to see whether a suggested explanation for something is true. A. hypothesis B. idea C. laboratory D. theory E. formula $$$ 46A Scientists usually publish their results or _________ in articles or papers in scientific journals. A. findings B. thoughts C. ideas D. suggestions E. rules $$$ 47A Information obtained by making observations and making _________ of them is data. A. measurements B. constructions C. renovations D. changes E. alternations $$$ 48A A ________ is a series of mathematical, chemical, or other symbols that express a scientific rule. A. formula B. thought C. suggestion D. experiment E. innovation $$$ 49A Approaching scientific problems by hypothesizing about them and testing these hypotheses by observation and experimentation is often described as being _________. A. empirical B. theoretical C. investigative D. insignificant E. new $$$ 50A Scientists who are the first to do work in a principal area are _____________. A. pioneers B. theoreticians C. investigators D. experimentalists E. innovators $$$ 51A The basis for all chemistry and biochemistry are _____________. A. physical laws governing the behavior of molecules, atoms, and nuclei B. theories C. investigations D. experiments E. innovations $$$ 52A The fourth state of matter is ______. A. plasma B. liquid C. gas D. water E. solid $$$ 52A What of the following terms may be referred to the term “crop”? A. genetically engineered B. saturated C. humid D. sterilized E. solid $$$ 53A What of the following terms may be referred to the term “food”? A. nutrition B. satellite C. humid D. deforestation E. solidify $$$ 54A What of the following terms may be referred to the term “toxin”? A. poisonous B. nutritious C. effective D. sufficient E. enormous $$$ 55A What of the following substances are used in agriculture to protect plants and crops? A. fertilizers B. toxins C. poisons D. modificators E. dyes $$$ 56A What element / substance is the basis for the majority of fertilizers? A. nitrogen B. chlorine C. sulphuric acid D. fluoride E. pigments $$$ 57A Molecular footprints that are secreted by cells as the disease progresses from one stage to the next are known as _____. A. biomarkers B. toxins C. acids D. fluorides E. pigments $$$ 58A Biotechnology research tools are used to ______. A. treat cancer on a variety of fronts B. create new devices and engines C. build new infrastructural objects D. design new software E. work out new geodesy programmes $$$ 59A Alfa- and beta-radiation was discovered by ______. A. Ernest Rutherford B. Albert Einstein C. James Maxwell D. Robert Hooke E. Thomas Edison $$$ 60B The Theory of Relativity was worked out by ______. A. Ernest Rutherford B. Albert Einstein C. James Maxwell D. Robert Hooke E. Thomas Edison $$$ 61E A telegraphic answering machine was invented by ______. A. Ernest Rutherford B. Albert Einstein C. James Maxwell D. Robert Hooke E. Thomas Edison $$$ 62A An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds is a ______. A. molecule B. neuron C. electron D. proton E. photon $$$ 63A An attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms is a ______. A. chemical bond B. neuron C. electron D. proton E. photon $$$ 64A The electrostatic interaction between electrically charged particles is ______. A. electrostatic force B. neuron C. electron D. proton E. photon $$$ 65B A type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions is ______. A. electrostatic force B. ionic bonding C. chemical bond D. electrostatic interaction E. charge $$$ 66A A metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centered cubic crystal structure is ______. A. diamond B. gas C. water D. oil E. nylon $$$ 67A The small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom is ______. A. nucleus B. gas C. water D. oil E. nylon $$$ 68B The distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals is ______. A. nucleus B. the electron configuration C. water D. oil E. nylon $$$ 69A An elementary particle, the quantum of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation is ______. A. photon B. the electron configuration C. water D. oil E. nylon $$$ 70B Any object having mass is ______. A. technology B. matter C. innovation D. discovery E. breakthrough $$$ 71A The fact that every elementary particle or quantic entity exhibits the properties of not only particles, but also waves is ______. A. wave–particle duality B. matter C. innovation D. discovery E. breakthrough $$$ 72B A theory concerning the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions, as well as classifying all the subatomic particles know is ______. A. wave–particle duality B. the Standard Model C. innovation D. discovery E. breakthrough $$$ 73C The geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 is ______. A. Wave–particle duality B. The Standard Model C. The General Relativity D. The Theory of Colors and Lights E. Gravity $$$ 74A The emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles is ______. A. radiation B. duality C. relativity D. extension E. gravity $$$ 75A Light is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 400 nm to 100 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays is ______. A. UV B. duality C. relativity D. extension E. gravity $$$ 76A Part of the electromagnetic spectrum, with wavelengths shorter than visible light is ______. A. X-radiation B. duality C. relativity D. extension E. gravity $$$ 77A General statements that are confirmed by observations are ______________. A. principles and laws B. theorists or theoreticians C. ideas and thoughts D. books and journals E. suggestions $$$ 78A Biotechnology research tools are used to ______. A. treat cancer on a variety of fronts B. create new devices and engines C. build new infrastructural objects D. design new software E. work out new geodesy programmes $$$ 79A A _______ experiment is done by thinking about a problem, rather than experimenting on it. A. thought B. laboratory C. field D. theoretical E. practical $$$ 80A Unprocessed, unanalyzed data is ______ data. A. raw B. new C. inaccurate D. accurate E. significant $$$ 81A The first, _________, versions of a new technological idea are prototypes (e.g. a prototype version). A. experimental B. new C. inaccurate D. accurate E. significant $$$ 82A What of the following verbs cannot be used to describe the process of experiment? A. involve B. carry out C. conduct D. do E. perform $$$ 83A Scientists usually publish their results and findings in it. A. study B. lab C. tube D. test E. development $$$ 84A An idea or set of ideas designed to explain something is _______. A. theory B. journal C. tube D. test E. development $$$ 85A The act of thinking of new ideas, developments, and improvements is _______. A. innovation B. journal C. tube D. test E. study $$$ 86A A new machine, device, or product is _______. A. invention B. journal C. tube D. gadget E. study $$$ 87A A theoretical description of a phenomenon, system, or process is _______. A. model B. journal C. tube D. gadget E. study $$$ 88A Scientists interpret it in order to reach conclusions. A. data B. journals C. models D. gadgets E. studies $$$ 89A Critical examination is _______. A. analysis B. journal C. model D. gadget E. study $$$ 90A A scientific test is _______. A. experiment B. analysis C. model D. gadget E. study $$$ 91A The study of the nature and behavior of natural things is _______. A. science B. analysis C. model D. gadget E. study $$$ 92A If you deduce or infer something, you can come to the ____________ that it is true. A. conclusion B. analysis C. model D. journal E. study $$$ 93A An equality containing one or more variables is ___________. A. equality B. analysis C. conclusion D. journal E. study $$$ 94A The general construct of a relationship between given quantities is a ___________. A. formula B. analysis C. conclusion D. journal E. study $$$ 95A An experiment may be done to test a hypothesis: to see whether a suggested explanation for something is true. A. hypothesis B. analysis C. conclusion D. journal E. study $$$ 96A Experiments may be conducted on samples or _________. A. specimens B. tubes C. benches D. journals E. elements $$$ 97A Substance consisting of 2 or more substances physically combined together is a _________. A. mixture B. element C. compound D. liquid E. plasma $$$ 98C A chemical that consists of 2 or more elements chemically combined is a _________. A. mixture B. element C. compound D. liquid E. plasma $$$ 99A What of the following is an example of a compound? A. glucose B. air C. soil D. milk E. plasma $$$ 100A What of the following is not an example of a mixture? A. sulphuric acid B. air C. soil D. milk E. cream @@@ Scientific Branches and Applications. Engineering. $$$ 1A In the coming years, most of the commercial application of biotechnology will be in three markets: environment, agriculture and ________. A. medical B. information technology C. breeding D. geodesy E. food and drinks $$$ 2A Medical biotechnology includes: diagnostics, therapeutics and ________. A. vaccines B. antibiotics C. breeding D. pharmacy E. food and drinks $$$ 3A Agricultural biotechnology includes: plant and animal agriculture, and ______. A. food processing B. antibiotics C. breeding D. pharmacy E. vaccines $$$ 4A Environmental biotechnology includes _________. A. cleaning through bioremediation B. antibiotics C. breeding D. pharmacy E. vaccines $$$ 5A __________ allows for the identification of individuals by analyzing section of DNA that vary widely from one individual to another. A. DNA fingerprinting B. cleaning through bioremediation C. breeding D. pharmacy E. vaccines $$$ 6A __________ is a biological preparation that establishes or improves immunity to a particular disease. A. vaccine B. penicillin C. breeding D. pharmacy E. DNA $$$ 7A Pure natural sciences are typically divided into the physical and _______ sciences. A. biological B. mathematical C. medical D. IT E. genetic $$$ 8A What of the following belongs to exact sciences? A. chemistry B. paleontology C. zoology D. biology E. arts $$$ 9A The kind of chemistry that deals mostly with the composition of substances is ____. A. analytical chemistry B. biochemistry C. physical chemistry D. organic chemistry E. inorganic chemistry $$$ 10B A science that is concerned with the composition and changes in the formation of living species is ____. A. analytical chemistry B. biochemistry C. physical chemistry D. organic chemistry E. inorganic chemistry $$$ 11C The type of chemistry that deals with the discovery and description of the theoretical basis of the behavior of chemical substances is ____. A. analytical chemistry B. biochemistry C. physical chemistry D. organic chemistry E. inorganic chemistry $$$ 12E The branch of chemistry that deals with substances not containing carbon is ____. A. analytical chemistry B. biochemistry C. physical chemistry D. organic chemistry E. inorganic chemistry $$$ 13D Specific type of chemistry that is concerned with elements containing carbon is ____. A. analytical chemistry B. biochemistry C. physical chemistry D. organic chemistry E. inorganic chemistry $$$ 14A What of the following sciences is interdisciplinary? A. biochemistry B. biology C. chemistry D. physics E. zoology $$$ 15A What is the application of science? A. technology B. data C. gadget D. experiment E. lab $$$ 16A Engineering is the field of applying science and ______. A. mathematics B. data C. gadget D. experiment E. lab $$$ 17A What type of engineering requires an understanding of chemistry and even molecules and their interactions? A. chemical B. civil C. power D. mechanical E. industrial $$$ 18A What is a heat pump? A. a machine or device that moves heat from one location (the “source”) to another location B. scientific knowledge applied for practical purposes C. the first, experimental, version of a new technological idea D. the study of the nature and behavior of natural things and knowledge obtained about them E. A table used for conducting experiments $$$ 19A What doesn’t belong to the main components of heat pump? A. test tube B. condenser C. expansion valve D. evaporator E. condessor $$$ 20A What is an isobaric process? A. thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure B. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature C. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume D. the amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance E. a device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance $$$ 21B What is an isothermal process? A. thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure B. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature C. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume D. the amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance E. a device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance $$$ 22C What is an isochoric process? A. thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure B. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature C. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume D. the amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance E. a device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance $$$ 23D What is an internal energy? A. thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure B. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature C. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume D. the amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance E. a device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance $$$ 24E What is a jet engine? A. thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure B. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature C. thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume D. the amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance E. a device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance $$$ 25A Thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure is an ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 26B Thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is an ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 27C Thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is an ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 28D The amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance is ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 29E A device in which the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the energy of the jet working substance is ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. a jet engine $$$ 30E A non-equilibrium process, which can take place only in one direction is an ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 31A A system that communicates with the environment and material, and work and energy is ___ thermodynamic system. A. open B. closed C. isolated D. reversed E. irreversible $$$ 32A The force with which the gas (or vapor) acts on a unit area of its shell is ___. A. pressure B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 33A Transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase is ___. A. vaporization B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 34B A measure (or degree) of a heated body is ___. A. vaporization B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 35A A special form of energy transfer, which in contrast to the work is not associated with a visible movement of the body is ___. A. heat B. vaporization C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 36D The mass per unit volume is ___. A. vaporization B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 37A A device for increasing the pressure in the working fluid is ___. A. compressor B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 38A Intensive process of vaporization of liquid (transfer of a substance from a liquid to a gaseous state) is ___. A. boiling B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 39A The body that is not in thermodynamic system is ___. A. environment B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 40A The use of exhaust gas heat (or steam) for heating the incoming air, water and fuel to the plant is ___. A. regeneration B. temperature C. environment D. density E. dimension $$$ 41A A system that communicates with the environment and material, and work and energy is ___ thermodynamic system. A. open B. closed C. isolated D. reversed E. irreversible $$$ 42D The amount of energy of all kinds of motion and interaction of particles that make up the substance is ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 43D The mass per unit volume is ___. A. vaporization B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 44A The force with which the gas (or vapor) acts on a unit area of its shell is ___. A. pressure B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 45A Engineering is the field of applying science and ______. A. mathematics B. data C. gadget D. experiment E. lab $$$46A Pure natural sciences are typically divided into the physical and _______ sciences. A. biological B. mathematical C. medical D. IT E. genetic $$$ 47A Thermodynamic process occurring at constant pressure is an ______. A. isobaric process B. isothermal process C. isochoric process D. internal energy E. irreversible process $$$ 48A What of the following belongs to exact sciences? A. chemistry B. paleontology C. zoology D. biology E. arts $$$ 49A What is the application of science? A. technology B. data C. gadget D. experiment E. lab $$$ 50A What doesn’t belong to the main components of heat pump? A. test tube B. condenser C. expansion valve D. evaporator E. condessor $$$ 51A Choose the correct definition of the first law of thermodynamics. A. the universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work B. sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work C. unreachable absolute zero D. the substance through which the energy conversion done E. transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase $$$ 52B Choose the correct definition of the second law of thermodynamics. A. the universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work B. sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work C. unreachable absolute zero D. the substance through which the energy conversion done E. transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase $$$ 53C Choose the correct definition of the third law of thermodynamics (Nernst theorem). A. the universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work B. sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work C. unreachable absolute zero D. the substance through which the energy conversion done E. transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase $$$ 54D What is a working substance? A. the universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work B. sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work C. unreachable absolute zero D. the substance through which the energy conversion done E. transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase $$$ 55E What is vaporization? A. the universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work B. sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work C. unreachable absolute zero D. the substance through which the energy conversion done E. transition of a substance from a condensed phase (liquid or solid) into the gas phase $$$ 56A The universal application of the law of conservation and transformation of energy to the phenomena of the interconversion of heat and work is ________. A. the first law of thermodynamics B. the second law of thermodynamics C. unreachable absolute zero D. the third law of thermodynamics E. vaporization $$$ 57B What sets the conditions of thermodynamic processes flow conversion of heat into work? A. the first law of thermodynamics B. the second law of thermodynamics C. unreachable absolute zero D. the third law of thermodynamics E. vaporization $$$ 58D Unreachable absolute zero refers to _____. A. the first law of thermodynamics B. the second law of thermodynamics C. working systems D. the third law of thermodynamics E. vaporization $$$ 59A The volume of a unit mass of material is _____. A. specific volume B. specific power C. specific density D. specific heat E. specific pressure $$$ 60A What of the following is the synonym for the term “saturated”? A. wet, humid B. dry C. hot D. clean E. solid $$$ 61A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “engineering”? A. invention B. formula C. plan D. wage E. extend $$$ 62A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “design”? A. formulate B. see C. to be in charge of D. wage E. extend $$$ 63C What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “responsible”? A. formulate B. see C. in charge of D. wage E. extend $$$ 64E What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “develop”? A. formulate B. see C. in charge of D. wage E. extend $$$ 65D What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “salary”? A. formulate B. see C. in charge of D. wage E. extend $$$ 66A Sewage systems belong to the field of _____. A. civil engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power engineering $$$ 67E Producing of boilers and reactors belongs to the field of _____. A. civil engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 68C Elevators, refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment belong to the field of _____. A. civil engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 69D Creating programs for use on computer platforms or on the Internet belongs to the field of _____. A. civil engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 70E The projects of power thermal, nuclear stations are designed in the field of _____. A. civil engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 71A Solving organizational problems and creation of an efficient production process is in the field of _____. A. industrial engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 72B Digital broadcasting and telephone switching systems belong to the _____. A. industrial engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. power thermal engineering $$$ 73E Aircraft and spacecraft are created by_____. A. industrial engineering B. electrical engineering C. mechanical engineering D. software engineering E. aerospace engineering $$$ 74A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “profession”? A. major B. salary C. charge D. wage E. extend $$$ 75A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “petrol”? A. fuel B. salary C. charge D. wage E. extend $$$ 76A The process of making salt water drinkable is called ____. A. desalination B. deforestation C. decompression D. default E. treatment $$$ 77A Which of the following substances is used to sterilize water? A. chlorine B. potassium C. gold D. boron E. bromine $$$ 78B What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “element”? A. fuel B. substance C. cell D. heat E. energy $$$ 79A What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “turn on”? A. switch on B. turn off C. turn to D. turn up E. turn out $$$ 80A Where is nuclear energy produced? A. in a nuclear reactor B. on a nuclear test site C. in steam pipes D. in pre-treatments E. in storages $$$ 81A What element can be used to produce nuclear energy? A. uranium B. potassium C. calcium D. aluminium E. chlorine $$$ 82A What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “filtration”? A. treatment B. pipe C. storage D. cell E. system $$$ 83A What substance is necessary for the process of burning? A. oxygen B. chlorine C. lime D. fluoride E. silver $$$ 84A At a factory the process of burning (for example, coal burning) takes place in the _____. A. furnace B. pipe C. storage D. membrane E. lab $$$ 85A It is possible to get raw syngas as the result of ____ burning. A. coal B. cell C. tube D. membrane E. lab $$$ 86A What of the following refers to fuel? A. oil B. cell C. tube D. membrane E. lab $$$ 87A Sphere of industry connected with biology is _____. A. bio-tech industry B. civil engineering C. medicine D. biochemistry E. economics $$$ 88A What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “aim”? A. goal B. advantage C. solution D. drawback E. shortcoming $$$ 89E What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “drawback”? A. goal B. advantage C. solution D. aim E. shortcoming $$$ 90C When we solve a problem, we find a ______ to it. A. goal B. advantage C. solution D. aim E. shortcoming $$$ 91A What of the following is the most appropriate as the synonym for the term “provide”? A. supply B. create C. decide D. remove E. add $$$ 92A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “engineering”? A. invention B. formula C. plan D. wage E. extend $$$ 93D Unreachable absolute zero refers to _____. A. the first law of thermodynamics B. the second law of thermodynamics C. working systems D. the third law of thermodynamics E. vaporization $$$ 94A What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “petrol”? A. fuel B. salary C. charge D. wage E. extend $$$ 95A Sphere of industry connected with biology is _____. A. bio-tech industry B. civil engineering C. medicine D. biochemistry E. economics $$$ 96A The force with which the gas (or vapor) acts on a unit area of its shell is ___. A. pressure B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 97A The body that is not in thermodynamic system is ___. A. environment B. temperature C. volume D. density E. dimension $$$ 98A What element can be used to produce nuclear energy? A. uranium B. potassium C. calcium D. aluminium E. chlorine $$$ 99E What of the following is the possible synonym for the term “develop”? A. formulate B. see C. in charge of D. wage E. extend $$$100A Pure natural sciences are typically divided into the physical and _______ sciences. A. biological B. mathematical C. medical D. IT E. genetic