Download East Asia Feudalism 2015

Chinese Dynasties
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Xia
Shang
Zhou
Qin
Han
Sui
Tang
Song
Yuan (Mongols)
Ming
Qing (Manchus)
2100 – 1800 BCE
1700 - 1027
1027 - 221
221 - 207
206 BCE – 220 AD / CE
580 – 618
618 - 907
960 - 1279
Feudal
1279 - 1368
China
1368 - 1644
1644 - 1911
Aim: to what extent was the Tang
Dynasty similar to European
kingdoms of the same time
period?
The Tang Dynasty 618-907 C.E.
After a period
of civil war
and disorder
the Tang came
to power in
China in 618
C.E.
Europe and the
Middle East?
Who did they
engage in battle
up here?
Time
period?
Why did the
Tang Dynasty
occupy this
territory?
Where do they
end up?
Heartland
Trade
GC
How did the Silk Road and the Grand Canal have an impact
on the Chinese economy? Compare and contrast the two.
Look at geographic location. What functions did they serve?
• Canals helped
with
transportation
throughout the
Empire.
• Granaries built
alongside the
canals aided
the
transportation
of rice from
the south to
the north of
China during
Why was the
times of
production of
famine.
rice vital to
the economy
of China?
The Grand Canal
•http://cruises.about.com/library/pictures/china/blwuxi02.htm
Construction on the
Grand Canal was first
begun in 500 BCE.
The Sui greatly
expanded it, and so
did the Tang.
Only the Great Wall is
a larger Chinese
construction project.
Why is the Silk Road
not one of the
biggest construction
projects?
BTW
Silkworms are our
friends!
Tang Taizong (ruled 626-649 C.E.)
• Technically the second
emperor of the Tang
Dynasty, after his
father Li Yuan.
However, historians
think that he might have
ruled jointly with his
father.
• Reconquered the
northern and western
lands that China lost
after the decline of the
Han Dynasty
http://cla.calpoly.edu/~bmori/syll/Hum310china/TangTaizong.html
http://www.chinapage.com/painting/tangtaizong.html
THE TANG SOCIAL SYSTEM
Although interesting, this
Social Pyramid is
misleading in that it
completely ignores what
class of people?
Regentsprep.org
These people, in the
pyramid, are all part of
what class?
Draw the true Social Pyramid on the next slide.
Q: Why were the peasants considered more important the merchants?
What conclusion can you draw about eastern values based on this phenomenon?
(More Realistic) Tang Social
Pyramid
• China remained classist.
• How might Confucianism have been
used in order to maintain classism in
China?
• Why else would the “kowtow” exist?
• To what extent is this similar to European
societies of the same time period?
Cultural Diffusion
• Under Tang rule Chinese culture
continued to spread to Korea, Vietnam,
Tibet, and Japan.
• If a state interfered with the Tang
economy and regional supremacy they
could face invasion. As an example,
Gaochang was seized by the Tang in 638
C.E. for refusing to let Western merchants
pass along the Silk Road.
Why did Gaochang’s actions anger the Tang?
Tang Inventions
Glazed pottery invented by the Han.
Porcelain…? Tang exported porcelain.
• Porcelain
• The Mechanical
Clock
• Printing
• Gunpowder*
Reasons for the decline of
the Tang Dynasty
• Higher taxation = political tension
• Peasant rebellions led to more
independent regional rule
Aim: to what extent was the Tang
Dynasty similar to European
kingdoms of the same time
period?
Fin
Aim: to what extent did the
Song Dynasty have an
impact on China?
Aim: to what extent were
the Tang and Song
Dynasties patriarchal?
If the Song Dynasty was also a
feudal hierarchy what can you
predict about its political and social
structure?
• Draw a graphic representation of
Song society. Why?
• What about women? Why?
Song Dynasty (960 – 1279)
No longer the Tang
Dynasty.
Founded by
Song Taizu
Song Dynasty
• Divided into the Northern Song Dynasty
(960 – 1127) and then superseded by the
• Southern Song Dynasty (1127 – 1279)
• After the Mongols pushed Chinese rulers out
of northern China.
• The (Southern) Song were then
completely deposed by the Mongols in 1279.
Notice any kind
of shift?
Women in China
(again)
• The practice of foot-binding began during
the Song Dynasty.
• Women with small feet were considered to
be more feminine and “attractive.”
Fordham.edu
The themes of the season for
women's shoes are
femininity, luxury, and
bohemian flair. Opulent
textures, detailing, and deep,
rich colors make the hottest
shoes of this season all seem
like "must-haves."
What’s the connection between
this shoe and foot-binding?
How about fingernails?
Hmm?
Song Inventions
• Paper Money
• (Improved) The
Magnetic Compass
(first invented by the
Han) and used it to
navigate at sea.
• Moveable type (used in
printing).
Economy
• Rice production doubled
• Internal trade increased
• Kaifeng became a manufacturing center,
moveable type was used in printing, waterpowered mills, and the production of porcelain
• Paper money used
• Officials collected taxes in cash i.e.: paper
money
• Letters of credit (“flying money”) were used by
merchants
• All of these economic advances made their way
to the Middle East and then on to Europe as a
result of the Crusades.
The Song were doing fine and then
along came…
Aim: TWE did Korea’s
geographic location have
an impact on its
development as a nation?
Korea
We got Seoul!
What are the benefits and problems
associated with Korea’s location?
Korea
• Silla Dynasty (668 -935)
• First time Korean Peninsula was united
under indigenous leadership.
• Heavily influenced by China: established a
Chinese style bureaucracy, and imported
Chinese art.
• And…
Koryo Dynasty (935 - 1392)
• Overthrew Silla Dynasty in 935 CE
• Mongols invaded in 1238 CE but allowed
Korea to exist as a Mongol protectorate
from 1258 CE until a complete revolt in
1358 CE.
Joseon (Yi) Dynasty (1392-1910)
Manchu
invasion
Japanese
invasion
That’s it for “feudal Korea.” BTW…
• We have now spent several times more
time talking about Korea than we will
normally spend discussing New Zealand,
Australia, …. or Canada!
AIM: To what extent did
Japan’s location and
environment play a role in
its national development?
Japan
How might the environment have an
impact on Japan?
Yayoi Period (300BCE – 300CE)
• Japan dominated by hunter gatherers
before this period.
• Agricultural production increased
especially with the introduction of Rice
from China.
• Iron introduced from Korea.
Kofun Period (300 - 538)
• Emperor ruled what
was known as
Yamato Japan from
central Honshu and
eventually
controlled all of
Japan except for
Hokkaido.
• Shinto dominant
Kofun evolves into the Yamato
Period ( - 710)
• Buddhism introduced into Japan in 538AD
or 552AD. They aren’t sure!
• Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese
writing introduced to Japan.
Also referred to as the Taika Period
(552 - 710)
• Prince Shotoku reorganizes Japan based
on a Chinese model, adopts a constitution
of sorts influenced by Confucianism and
Chinese culture that increasingly portrays
the most powerful Japanese monarch as
an Emperor in the Chinese tradition.
• Establishes first permanent capital at
Nara, 710AD.
Nara Period (710 – 784)
• First
permanent
Japanese
capital
established at
Nara in
710AD.
• Nara period
characterized
by increased
“Japanization.”
Heian Period (794 – 1160)
• In 784 the capital was moved to Heian
(Kyoto) were it remained for nearly a
thousand years until the capital was
moved to Edo (Tokyo).
• Increasing strengthening of “indigenous”
Japanese culture and traditions.
Medieval Period (1160 – 1600)
• Imperial power weakens… therefore
nobles and feudal divisions strengthen.
• Use notes from S & C
Trade
• The Tang Dynasty flourished due to
several economic factors.
• The silk industry made the Chinese very
wealthy.
• They traded with Europe, the Middle East,
India and participated in Indian Ocean
trade.
http://artisticchinesecreations.stores.yahoo.net/clothing1.html