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Chapter 16 Worksheets Recombinant DNA lab Mini Labs Reinforcement & Study Guides Content Mastery Crossword Term Model Gene Splicing process of taping green & red papers together Plasmid green strip Restriction Enzyme scissors Sticky Ends cut ends on paper Recombinant DNA red & green strips taped together Analyze & Conclude: 1. Comparing & Contrasting: How does the paper model of a plasmid resemble a bacterial plasmid? It is a small circular piece of DNA. 2. Comparing & Contrasting: How is cutting with the scissors different from cleaving with a restriction enzyme? The scissors can cut the DNA anywhere, but the restriction enzyme recognizes a particular sequence. 3. Thinking Critically: Some restriction enzymes cut DNA at particular places but do not leave sticky ends. These enzymes cannot be used to engineer recombinant DNA. Explain why. What function might they serve in a cell? Without the sticky ends, the pieces of DNA can’t be inserted into other DNA. These enzymes may function in a cell by cutting invading viral DNA. Expected results: Students will examine how a specific restriction enzyme cuts a strand of DNA Bacteria use restriction enzymes to cut up viral DNA The ends join together with complimentary single strands on other split DNA molecules The cut below does not produce sticky ends, so the DNA fragment would not combine readily with other DNA fragments. Expected Results: Students will splice together the two different colors of wire, representing the insertion of a gene from a different species into a strand of DNA The wires represent DNA segments from two different species and the pieces of wire represent genes Stripping the wire is like using restriction enzymes to form sticky ends Splicing the wires together now allows the wires to function as a unit, and splicing a gene into a fragmented piece of DNA allows that gene to function within the DNA strand c e a b d f √ √ √ √ DNA fragment plasmid (vector) gene splicing Recombinant DNA bacterial cell (host) plasmid containing bacterium cell division clone How is cloning possible? What do genetic-engineering techniques provide? √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 100,000 have not linkage map sperm cystic fibrosis Electrophoresis It is an international effort to completely map & sequence the human genome. Because humans have only a few children compared to other species and the generation time is so long Prenatal diagnosis of human disorders, gene therapy, and DNA fingerprinting Because no two individuals with the exception of identical twins have the same DNA sequence, and all autosomal cells of an individual have the same DNA clones human genome recombinant DNA plasmid cell culture vector transgenic organism gene therapy restriction enzyme linkage map genetic engineering gene splicing Location A represents the longest fragment; location F represents the shortest fragment. Because smaller fragments of DNA move more quickly through the gel, the farther the standard marker band is from the well, the smaller is the fragment Father #2 might be the biological father because he matches a band with the child at F. Suspected father #1 does not match any bands with the child It would mean that the person is homozygous for the segment of DNA containing the repeated sequence. If the person is heterozygous, a separate band will be seen for each of the two alleles. However, if he or she is homozygous, there will be only one band visible Any combination of one band from the mother & one band from the father would be correct.
