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Biodiversity: Week 9 Follow-Along Sheet INVERTEBRATES Concept Map Critique (7 pts) - Individual assignment where you critique another group’s concept map. - Group 1 will do Group 2, Group 2 will do Group 3, etc. Last group does 1st group. DUE: Monday-Wednesday Class: Friday, November 1st, 11:59pm Thursday-Friday Class: Sunday, November 3rd, 11:59pm Moodle Survey (3 pts) - Must complete all at one time. Completely confidential. DUE: Monday-Wednesday Class: Friday, November 8th, 11:59pm Thursday-Friday Class: Sunday, November 11th, 11:59pm • • • • • • Kingdom ______________(Metazoans) Multicellular Lack a backbone Account for _________ of all known animal species Have various body structures Occupy almost every habitat Phylum Porifera: The Sponges • Lack true tissues and organs (Parazoa) • Mostly marine animals • ___________________ • ____________ – remain in one location throughout life • Skeleton is composed of spicules secreted by amoeboid cells • Filter-feeders: Water current is created by the flagella on the _________________ • Simplest forms possess an _______________ Eumetazoans with Radial Symmetry (2 germ layers = Diploblastic) All Eumetazoans have _______ _____________. Animals that possess radial symmetry have a distribution of several planes down a central axis that create equal halves. ›› There is no front, back, left, or right. ›› However, there are ____________ and ____________ surfaces. Phylum Cnidaria • Jellyfish, Hydra, Sea Anemones • Have true tissues (Eumetazoa) • ___________Symmetry Two Distinct diploid body forms: __________: Sea anemone form (sessile) • ________________: 2 tissue layers __________: Jelly-fish form (motile) – Epidermis (outer layer) – Gastrodermis (inner layer) • Incomplete digestive tract, primitive organ development • No anus – waste passes through the mouth! • “Box-jellyfish” (______________) have well-developed eyes. • Cnidocytes - specialized cells that contain stinging structures called ___________________ Three Classes of Cnidaria Class _____________ alternate between medusa and POLYP form Polyp form is dominant examples: Portuguese man-o’war, hydra, fire coral Class _______________ alternate between MEDUSA and polyp form Medusa form is dominant examples: jellyfish, box-jellyfish, sea wasps Class _______________ POLYP form only! examples: most corals, sea fans, sea anemones PHYLUM CTENOPHORA: “Comb Jellies” • Possess 8 comb rows of fused ____________ • Largest organism to use cilia for locomotion! • Usually have a pair of retractable tentacles • Resemble the medusa stage of cnidarians DIPLOBLASTIC : 2 tissue layers - ectoderm and endoderm (also sometimes referred to as ectodermis and gastrodermis, respectively) • Exhibit bioluminescence • No nematocysts (usually) • Have cells called _______________for adhesion to capture prey • ________________ - move with the ocean currents Eumetazoans with Bilateral Symmetry Animals that possess bilateral symmetry can be cut in half along the central axis. ›› _________________ has evolved, resulting in the use of their head for orientation. ›› _________________: Have three germ layers. Examples: 3 Body Plans found in BILATERAL Organisms Acoelomates: No body cavity Pseudocoelomates: Body cavity ______________ lined with mesoderm Coelomates: Body cavity __________________ lined with mesoderm Phylum Platyhelminthes • Also known as “_________________” • Triploblastic: 3 germ layers – Ectoderm: outer layer – Mesoderm: middle layer – Endoderm: inner layer • Acoelomate : no body cavity • Gas exchange occurs across body surface • ________________ : male and female parts • Can undergo ______________ Phylum Nemertea • Commonly called “Ribbon” worms • Possess a ______________ for feeding/capturing prey • • • • BROOKS’ STUDENTS – Nemertea is an _______________: Evidence suggests no body cavity. FRAZIER’S STUDENTS – Nemertea is a ________________: Evidence suggests body cavity partially lined with mesoderm. 1st group to evolve a complete digestive tract! 1st group with a closed circulatory system! Phylum Rotifera • Microscopic organisms • Pseudocoelomate body cavity • Complete digestive tract with mouth and anus • Many reproduce via ____________________ Phylum Nematoda: “Roundworms” • Pseudocoelomate body cavity • Free-living and parasitic species • Extremely abundant • Bodies are NOT segmented • Only have longitudinal muscles – Whips back and forth Phylum Mollusca • Aquatic and terrestrial forms • _________________(mouth forms first – before anus) • 2nd largest animal group (after Phylum Arthropoda, which is the largest) • _______________: Coelom or body cavity completely lined with mesoderm • Body parts: • Mantle • Head/foot • Visceral mass (gills and gut) • Shell (usually) • Radula for feeding Class Cephalopoda: Class Bivalvia: Class Polyplacophora: Class Gastropoda: