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Download Digestive System Notes - Thomas C. Cario Middle School
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Digestive System Notes Digestion – The process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules Functions: 1.) Break down food 2.) Absorb nutrients 3.) Gets rid of solid waste Types of Digestion: 1.) Mechanical – Physically break down food (chewing, crushing, churning) 2.) Chemical – When food is broken into tiny molecules with the help of chemicals Parts of the Digestive System (in order): Part Function/definition Picture Mouth breaks down food chemically and mechanically using teeth, tongue, and saliva Esophagus tube that connects the throat to the stomach. Pushes food using peristalsis Stomach J shaped muscular organ that stores food. Mech. and Chem. digestion occur Small Organ where most Intestine chemical digestion and absorption occur Liver Breaks down toxins and produces bile Gall Bladder Stores bile Pancreas Triangular organ that produces enzymes that help with digestion Large Water is absorbed Intestine from the remains. Waste gets ready for elimination. Rectum Short tube where waste is compressed before it leaves body Associated Vocabulary: Epiglottis – Flap of tissue that controls air and food entering the esophagus or trachea Peristalsis – involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving in the digestive system Mucus – thick, slippery substance that protects the inside of digestive organs Absorption – When nutrient molecules pass through the walls of the digestive system into the bloodstream Bile – a substance that breaks down fat particles Enzyme – Protein that speeds up chemical reactions
