Download Civil War Guided Notes Part 2

Civil War Guided Notes Part 2
Name:_________________________
Union Strategy
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The Union used a strategy they called the Anaconda Plan—they wanted to cut off supplies to the South through
naval blockades.
Battle of Antietam
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On September 17, 1862, the Confederate and Union armies met for battle along Antietam Creek in Maryland.
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The Union suffered more than 12,000 casualties (deaths). The Confederates suffered more than 13,000
casualties.
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This was the bloodiest _________________ battle of the Civil War—and of U.S. history.
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The Union won this battle.
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The Battle of Antietam gave Lincoln the victory he needed to take a very bold step toward ending slavery:
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Lincoln issued the _________________________________________ on September 22, 1862.
Emancipation Proclamation
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The Emancipation Proclamation was a written __________________________ to free all Confederate slaves.
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It freed slaves only in areas controlled by the Confederacy.
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The proclamation had little effect on the Southern states because Lincoln did not control the Confederacy.
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The proclamation did NOT stop slavery in the border states (Union states that still had slaves).
**It was mainly symbolic because it defined what the Union was now fighting against!
The Siege of Vicksburg
The city of Vicksburg, Mississippi is perched on 200-foot-high cliffs above the Mississippi River.
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Union ships couldn’t get past the Confederate guns mounted on the high cliffs of Vicksburg.
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Union ____________________________ came up with the solution to starve the city into surrender.
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The Siege of Vicksburg began in May 1863, cutting off all supplies into the city and bombing it repeatedly.
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Citizens of Vicksburg survived by eating horses, dogs, and rats as their supplies ran out.
Ironclads: (warships heavily armored with iron) were used by the Union to bomb Vicksburg from the Mississippi River.
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After six weeks of constant bombardment , the Confederates surrendered on July 4th, 1863.
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Capturing Vicksburg was a big victory for the Union.
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The Union army now controlled the Mississippi River, which was an important supply line for Confederates.
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Capturing Vicksburg also _______________ the Confederacy in two.
Battle of Gettysburg
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Confederate soldiers, looking for boots and supplies, raided the small town of Gettysburg Pennsylvania, in the
summer of 1863.
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On July 1, 1863 General Lee’s troops ran into Union soldiers in Gettysburg.
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This triggered the Battle of Gettysburg, a key 3-day battle that finally turned the tide of war against the
Confederates.
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____________________________________On the third day of this battle, Confederate General George Pickett
marched nearly 15,000 men up a hill, called Cemetery Ridge, to attack the Union line.
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The Confederate soldiers were showered with cannon and rifle fire from Union troops as they marched up the
hill.
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This event became known as Pickett’s Charge.
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The Confederates soon retreated leaving 7,500 casualties on the battle field.
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This was a huge defeat for the Confederates and a huge victory for the Union.
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The Battle of Gettysburg was the overall _______________________ battle in the Civil War.
**Four Points to remember about The Battle of Gettysburg:
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The Battle of Gettysburg was the ___________________________ in the war.
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This victory made Northerners believe that the war could be won.
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France and Britain decided not to give aid and help the South after this battle.
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Confederate troops never launched an attack in the North again.
On the battlefield a few months later, Lincoln gave a famous speech called the Gettysburg Address, in which he praised
the Union soldiers for their bravery and reminded listeners that they were fighting for ________________ and equality.